Kasugamycin, a new antibiotic.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
M Hamada
Publications and source records attributed to M Hamada.
Transformation of formycin to formycin B and their biological activities.
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Animals↗
Studies on formycin and formycin B phosphates.
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Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Chondral injury associated with acute isolated posterior cruciate ligament injury.
SUMMARY: To evaluate associated cartilaginous damage with acute isolated posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury without other concomitant ligamentous injury, arthroscopic evaluations were performed on 61 consecutive patients. Meniscal tear was found in 17 cases (28%). Of these, 3 had medial meniscal tear, 11 had lateral meniscal tear, and 3 had both medial and lateral meniscal tears. Longitudinal tears of anterior segment in lateral menisci were the most common (10 cases). Thirty-two patients (52%) had articular cartilage injury. Of these, 7 had damage greater than one half of the thickness of the articular cartilage, and 3 had erosion that extended to the subchondral bone. The most frequently injured location was the medial femoral condyle (19 cases, 31%). Significant cartilaginous injury could be combined in acute isolated PCL injury. Therefore, it is unreasonable to manage every acute isolated PCL-injured knee using a single treatment modality. Concomitant meniscal and articular cartilaginous lesions should be evaluated when treatment for acute PCL injury is planned.
Accidents, Traffic↗
Isolation of a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor, lavendustin A, from Streptomyces griseolavendus.
A potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor, lavendustin A [1], has been isolated from a butyl acetate extract of Streptomyces griseolavendus culture filtrate. It inhibits epidermal growth factor receptor-associated tyrosine kinase with an IC50 of 4.4 ng/ml, which is about 50 times more inhibitory than erbstatin. It does not inhibit protein kinase A or C. Its structure, determined by spectral data and total synthesis, is novel, having a tertiary amine in the center with substituted benzyl and phenyl groups. Lavendustin A competes with ATP and is noncompetitive with the peptide. Its structure-activity relationship is discussed.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy↗
Isolation and structure determination of novel phosphatidylinositol kinase inhibitors, echiguanines A and B, from Streptomyces sp.
In the course of a screening program for phosphatidylinositol kinase inhibitors, we discovered novel inhibitors, echiguanines A and B, from the culture broth of a Streptomyces strain MI698-50F1 (FERMP-11563). The structures of echiguanines A and B were revealed to be N-(2-amidinoethyl)-2-amino-4-hydroxy-7H-pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide and N-(3-aminopropyl)-2-amino-4-hydroxy-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine- 5-carboxamide, respectively, by nmr spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Echiguanines A and B inhibited phosphatidylinositol kinase of the A431 cell membrane with IC50's of 0.04 microgram/ml and 0.11 micrograms/ml, respectively. Echiguanine A is the most potent inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol kinase so far discovered.
1-Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase↗
Osteochondritis dissecans of the lateral femoral condyle of the knee joint.
Differences in the features of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) affecting the lateral and medial femoral condyles were investigated in 13 patients (14 knees) treated from 1991 to 1994. OCD affected the lateral femoral condyle in 6 knees (lateral group) and the medial condyle in 8 knees (medial group). The lateral group was younger (mean age, 14 v. 20 years). The radiological stage (Brückl) of the lateral group was stage 2 in 3 knees and stage 3 in 3. The lateral menisci were all discoid and the condylar articular surface of the lesions was normal in two knees, softened in 3 and detached in 1. The medial group comprised 1 knee in stage 2, 1 in stage 3, 1 in stage 4, and 5 in stage 5. The OCD lesion showed softening in 2 knees and detachment in 6. Repetitive abnormal stress on weaker osteochondral structures in the growing period produced by a discoid meniscus during growth may cause OCD of the lateral femoral condyle.
Adolescent↗
Preoperative anterior knee laxity did not influence postoperative stability restored by anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Eighty-six chronic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-injured patients were quantitatively measured for anterior knee stability preoperatively and at 2 years or later (mean, 30 months) postoperatively to examine the influence of preoperative knee laxity on the postoperative knee stability restored by the ACL reconstruction using multiplied hamstring tendon graft. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the preoperative injured minus normal anterior laxity difference (AL-D) (group I [n = 27] <5 mm, group II [n = 48] 5 to 9 mm, group III [n = 11] >10 mm). The 3 groups were comparable in gender, age, meniscal status, graft excursion measured during operation, time from injury to operation, and activity level. The postoperative AL-D in group I was 0.8 +/- 1. 7 mm, that in group II was 1.1 +/- 1.6 mm, and in group III was 1.5 +/- 1.4 mm. There were no significant statistical differences among these 3 groups. With our surgical technique including postoperative rehabilitation, patients with severe instability could be treated successfully without needing any additional procedures such as extra-articular augmentation or specially designed postoperative rehabilitation programs.
Adolescent↗
Accelerated conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate to estrogen in a patient with Crow-Fukase syndrome and diabetes mellitus.
About 28% of patients with the Crow-Fukase syndrome exhibit glucose intolerance which may be induced by low serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). We report a patient with the Crow-Fukase syndrome who exhibited non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) worsened prior to admission. He received the DHEA sulfate (DHEA-S) infusion test to evaluate aromatase activity. This patient exhibited an increase in aromatase activity measured by the conversion of the intravenously loaded DHEA-S to estrogen, and low serum levels of DHEA and DHEA-S. These abnormalities returned to nearly normal during the administration of prednisolone, 60 mg per day. No adverse effect on his diabetes was observed during the corticosteroid treatment. Five control patients with diabetes but without the Crow-Fukase syndrome showed no increase in the conversion of DHEA-S to estrogen, which suggests that aromatase activity is normal in diabetes. The increase in aromatase activity in our patient may have led to a low serum concentration of DHEA that in turn caused glucose intolerance and a deterioration of the diabetes prior to admission. Glucocorticoid therapy may be beneficial in Crow-Fukase syndrome to improve the distorted metabolism of DHEA with no adverse effect on the diabetes.
Aromatase↗
Usefulness of multiangle MRI in aortic arch dissection.
A multiangle scan technique was used in combination with usual spin echo and cine MR techniques to study a patient with aortic arch dissection. The intimal flap was seen with each technique and the jet into the entry site was observed with cine MR technique. Exact short axis images of aortic arch were obtained only with multiangle scan. Retrograde dissection and involvement of left subclavian artery were detected clearly on the short axis images.
Adult↗
Pruritus and hydration state of stratum corneum in hemodialysis patients.
BACKGROUND: Xerosis is the most frequent cutaneous manifestation in hemodialysis (HD) patients, but the association between dry skin and pruritus remains to be clarified. Since the skin surface hygrometer can detect the changes of water content in the stratum corneum more sensitively, we re-examined the relationship between the severity of pruritus and water content in dialysis patients. METHODS: Fifty patients who had been undergoing regular HD were examined for the degree of pruritus by clinical grading. Water contents in the stratum corneum at volar forearm and lower leg were assessed by measurement of high-frequency conductance using a skin surface hygrometer both at pre- and postdialysis. RESULTS: Thirty-seven (74%) of dialysis patients complained of pruritus. High-frequency conductance values were significantly lower in HD patients compared to those of age-matched control subjects (n = 13) both at forearm (35.1+/-3.0 vs. 73.3+/-10.4 microS, p<0.01) and lower leg (14.2+/-1.1 vs. 52.4+/-7.5 microS, p<0.01). There was no relationship between the severity of pruritus and age, gender, HD duration, underlying renal disease, or removing fluid volume. A significant reduction of itching score was found in patients using polysulfone membrane. A single HD session using cellulose triacetate or polysulfone membrane significantly increased water content both at forearm and lower leg (p<0.05). However, the degree of pruritus did not correlate with the skin water content both at the beginning and the end of HD session, respectively. CONCLUSION: It follows from these findings that water content in the stratum corneum was reduced in HD patients, but did not correlate with the severity of pruritus.
Adult↗
Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament using allogeneic tendon. Long-term followup.
Eighty-four patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with fresh-frozen allogeneic tendon were reviewed and evaluated with subjective and functional rating scales, physical examinations, instrumented anterior drawer tests, isokinetic testing, and arthroscopy. The average followup was 57 months (range, 36 to 90 months) and the average age at operation was 22 years (range, 16 to 37 years). The subjective and functional results were rated as excellent in 48 patients (57%), good in 31 (37%), and fair in 2 (2%). Three patients (3%) experienced a retear of the ACL. Physical examinations and instrumented anterior drawer tests showed that satisfactory anterior stability was restored in 88% of the patients. Isokinetic evaluations demonstrated that the extension torque of the involved knee recovered to a slightly lower level than that of the controls, although the flexion torque recovered to a level equivalent to that of the controls. Arthroscopic evaluations revealed that the allografts were elaborately remodeled, viable, and taut. There was no sign of immunologic rejection at any time postoperatively. Additional extraarticular procedures, consisting of both pes anserinus transfer on the medial side and iliotibial band reinforcement on the lateral side, had no effect on the results.
Adult↗
Total lipodystrophy with heart failure and renal failure: report of a case.
A 38-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea. The diagnosis of total lipodystrophy was made by following findings: (1) gaunt appearance; (2) insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus; (3) hyperlipidemia; (4) fatty liver. Chest X-ray demonstrated cardiomegaly, pulmonary edema and pleural effusion. Echocardiogram was characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy with asymmetrical septal hypertrophy and left ventricular dysfunction. Renal biopsy revealed focal glomerulosclerosis. We reported a patient with total lipodystrophy combined with heart failure and renal failure, which have been rarely associated with the disease.
Adult↗
Vitiligo with primary hypothyroidism and hypoacusis: a case report.
A 48-year-old female patient with vitiligo developed primary hypothyroidism and hypoacusis. The signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism improved with thyroid hormone replacement therapy but hypoacusis did not. The coexistence of vitiligo and thyroid disease is uncommon and the additional association of hypoacusis is very rare. There may be a common autoimmune pathogenesis for the three disorders. Vitiligo may be a diagnostically useful sign which suggests the presence of multiple autoimmune diseases.
Female↗
Familial primary pulmonary hypertension--report of two siblings.
Familial primary pulmonary hypertension was found in two siblings (sister and brother). The woman noted exertional dyspnea at the age of 28 yr. The younger brother noticed exertional dyspnea, cough with bloody sputum and pretibial edema at the age of 38 yr. We diagnosed them as primary pulmonary hypertension as based on hemodynamic and histopathological findings. Regardless of the treatment, both patients died of right-sided heart failure with a short time course. We examined their family members, but there were no other members with primary pulmonary hypertension.
Adult↗
Pachydermoperiostosis with myelofibrosis and anemia: report of a case of anemia of multifactorial causes and its improvement with steroid pulse and iron therapy.
A 26-year-old male patient with pachydermoperiostosis is reported. He had severe anemia with myelofibrosis. Treatment with iron, prednisolone, oxymethorone and 1 alpha (OH)D3 were not satisfactory. But steroid pulse therapy with parenteral iron improved his anemia and pancytopenia, but was not sufficient to relieve the bone marrow fibrosis or splenomegaly. The mechanism of anemia which was considered to be multifactorial including gastro-intestinal bleeding associated with peptic ulcer or erosion and bone marrow failure due to myelofibrosis, is discussed.
Adult↗
Subrenal capsule assay applied to examine the sensitivity of allogenic mouse fibrosarcoma to hyperthermia, chemotherapeutic drugs or combined treatment.
The thermosensitivity and chemosensitivity of fibrosarcomas of C3H/He mouse were investigated using the subrenal capsule assay with female ICR mice as host. Five typical chemotherapeutic drugs (mitomycin C, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, cis-DDplatinum and cyclophosphamide) tested were effective in suppressing tumour growth. Total-body hyperthermia given at 41.5 degrees C for 30 min twice during the 6-day period exerted little effect. However, an interactive effect was found with the combination of hyperthermia and mitomycin C. The combination of hyperthermia with other drugs failed to exhibit an interactive effect, since the effects of the drugs alone were considerable. The potential clinical applicability of this test is discussed.
Animals↗
Intracranial hemorrhage due to cerebral metastasis of lung cancer - a case report.
Lung cancer often metastasizes to brain. However, hemorrhage of the metastatic lesions is uncommon. We report a case of a 68-year old man with lung cancer who underwent right upper lobectomy of the lung and presented in 15 months with a cerebral hemorrhage from a metastatic lesion of the brain.
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗