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Biomedical subjects

M Haga

Publications and source records attributed to M Haga.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Structure and antitumor activity of a branched (1----3)-beta-D-glucan from the alkaline extract of Amanita muscaria.

A beta-(1----6)-branched (1----3)-beta-D-glucan(AM-ASN) was isolated from the alkaline extract of the fruiting bodies of Amanita muscaria. AM-ASN had [alpha]D - 11 degrees in 0.5 M sodium hydroxide. Its estimated molecular weight was 95,000 in this alkaline solution and 260,000 in a neutral solution. The branches in the glucan were primarily single, (1----6)-linked D-glucopyranosyl groups, two for every seven residues in the (1----3)-linked main chain. AM-ASN exhibited significant antitumor activity against Sarcoma 180 in mice, and a mixture of AM-ASN with mitomycin C was more effective against the tumor than mitomycin C only.

Amanita↗
PubMed1992

Enantiomeric difference in percutaneous penetration of propranolol through rat excised skin.

The percutaneous penetration of R-(+)- and S-(-)-propranolol (PL) through rat excised skin was investigated in vitro. The flux of S-(-)-PL after application to normal skin was high compared with that of R-(+)-PL. On the other hand, in damaged rat skin, the flux of R-(+)-PL was almost equivalent to that of S-(-)-PL. It is suggested that there is an enantiomeric difference between S-(-)- and R-(+)-PL in terms of penetration through rat stratum corneum.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Studies on the constituents of edible and medicinal plants. III. Effects of seven limonoids on the sleeping time induced in mice by anesthetics.

Effects of seven limonoids, obakunone (1), 7 alpha-obakunol (2), 7 beta-obakunol (3), limonin (4), 7 alpha-limonol (5), 7 beta-limonol (6) and nomilin (7), on the sleeping time induced in mice by anesthetics were assayed. All the limonoids, except for 2, shortened the sleeping time induced by alpha-chloralose and urethane. 7 gave the highest reduction rate of sleeping time, and the order of the reduction rate of sleeping time was as follows; 7 > 1 and 3 > 4, 5 and 6. As the chemical structures of these compounds are similar to each other, the relationship between the structure and the effects of limonoids on sleeping time was discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Cardiac abnormalities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of cardiac abnormalities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. DESIGN: Prospective survey. SETTING: Rheumatic diseases unit of a university hospital. PATIENTS: Volunteer sample comprising 83% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus followed annually in the rheumatic disease unit (93 patients; mean age 46 +/- 13 years; female 79, male 14). These patients were age-matched with 16 female control volunteers (mean age 43 +/- 5 years) recruited from hospital staff. INTERVENTIONS: Electrocardiograms, two-dimensional echocardiograms and radionuclide angiograms were performed in patients and controls. Anticardiolipin antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the systemic lupus erythematosus patients. MAIN RESULTS: At least one cardiac abnormality was detected in 44 of 93 systemic lupus erythematosus patients (47%). These abnormalities included: aortic valve thickening 12%; mitral valve thickening, prolapse, vegetations or stenosis 23%; left ventricular segmental dysfunction 4%; left ventricular global hypokinesis 4%; right ventricular hypokinesis 4%; left ventricular hypertrophy 14%; left ventricular diastolic dysfunction 16%; and pericardial effusion 2%. Three of the 16 controls (19%) had cardiac abnormalities consisting of mitral valve prolapse (one), right ventricular hypokinesis (one) and pericardial effusion (one). Cardiac abnormalities were more common in the systemic lupus erythematosus group compared with controls (47% versus 19%, P less than 0.05). Raised anticardiolipin antibodies were specific (88%) but not sensitive (33%) for the presence of cardiac abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Renal disease and prednisone therapy were more common in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with cardiac involvement than in such patients without evidence of cardiac disease (40% versus 16%, P = 0.03; and 81% versus 59%, P = 0.04, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac abnormalities can be identified noninvasively in 47% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Protease-catalyzed peptide synthesis in frozen aqueous systems: the "freeze-concentration model".

Freezing of the aqueous reaction mixtures can cause dramatically increased peptide yields in protease-catalyzed kinetically controlled peptide synthesis reactions. The "Freeze-concentration model" which implies that the enzymic reaction within a macroscopically frozen system takes place in an unfrozen liquid phase is presented as a reasonable basis for the understanding of the effect of freezing. It is shown that L-amino acid esters are effective nucleophiles in alpha-chymotrypsin-catalyzed acyl transfer reactions when these are performed in frozen state.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

The clinical course of Felty's syndrome compared to matched controls.

In a cohort of 919 patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis followed prospectively since 1966, we identified 36 patients with Felty's syndrome (FS). Their clinical course was compared to that of 72 matched controls from the same cohort. Patients with FS had more extraarticular features and more infections than control patients. The presence of joint erosions, serial Lansbury indices, and death rates were similar in both groups. Cardiovascular disease was the commonest cause of death in both groups, accounting for 32% of all deaths. Sepsis accounted for 10% of deaths in the group with FS and 13% of deaths in the controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Hypoglycemic effect of intestinally administered monosaccharide-modified insulin derivatives in rats.

The effect of the modification of insulin (INS) with p-succinylamidophenyl (SA)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (SAPG), SA-alpha-D-mannopyranoside and SA-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside on the enzymatic degradation and the hypoglycemic effect in rats was studied. When SAPG-INS was administered intraintestinally in the absence of bile and pancreatic juice, blood glucose level decreased to 56% of initial value. Other monosaccharide derivatives were less effective than SAPG-INS. The digestion of monosaccharide derivatives by pepsin and chymotrypsin indicated that the resistance of insulin to enzymatic degradation was increased by its modification with monosaccharide. One possibility for the hypoglycemic effect of SAPG-INS could be the increased resistance of insulin to enzymatic degradation as a result of its modification with monosaccharide.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

An improved chemiluminescence-based liposome immunoassay involving apoenzyme.

An improved liposome immunoassay system (LIS) combining the chemiluminescence-based LIS with an apoenzyme reactivation immunoassay system (ARIS) was developed. A low-molecular-weight co-factor, FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide), was incorporated into liposomes instead of the high-molecular-weight enzyme GOD (glucose oxidase). FAD released from liposomes by cytolysin-hapten conjugates bound to Apo-GOD and regenerated GOD. The system allowed detection of 10 pM digoxin, the model analyte and was linear over 10 pM to 13 nM digoxin. This sensitivity was about 300 times higher than that of the homogeneous system using GOD-containing liposomes and 30 times higher than that of the heterogeneous system which we reported previously. The time required for incubation during the detection of digoxin was reduced from 20 to 3 h.

Apoenzymes↗
PubMed1990

Effects of preparing and ligand-binding methods of small unilamellar liposomes on their blood elimination and tissue distribution in rats.

The effects of two methods of preparing small unilamellar vesicles (SUV) (detergent removal or sonication) on their in vivo elimination and tissue distribution was investigated in rats. The SUV prepared by either method had the same size distribution and lipid composition (egg yolk phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol/dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethanolamine or palmitic acid = 20/10/0.3, molar ratio). Three types of SUV made by either method were prepared. These contained one of three different surface ligand-binding functional groups (N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of palmitic acid, NHSP; glutaraldehyde-phosphatidylethanolamine, GA-PE; N-[4-(p-maleimidophenyl)butyryl]phosphatidylethanolamine, MPB-PE). SUV prepared by detergent removal were eliminated slowly from the circulation, and exhibited a low liver uptake and little leakage of [3H]inulin. There was no significant difference in elimination of the NHSP-SUV, GA-SUV or MPB-SUV prepared by detergent removal and their tissue distribution was similar. In contrast, the sonicated SUV were eliminated from the circulation much more rapidly mainly by liver uptake. The leakage of [3H]inulin from sonicated SUV into urine was relatively large. When sonicated control-SUV were prepared in the presence of the antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol (alpha-T-SUV), which reduces lipid peroxidation during sonication, the alpha-T-SUV were eliminated slowly with only a low liver uptake. Our results indicate that the rapid elimination and greater liver uptake of sonicated SUV is partly due to lipid peroxidation during preparation. These findings have relevance to the use of liposomes as a drug delivery system.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

pH-sensitive liposomes composed of phosphatidylethanolamine and fatty acid.

pH-induced destabilization, aggregation and fusion of liposomes composed of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and various fatty acid were studied. Destabilization was examined as a fluorescent change caused by leakage of coencapsulated aminonaphthalene-3,6,8-trisulfonic acid (ANTS) and N,N-p-xylylenebispyridinium bromide (DPX). Fusion was monitored by two different methods, that is, intermixing assay of internal aqueous contents of liposomes, and lipid dilution assay of liposomes labeled with fluorescent phospholipids. Contents leakage from liposomes was observed by lowering the pH, and pH where the leakage began depended on fatty acid used. Fifty percent leakage of contents from PE liposomes containing alpha-hydroxypalmitic acid or alpha-hydroxy-stearic acid was observed at pH 5.5, that from liposomes containing stearic acid or palmitic acid was observed at pH 6.5-6.7, and that from ricinoleic acid at pH 7.2. Aggregation and fusion of the respective liposomes also occurred at a similar pH region. These results were interpreted by the notion that the protonation of the fatty acid triggers a series of pH-sensitive events. The liposomes developed in this study may be useful as a drug carrier which could release the contents in response to pH changes in their environment.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1990

HLA antigens in cancer of the gallbladder.

Thirty one patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC) and 32 healthy controls were typed using antisera against 12 HLA-A, 31 HLA-B, 7 HLA-C and 13 HLA-DR antigens. The DR4 frequency of 61.3% (19/31) in GBC was significantly different from that of 28.1% (9/32) in the control (p = 0.00794 by Fisher's exact test). The relative risk and the etiologic fraction were 4.0 and 0.46, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Clinical course and predictors of length of stay in hospitalized patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Patients admitted for therapy of active rheumatoid arthritis were prospectively followed throughout their hospital stay. Average length of stay was 17.1 days. Serial global assessments, whether determined by rheumatologist, physiotherapist or patient appeared to improve linearly until at least hospital day 21. From admission to discharge, mean global assessment scores improved by about one third. Poor global assessment, high disability index, and the presence of comorbid disease and anemia on admission, as well as admission late in the week, were predictive of prolonged hospital stay.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Plasma-polymerized membrane electrode for the determination of dextromethorphan and dimemorfan.

Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) responsive to the antitussives dextromethorphan and dimemorfan were constructed by the fixation of an ion-exchanger, ammonium tetraphenylborate, on a Millipore membrane by means of a plasma-polymerization technique. The electrodes showed a Nernstian response over the range of 10(-5)-10(-2) M dextromethorphan and dimemorphan, and the working pH range was 5-7. The interference from common cations such as Na+, K+ and Ca2+ was negligible but some organic cations interfered weakly. The electrodes were applied successfully for the determination of the drugs in pharmaceutical preparations.

Dextromethorphan↗
PubMed1989

Rec-assay of human bile for mutagenicity and co-mutagenicity.

Spore rec-assay of human bile was conducted by the Bacillus subtilis test system to examine possible mutagenicity and co-mutagenicity. Of 26 samples examined, 8 (30.8%) showed mutagenic activity and 23 (88.5%) enhanced the mutagenic activity of mitomycin C.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1989

[Study on two-dimensional tooth mobility].

Tooth mobility was measured with the use of a two-dimensional displacement measuring system. This small-sized system can measure the displacement both in the direction of the tooth axis and the buccolingual direction simultaneously with no contact. As test teeth, lower right first premolars with no clinical mobility were examined. The load was applied from the lingual to the buccal direction, to the vertical direction as well as from the buccal to the lingual direction. The results obtained were as follows: 1. This system possesses sufficient accuracy and reproducibility for tooth mobility measurement (measurement range 500 microns, resolving power 1 microns). 2. Most of the load-displacement curves showed diphasic displacement. 3. As to the amount of displacement in the buccolingual direction, 3 of 8 cases showed greater values by the load in the buccal direction and the remaining 5 by the load in the lingual direction. 4. As to the displacement direction of loaded teeth, the lingual and buccal load displaced teeth to the lingual-coronal and buccal-radicular directions respectively. Teeth under the vertical load were displaced almost to the radicular and slightly to the buccal direction. 5. As to the direction of tooth displacement in relation to load directions, it appeared that the teeth not only rotated within the dental sockets but also indented or extruded into the dental sockets.

Dental Stress Analysis↗