Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M H Thompson

Publications and source records attributed to M H Thompson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Nadolol in combination with indapamide and xipamide in resistant hypertensives.

Twenty-four hypertensive patients have been studied. All had blood pressure recordings greater than 160/95 mmHg on 3 occasions whilst taking a beta blocker and two other antihypertensive agents in therapeutic doses. Compliance was checked by intermittent urine analysis for the relevant beta-blocker. These difficult to control hypertensives were treated with nadolol alone, nadolol plus indapamide and nadolol plus xipamide each for 2 months in random order. The aim was to reduce the blood pressure to below 160/95 mmHg. The supine blood pressure on nadolol alone (167/100 mmHg) was comparable to that on the previous three drug regimens (157/100 mmHg), the other two treatments were more effective (145/90 and 148/93 mmHg respectively). Hypokalaemia (serum potassium below 3.5 mmol/l) occurred in six individuals but occurred more frequently on xipamide than on indapamide.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Impact of neonatal intensive care.

Mortality in infants less than 33 weeks' gestation and in those of very low birthweight in Brighton has fallen since 1978. This reduction is not due simply to a decline in the incidence of major congenital abnormalities; evidence indicates that it can be attributed to the introduction of respiratory support.

Critical Care↗
PubMed1984

Analysis of metabolic profiles of steroids in faeces of healthy subjects undergoing chenodeoxycholic acid treatment by liquid-gel chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

The multicomponent analysis of faecal steroids is described. Steroids were removed from faeces by solvent stripping in a Soxhlet apparatus and the resulting extracts were fractionated by diethylaminohydroxypropyl Sephadex column chromatography into neutral sterols, free bile acids, glycine conjugated bile acids, taurine conjugated bile acids and sulphated steroids. In this study the method has been applied for faecal steroid analyses of healthy subjects undergoing chenodeoxycholic acid therapy. Chenodeoxycholic acid administration causes a considerable increase in the concentration of faecal lithocholic acid which is a known comutagenic bile acid. Furthermore it has been shown that conjugated bile acids can account for between 10 and 20% of the faecal bile acid pool. The method described is convenient and may be useful for epidemiological studies which require a large number of faecal samples to be analysed.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1984

Weight and water loss in the neonate in natural and forced convection.

We describe a simple method of determining weight loss and hence water loss of infants in incubators. Unlike previously reported methods, it does not interfere with the microenvironment surrounding the infant. Weight loss of 16 term and 32 preterm infants was measured in both forced and natural convection. No significant increase in water loss was observed in the term infants but in the preterm infants the mean loss in natural convection was 0.85 g/kg/hour compared with 1.26 g/kg/hour in forced convection: in the most extreme situation it was doubled. This water loss represents a substantial energy loss and suggestions to minimise it are discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Physical association of oestrogens and other steroids with DNA.

4C-Labelled mestranol, 3-O-methyl oestrone and cholesterol-5 alpha,6 alpha-oxide have been prepared. Along with the natural oestrogens, E1 and E2, and other steroids, these compounds have been used to determine the extent of their physical association with DNA. Analysis of binding both by equilibrium solubilization and by caesium chloride density gradient centrifugation showed the same relative order of binding: mestranol greater than 3-O-methyl oestrone greater than oestrone greater than cholic acid greater than cholesterol-5 alpha,6 alpha-oxide greater than progesterone, testosterone greater than oestradiol. DNA from Micrococcus lysodeikticus showed a higher affinity for cholic acid than did calf thymus DNA, while pretreatment of the latter with proteinase K somewhat reduced the level of physical binding of oestrone.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Visceral leishmaniasis contracted in the Mediterranean area.

Two infants who presented with anaemia and hepatosplenomegaly were found to have visceral leishmaniasis. Diagnosis was made immediately after bone marrow aspiration in one infant, but in the other there was considerable delay. Both responded well to a course of sodium stibogluconate.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Fecal steroids and urinary volatile phenols in four Scandinavian populations.

Population samples from 4 study areas showing a 3-fold variation in large bowel cancer incidence were investigated for fecal bile acid loss and concentration, fecal neutral steroid loss and concentration, and urinary loss of volatile phenols. Each sample consisted of 30 randomly selected men, aged 50-59 years. Daily loss of bile acids was found to be identical in the 4 areas, but due to differences in fecal bulk, the fecal bile acid concentration varied, showing a positive correlation with large bowel cancer incidence. No significant difference between the 4 populations emerged with regard to fecal neutral steroids or urinary volatile phenols.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1982

The long-term outcome of Billroth I partial gastrectomy for benign gastric ulcer.

A study was done of 144 patients undergoing Billroth I partial gastrectomy for benign gastric ulcer. At a mean follow-up of 9.4 years, 95 patients were alive. Of 79 patients reviewed, 84% had an excellent or good result on clinical (Visick) grading. Five cases of proven recurrent ulceration were found; two of these patients required subsequent truncal vagotomy. There was one early death after operation, and 48 late deaths, including one from carcinoma of the gastric remnant (at two years), one from a reticulum cell sarcoma of the stomach (at three years), and one from reactivation of pulmonary tuberculosis. The operation was not attended by appreciable nutritional sequelae, although there was a tendency towards iron deficiency anemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The clinical relevance of isolated ventral pancreas.

An isolated ventral pancreas results from failure of fusion of the dorsal and ventral pancreatic ducts. Until the advent of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), the clinical significance of this abnormality was not known. A series of 11 such patients in 850 consecutive ERCP examinations is described. No other cause for their symptoms was discovered. Secretory studies showed a low volume of pancreatic juice with normal concentration of bicarbonate and trypsin. In 5 cases operative dorsal pancreatography was performed: it was normal in all cases. In 3 cases the pancreatic tail was amputated and found unexpectedly to be the seat of pancreatitis in 2. Isolated ventral pancreas may be associated with pancreatitis, but this is not proved.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Identification of a clinical isolate as Legionella pneumophila by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry of cellular fatty acids.

Culture of a bronchial aspirate from an immunosuppressed patient with severe pneumonia yielded a growth of filamentous poorly staining gram-negative rods. Fluorescence with Legionella pneumophila direct fluorescein-isothiocyanate conjugate was equivocal. Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) and GLC/mass-spectrometry (GLC-MS) of the cellular fatty acids of the isolate confirmed that the organism was L. pneumophila. GLC and GLC-MS constitute a rapid and definitive method for identification of L. pneumophila isolates.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1977

Cell-mediated mutagenesis in cultured Chinese hamster cells by carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons: nature and extent of the associated hydrocarbon-DNA reaction.

A system of cell-mediated mutagenesis is described for the study of compounds which require metabolic activation to exert their cytotoxic and mutagenic effects. This system combines BHK21 cells for metabolism of the compounds and V79 cells as targets for mutagenesis. Using the two polycyclic hydrocarbon carcinogens benzo(a)pyrene and 7-methylbenz(a)anthracene we have shown that the hydrocarbon-DNA reaction which accompanies mutagenesis in the target cell is indistinguishable from that reported to occur in vivo and in primary cell cultures. Our results also support the view that a diol epoxide metabolite is responsible for the biological activity of benzo(a)pyrene. The application of cell-mediated mutagenesis to the routine testing of suspect environmental chemicals for biological activity is discussed.

Azaguanine↗
PubMed1977

A comparative study of double contrast and single contrast barium meals with endoscopic arbitration in the diagnosis of peptic ulcer.

The study compares the ability of a simple double contrast technique with our standard single contrast barium meal to diagnose peptic ulceration. Two hundred and six patients were randomly allocated to either examination. Endoscopy was used as the definitive diagnostic procedure. Deformity of the duodenal cap was more accurately detected by the double contrast technique (P less than 0.01). There was no significant difference in the detection rates for duodenal ulcer. False positive or false negative diagnoses of duodenal pathology were similar by both techniques. The incidence of gastric ulceration in the series was too low for statistical analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Nocturnal metiamide treatment in the management of healed duodenal ulceration.

This paper presents the results of a pilot study to investigate whether the administration of a nocturnal dose of metiamide (the first orally active H2 receptor antagonist) would prevent or delay the relapse of duodenal ulceration after initial ulcer healing. Sixteen patients took part in a double-blind trial to compare metiamide (400 mg) with placebo. Endoscopically confirmed duodenal ulcer relapses occurred in two out of eight on metiamide and six out of eight on placebo. There was a significant prolongation of remission in those in those on the active drug with an apparent reduction in duodenitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Influence of inducers and inhibitors of mixed-function oxidasts on benzo(a)pyrene binding to the DNA of rat liver nuclei.

Benzo(a)pyrene-conjugated DNA was isolated after benzo(a)pyrene was incubated in vitro with liver nuclei from control, phenobarbital-treated, and methylcholanthrene-treated rats and the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-generating system. Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, the levels of activity of which varied with the different nuclear systems, was highly specific in the activation of the benzo(a)pyrene to forms that bind to DNA. Sephadex LH-20 chromatography of the degreded DNA from liver nuclei of pretreated rats revealed an in vivo DNA-bound product previously shown to be derived from 7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide (Product A). The nuclei from phenobarbital-pretreated rats also contained a DNA-bound product corresponding to that derived from the binding of benzo(a)pyrene 4,5-oxide (Product C), but they completely lacked the DNA-bound product derived from futher metabolism of 0-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene (Product D). In contrast, nuclei from methylcholanthrene-treated rats yielded large amounts of Product D. No bound products were found with the control nuclei. 7,8-Benzoflavone caused an 80% inhibition of benzo(a)pyrene binding to DNA in the nuclei of methylcholanthrene-pretreated rats, but it had no effect on control nuclei or those from phenobarbital-pretreated rats. It inhibited formation of Product A, but not Products B or C, in nuclei from phenobarbital-pretreated rats. With nuclei from methylcholanthrene-pretreated rats. With nuclei from methylcholanthrene-pretreated animals, 7,8-benzoflavone led to an overall loss of products, but small amounts of Products A and B persisted. 1,1,1-Trichloropropene 2,3-oxide strongly inhibited nuclear aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity and the phenol fraction measured by thin-layer chromatography in all nuclear systems, but it significantly increased the benzo(a)pyrene binding in all nuclei. With nuclei from phenobarbital-treated rats, it inhibited the formation of Product B but not of Products A and C; whereas with nuclei from methylcholanthrene-pretreated rats, it inhibited the fromation of all the hydrocarbon-deoxyribonucleoside products.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The role of 9-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene in the microsome mediated binding of benzo(a)pyrene to DNA.

A study of the liver microsome-mediated binding to added DNA of the phenol metabolites of benzo(a)pyrene (BP-OH) and of 7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene (BP-7,8-diol) suggested that as in the case of BP itself the reaction was catalysed by the enzyme aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase. The addition of glutathione to the microsomal incubation inhibited the binding of BP and BP-OH more than that of BP-7,8-diol. Analysis by LH20 chromatography of the deoxyribonucleoside products from BP-DNA showed greater inhibition by glutathione of formation of the major product believed to result from further metabolism of BP-OH, than of the product arising by metabolism of BP-7,8-diol. The chromatographic behaviour and fluorescence spectrum of this major product were consistent with its derivation from 9-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene (BP-9-OH) and furthermore suggested that BP-9-OH-4,5-oxide was the derivative whose reaction with DNA yielded this microsome-mediated BP-DNA product.

Alkylation↗