Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M H Lopes

Publications and source records attributed to M H Lopes.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[The most frequent nursing diagnoses in an oncology admission unit].

The aim of this paper was to survey the most frequent nursing diagnoses by means of the nursing history and medical procedure in order to help the care provided at the Oncology Nursing Service of Women Health Whole Care (Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher-CAISM). The five most common diagnoses were: risk for infection, risk for altered body temperature, risk for aspiration and colonic constipation of the exchanging pattern, and risk for activity intolerance of the moving pattern. Data collection was based on these patterns. Data predominantly involving social, cultural, psychological and spiritual aspects were hardly interpreted, because they were poorly registered or omitted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Simultaneous occurrence of acute myocarditis and reactivated Chagas' disease in a patient with AIDS.

Myocarditis is not an uncommon finding in autopsy series of patients with AIDS, although clinically important myocarditis is rarely noted. We describe a 50-year-old woman with AIDS and chronic chagasic megaesophagus, without previous cardiac abnormalities, who experienced reactivation of Chagas' disease, characterized by the finding of Trypanosoma cruzi via direct microscopic examination of the buffy coat, xenodiagnosis, and blood culture; she developed fatal acute myocarditis. Reactivation of Chagas' disease in patients with AIDS has been reported, but in the great majority of cases it has been associated with central nervous system involvement. In areas where Chagas' disease is endemic, reactivation may occur in patients with AIDS.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Envenoming by Bothrops jararaca in Brazil: association between venom antigenaemia and severity at admission to hospital.

The association between the clinical severity of Bothrops jararaca envenoming at admission and serum venom and plasma fibrinogen concentrations before antivenom administration is reported in 137 patients admitted to Hospital Vital Brazil, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil, between 1989 and 1990. Other variables such as age, gender, site of the bite, use of tourniquet and the time interval between the bite and start of antivenom therapy, spontaneous systemic bleeding, and the 20 minute whole blood clotting test (20WBCT) at admission showed no association with either severity or serum venom antigen concentration (SVAC). Mean SVAC in patients with mild envenoming was significantly lower than in the group with moderate envenoming (P = 0.0007). Patients with plasma fibrinogen concentrations > 1.5 g/L had a lower mean SVAC than patients with plasma fibrinogen concentrations < or = 1.5 g/L (P = 0.02). Those admitted with a tourniquet in place had significantly higher plasma fibrinogen concentrations than those without a tourniquet (P = 0.002). A multiple logistic regression model showed independent risk factors for severity: bites at sites other than legs or forearms, SVACs > or = 400 ng/mL, and the use of a tourniquet. Rapid quantification of SVAC before antivenom therapy might improve initial evaluation of severity in B. jararaca bites.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paracoccidioidomycosis in a renal transplant recipient.

Paracoccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection rarely described in immunodeficient patients. We report a severe case of pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis in a renal transplant recipient and demonstrate deficiencies of in vitro lymphocytic transformation assays, skin hypersensitivity tests, as well as low levels of antibodies to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Support for decision making in nursing in cases of altered urinary elimination: Alturin.Exp System].

Lopes, Palombo and Sabbatini have developed a system for computer-aided decision in nursing named ALTURIN.EXP, based on SABBATINI'S EXPERTMD system and the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) nursing diagnosis classification, which is related to nursing diagnosis for altered urinary elimination. The ALTURIN.EXP defines the specific altered urinary elimination diagnosis and indicates the most common nursing interventions. Our purpose was testing the program clinically. Twenty-nine cases of altered urinary elimination in women with gynecological and oncogynecological problems have been described. Three nurses provided the principal and secondary diagnoses when regarded. These diagnoses were compared to those of the program. As previously elaborated, the program, in some cases, provided the secondary diagnosis. The clinical cases use has led to a review on the program structure in order to decrease error possibility.

Decision Making, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Allergic reactions caused by latex: warning to health workers].

In this study, a bibliographic survey is made of all articles, published during the last few years, dealing with allergic reactions to latex. The first article on allergic reactions associated with latex was published in Britain, in 1979. Since then, the number of cases reported have increased (Barton, 1993). Type I allergic reaction (immediate reaction) and Type IV (delayed reaction) are part of the latex allergic process (Steelman, 1995). Contact allergy is due to inadequate washing during manufacture, which results in the retention of water-soluble proteins that cause allergic reactions in susceptible people. A wide variety of allergic reactions that vary from contact dermatitis to anaphylatic shock are described in literature. These finding show that a health team must know the probable implications of latex allergy.

Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Measles vaccination: influence of age on its efficacy.

The authors compare the serologic efficacy and the clinical protection afforded by three different measles vaccination schemes in adequately nourished children in São Paulo city, Brazil. Two hundred forty two children were divided into three groups. Group A, comprising 117 children who had received the vaccine before 12 months of age and a second dose at 12 months of age or more. Group B, comprising 46 children who had received only one dose, before 12 months of age. Group C, comprising 79 children who had received only one dose, at 12 months of age or more. The geometric mean titer of antibodies in Group A was 790.1; in Group B, 251.1; and in Group C, 550.3. There was no statistically significant difference between Groups A and C. The exposure to the measles virus was probably similar in all groups, and the children in Group A and C had similar chances of acquiring the disease after vaccination whereas in Group B the chances were higher when compared to the other two groups. The results obtained in this study favor the use, in developing countries, of a vaccination program against measles that includes an early first dose at eight months of age and revaccination after 12 months of age.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute Chagas' disease: transmission routes, clinical aspects and response to specific therapy in diagnosed cases in an urban center].

The authors report clinical features and therapeutic response of 24 outpatients with acute Chagas' disease, and 3 in the initial chronic phase, referred to the Clinic for Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of the FMUSP "Clínicas" Hospital between 1974 and 1987. The following transmission routes were involved: triatominae in 7 cases, blood transfusion in 9, kidney transplantation and/or blood transfusion in 4, accidental in 1, oral route in 3, probably breast feeding in 1, congenital or breast feeding in 1, and congenital or blood transfusion in 1. Six patients infected by triatominac acquired the disease between 1974 and 1980 and one in 1987. The blood transfusion infected patients acquired the disease in Greater São Paulo, seven of whom after 1983. The acute phase Chagas' disease was oligosymptomatic in 4 patients: three of such patients being immunocompromised by drugs or other diseases. Another two adult immunocompromised patients developed myocarditis and congestive heart failure. Clinical features were severe in 5 from 6 children under two years, irrespective of the transmission route. Evaluation of the acute phase patients treated with benznidazol (4-10 mg/kg/day) showed: therapeutic failure in 4/16 (25.0%); possible cure in 9/16 (53.2%) and inconclusive results in 3/16 (18.8%). The antibody and complement-mediated lysis reaction was in keeping with the xenodiagnosis in 18/22 cases, having shown negative results after treatment earlier than classical serological reactions. One aplastic anaemia patient receiving corticosteroid presented lymphoproliferative disease 6 years after being treated with benznidazol for acute Chagas' disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of indirect immunofluorescence test for measles antibodies with haemagglutination inhibition and plaque neutralization tests.

Indirect Immunofluorescence (IFA), Plaque Reduction Neutralization (PRN) and Haemagglutination Inhibition (HI) tests for measles antibodies were carried out in 197 sera obtained from umbilical cord and vaccinated children. The IFA was also applied to blood samples collected with filter paper. IFA results demonstrated that the test is relatively simple to perform, with good reproducibility for different antigen lots. Good correlation was obtained between IFA, PRN and HI antibody titers. Better correlation was demonstrated with IFA and PRN than with HI and PRN tests. Sensitivity of IFA in detecting antibody was less effective than PRN, however more effective than HI using rhesus monkey red blood cells. PRN antibody titers over 100 were detected by IFA but not by HI (9.7% with negative results). IFA may be of considerable practical use and able to substitute HI in seroepidemiological surveys and to evaluate vaccine efficacy. It also can be simplified by employing filter paper collected samples.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effectiveness of influenza vaccination in elderly outpatients in São Paulo city, Brazil.

To investigate the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in a population of elderly outpatients, we compared the occurrence and frequency of influenza like illness (ILI), respiratory illness and hospitalization in vaccinated and non-vaccinated subjects. All the outcomes were clinically defined. The two groups were similar with respect to demographics, health situation and habits. The influenza vaccine contributed to the protection of the elderly investigated, since the vaccinated subjects referred a significantly lower number of ILI than the non-vaccinated. There is a need for more studies about the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in our country in elderly and other groups of our population.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Inactivated vaccine against hepatitis A: review of the literature and considerations on its use].

A new, safe, highly immunogenic and probably long term effective inactivated hepatitis A virus vaccine has been licensed for clinical use. Clinical trials in developed countries have demonstrated its efficacy in preventing hepatitis A in high risk groups, such as travelers to regions where HAV infection is endemic and day care children and staff, its efficacy in postexposure conditions and in community outbreaks. The authors review the basic and changing features of the disease and its epidemiology in specific geographical regions trying to elucidate its use in the control of the disease in developing countries, especially in Brazil. Taking in consideration its efficacy, safety and immunogenicity, the inactivated hepatitis A vaccine may be of extreme value in terms of individual protection. Because this vaccine is so new, there are no formal recommendations for its use in developing countries, and appropriate public health use of hepatitis A vaccine requires up-to-date epidemiological information.

Developing Countries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An attempt to detect Trypanosoma cruzi in the peripheral blood of patients with Chagas' disease, in chronic phase, using quantitative buffy coat (QBC)].

Taking for granted the sensitivity of the Quantitative Buffy Coat (QBC) system, as documented in a murine experimental model, we assayed to detect Trypanosoma cruzi in the peripheral blood of 100 patients with Chagas disease in its chronic phase. By means of the method, no positivity occurred, evently as a consequence of small parasitemias, undetectable by this technique as assessed by the cases in consideration.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of intestinal enema in labor preparation: analysis of advantages and disadvantages].

This study aimed at investigating the effects of intestinal cleansers on fecal contamination during labor and delivery amongst women assisted in a university hospital. The subjects were 90 pregnant women (43 normal births, 27 forceps and 20 caesarean sections). The population was divided in two randomized groups: with and without the use of intestinal cleansers. It was possible to conclude that intestinal cleansers did not provide faster labor and did not reduce fecal contamination. However, the women who had used an intestinal cleanser tended to regard it as positive.

Delivery, Obstetric↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiology, clinical features and clinical course of Crohn's disease: a study of 60 cases].

The authors present their experience with the follow-up of 60 cases of Crohn's disease, from 1970 until 1998, in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais state, a county of the Southeast region of Brazil, and analyse the epidemiology of disease to improve the understanding of its behaviour in the country. The incidence rates increased greatly in the last 28 years. In the group studied 53.3% were men, 90% white, 71.7% non-smokers, 93.3% non-alcoholics, and all, but two, lived in urban area; 58.3% had their symptoms started at the age between 11 and 30 years and 30% were in the second decade of life. Relatives with Crohn's disease were seen in 6.7%, and the most common symptoms observed at the beginning of disease were: abdominal pain (78.3%), diarrhea (68.3%), weight loss (26.7%) and small bowel obstruction or localized peritonitis (15%). The ileum was involved in 90% and five cases (8.3%) with lesions restricted to the colon were observed. Two patients died because they were non-responders despite any therapy schedule and had sepsis after surgery. The effect of several substances used in the treatment is described, being prednisone the most effective in controlling the active disease. Other drugs as aminosalicilates, metronidazol and immunomodulators are also considered to avoid the side-effects of long-term use of steroides. Comments are made about the clinical evolution, surgeries and response to many treatments adopted. The authors conclude that Crohn's disease is increasing its incidence rate in Brazil and probably in South America formerly considered as a region of low frequency.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hyperlipemic pancreatitis: clinical course].

Acute pancreatitis is one of the complications associated with severe primary and secondary hypertriglyceridemia. The frequency of hypertriglyceridemia in patients with pancreatitis ranges from 4 to 53%. The elevation in serum triglycerides probably induces the release of free fatty acids, responsible for the pancreatic damage. During a three year study, nine patients with acute pancreatitis due to hypertriglyceridemia were followed up at the University Hospital of Federal University and at the "Hospital Monte Sinai" (Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil). Suggestive clinical manifestations, especially superior abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and ileus, were found in all the patients; however, only three showed elevated serum amylase levels. All had triglyceride levels above 1000 mg/dl (11.3 mmol/L). The evolution after clinical treatment was good in eight patients (two needed parenteral nutrition). The only death observed was due to shock and acute respiratory distress, refractory to clinical management. The maintenance treatment aimed at withdrawing the predisposing conditions and reduction of the triglyceride levels prevented recurrence of acute pancreatitis episodes during the 23 months of follow-up.

Acute Disease↗