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Biomedical subjects

M H Hambling

Publications and source records attributed to M H Hambling.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Prevalence of hepatitis B markers in patients and staff in a hospital for the mentally handicapped.

Patients and staff at a hospital for the mentally handicapped were screened for markers of infection with hepatitis B virus. Of 436 patients, 14 (3.2%) were carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), of whom four were carriers of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and were considered to be 'infectious'. One-quarter of the patients had markers of hepatitis B infection. Males were four times more likely to have markers than females; and 13 of the 14 carriers of HBsAg were male. Patients with Down's Syndrome (DS) were six times more likely to be HBsAg positive, but were not more likely to have markers of infection than other patients. Phenytoin therapy did not predispose to carriage of HBsAg. Of 439 staff members, 26 (5.9%) had markers of hepatitis B infection. It was not considered that staff were at increased risk of infection with hepatitis B virus at the hospital, and that post-exposure prophylaxis for hepatitis B should continue. It is suggested that patients with DS who are not immune to hepatitis B should be offered immunization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Detection of rubella-specific IgM in subclinical rubella reinfection in pregnancy.

Seven cases of asymptomatic rubella reinfection in early pregnancy are described. In each, there was a history of exposure to a rubelliform illness and low levels of rubella-specific IgM subsequently appeared in the serum. Four of the women had been immunised, after having been shown to be susceptible to rubella, one had been immunised at school without previous antibody screening, and two were uncertain about immunisation. One pregnancy was terminated and rubella virus was not isolated from the products of conception. Six pregnancies went to term and the infants showed no evidence of intrauterine infection. In a further case it was impossible to discriminate between reinfection and primary infection, and termination of pregnancy was offered.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Placental and fetal pathology in Coxsackie virus A9 infection: a case report.

A 27-year-old patient contracted a Coxsackie virus A9 meningitis at 33 weeks gestational age. Two weeks later a macerated female stillborn infant was delivered. The placenta showed a diffuse perivillous fibrin deposition with villous necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration and yielded Coxsackie virus A9 on culture. Post-mortem examination of the fetus showed only minimal inflammatory changes in the cardiac connective tissue and the subarachnoid space.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Efficiency of the use of pock size on the chorioallantoic membrane of fertile hen's eggs as a method of typing herpes simplex viruses.

One hundred and eighteen herpes simplex virus isolates were typed in a diagnostic virology laboratory using their standard procedure by pock size on the chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) of fertile hen's eggs. Forty-three were typed as type 1 and 75 as type 2. The isolates were then sent to a research laboratory in which they were typed blind, with or without subsequent passage in tissue culture, by neutralization with type-specific antisera. Discrepant results were found with only two isolates. The isolates were then typed by the more time-consuming but unambiguous method of restriction endonuclease analysis of their DNAs. Typing by this method confirmed the typing by neutralization and established that typing by pock size on CAMs was correct in about 98% of cases.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cytomegalovirus infection and Alzheimer's disease.

Serum antibody titres to cytomegalovirus (CMV) were measured in 113 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 39 non-demented controls suffering from chronic functional psychoses. AD patients and controls had similar CMV antibody titres, and conventional CMV activity was not detected in post-mortem samples from eight AD patients. It is therefore unlikely that the CMV play any causal role in most cases of AD. The possession of the histocompatibility antigen HLA-B15 was significantly correlated with raised levels of CMV antibody in the AD patients, which suggests that HLA-B15 may be associated with an enhanced immune response to CMV.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Serum beta 2-microglobulin and C reactive protein concentrations in viral infections.

Serum beta 2-microglobulin concentrations were assayed in a number of virus diseases. Infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus, and influenza A were associated with pronounced increases in serum beta 2-microglobulin concentration. Smaller increases, with values generally less than 4 mg/l, were noted in other viral infections. Apart from in acute influenza A, the C reactive protein and beta 2-microglobulin responses were not associated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of human rotavirus in stools.

A simple method for the detection of human rotavirus in stools is described, using a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Polysterene microtitre plates were used as solid phase. Four capture antibodies were tried, bovine, egg-derived, guinea pig and monoclonal antibody to rotavirus. Both bovine and egg-derived antirotavirus labelled with horseradish peroxidase were used as the detecting antibodies. The results obtained were compared with a commercially available ELISA, Rotazyme (Abbott Laboratories), and also with the direct detection of rotavirus by electron microscopy. Bovine antibody was found to be an unsuitable capture antibody due to non-specific false positive reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Serological studies on 40 cases of mumps virus infection.

The results of serological study of 40 cases of mumps virus infection are presented. Mumps virus was isolated from 20 of the patients studied and antibodies to the V antigen, the S antigen, and the haemagglutination antigen were performed in all cases. Analysis of these results shows that estimation of all three types of antibody is necessary to confirm the diagnosis in the maximum number of instances and that the long-accepted view that a characteristic pattern of antibody response is typical of the acute illness (namely, anti-S appearing earlier and in greater titre than anti-V) is questionable.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Isolation of chlamydiae in untreated and Cytochalasin B treated McCoy cells.

A comparison was made between untreated McCoy cells and McCoy cells treated with Cytochalasin B for the isolation of chlamydiae of subgroup A. Chlamydiae were isolated in both cell systems from 125 specimens, whereas six agents were isolated only in untreated cultures and seven agents were isolated only in Cytochalasin B treated cultures.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1978

Routine use of counter-immunoelectrophoresis test for detecting antibody to hepatitis B virus core antigen.

Tests by counter-immunoelectrophoresis for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) were introduced into a routine testing programme for evidence of hepatitis B virus infection. Samples tested for anti-HBc were selected on the basis of the results of tests for HBsAg and clinical details. The sensitivity and specificity of the test were assessed and correlations made with the presence of HBsAg. The presence of anti-HBc was very useful in the interpretation of a doubtful positive result for HBsAg in the haemagglutination test. With very few exceptions the serum samples positive for HBsAg by routine tests also contained anti-HBc. It is concluded that the test is valuable and merits introduction into routine testing programmes.

Antibodies, Viral↗