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Biomedical subjects

M Guslandi

Publications and source records attributed to M Guslandi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Gastric microcirculation and bicarbonate production in heavy smokers.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of chronic cigarette smoking on gastric mucosal blood flow and bicarbonate secretion. METHODS: Three groups, each consisting of eight dyspeptic patients with normal endoscopic features, were studied: group A contained non-smokers, group B light smokers (< 10 cigarettes/day) and group C heavy smokers (> 10 cigarettes/day). Blood flow was measured in the gastric antrum by laser-Doppler flowmetry, and basal bicarbonate secretion was determined in fasting gastric juice by the method of Feldman. RESULTS: Both mucosal blood flow and bicarbonate secretion were significantly reduced (P < 0.01) in group C. CONCLUSION: In heavy smokers, gastric mucosal perfusion and alkali production are impaired. This can contribute to the noxious effects of smoking on the gastric mucosa. It remains to be determined whether these effects of smoking are causally related.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Colloid bismuth versus famotidine in the treatment and prevention of duodenal ulcer relapse: results of a double-blind, double dummy randomized study.

Fifty-three consecutive patients with active duodenal ulcer (DU) were randomly included in a double-blind, double-dummy study to test the healing and relapsing rate of two treatment regimens: famotidine 40 mg nocte for 4-8 weeks, followed by 20 mg for 12 months after healing of the ulcer and colloidal bismuth (CBS) (240 mg bid) for 4-8 weeks, followed by placebo maintenance treatment. The results of the short term period confirmed the efficacy of CBS in healing DU (24/25 in CBS group and 19/23 in famotidine group). However, the relapse rate in the CBS-treated group was higher (77.8% at 12 months) than in the famotidine group (35.7%) (p = 0.041). Only 7 patients (41.2%) were cleared from Helicobacter pylori (HP) after CBS treatment. In conclusion, the high relapse rate observed in CBS treated patients may be related to the high percentage of patients with HP infection in the tested group and support the hypothesis that lack of efficacy of CBS in preventing DU recurrence is related to its poor eradication of HP.

Antacids↗
PubMed1995

Rectal blood flow in ulcerative colitis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the state of local blood flow in ulcerative colitis. METHODS: Rectal blood flow was measured by means of laser Doppler flowmetry during endoscopy in 20 patients with active or inactive ulcerative colitis and in 20 healthy controls. RESULTS: A significant (p < 0.01) reduction in the values of rectal perfusion was observed in ulcerative colitis patients both in active phase and in clinical and endoscopic remission. CONCLUSIONS: Impaired local blood flow may have a pathogenetic role in ulcerative colitis. Remission of the disease is not accompanied by normalization of local microcirculation, which may predispose to relapses.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Sucralfate gel for symptomatic chronic gastritis: multicentre comparative trial versus sucralfate suspension.

The object of this study was to compare the efficacy of a new sucralfate gel formulation and the standard sucralfate suspension in the treatment of chronic gastritis. This multicentre randomized trial included 368 dyspeptic patients with endoscopic features of histologically confirmed chronic gastritis. Patients were randomized to a six week treatment with either 1 g bid sucralfate gel or 1 g qid sucralfate suspension. Endoscopic and histological assessment plus urease test for Helicobacter pylori were performed at 0 and 6 weeks. Clinical evaluation of symptoms were obtained at 0, 3 and 6 weeks. Results showed that both treatments were equally effective in promoting symptom relief, in inducing endoscopic and histological healing or in the improvement of the lesions. Therefore sucralfate gel is as effective as the standard preparation in the treatment of chronic gastritis, with the advantage that its b.i.d. administration improves patients' compliance.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

[The clinical pharmacological profile of pinaverium bromide].

Pinaverium bromide is a locally acting spasmolytic agent of the digestive tract. Its mechanism of action relies upon inhibition of calcium ion entrance into smooth muscle cells (calcium-antagonist effect). In humans pinaverium facilitates gastric emptying and decreases intestinal transit time in patients with constipation. Pinaverium is very effective in improving symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (abdominal pain, gas, diarrhea or constipation). In this respect the drug proved to be significantly superior to placebo, at least as effective as trimebutine and on the whole more active than otilonium and prifinium bromide, being always extremely well tolerated.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Mucosal blood flow in erosive duodenitis.

Erosive duodenitis is a clinical entity whose pathogenesis is still obscure. Acid secretion is mostly normal, while the possible role of vascular factors has been suggested. We measured mucosal blood flow by means of laser Doppler velocimetry during endoscopy in the duodenal bulb of 10 subjects with erosive duodenitis, 10 duodenal ulcer patients, and 10 healthy controls. Duodenal blood flow in erosive duodenitis was significantly reduced (p < 0.001) compared with controls, whereas no changes were detected in duodenal ulcer. Reassessment of mucosal blood flow after a 6-week treatment with ranitidine failed to show any increase in the perfusion values even in patients with endoscopic healing. Our results suggest that impaired mucosal blood flow is a primary factor in the pathogenesis of chronic duodenal erosions.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1993

Congestive gastropathy versus chronic gastritis: a comparison of some pathophysiological aspects.

In order to investigate some pathophysiological aspects of the two diseases, 15 patients with congestive gastropathy and 15 with chronic gastritis have been studied and compared with 15 healthy controls. Gastric blood flow as determined during endoscopy by means of laser Doppler flowmetry was found to be significantly increased (p < 0.001) in congestive gastropathy, whereas a significant reduction (p < 0.001) was noted in chronic gastritis. On the other hand, Helicobacter pylori was detected in 80% of cases in chronic gastritis, while the prevalence of the microorganism in congestive gastritis was similar to that in healthy controls. It is concluded that chronic gastritis and congestive gastropathy are related to different pathogenetic factors and require different therapeutic approaches.

Chronic Disease↗