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Biomedical subjects

M Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to M Gupta.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Four quadrant fine needle aspiration cytology for the detection of benign proliferative breast lesions accompanying breast carcinoma.

Forty-eight patients with breast carcinoma were subjected to four quadrant fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology examination of the ipsilateral and contralateral breast in an attempt to detect any accompanying benign proliferative lesion. Mastectomy of ipsilateral and open biopsy of contralateral breast provided material for histopathological study. Cytological evidence of epithelial proliferation was found in 8 (16.6%) cases which included atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH), lobular neoplasia in-situ (LNIS), atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), and proliferative disease without atypia (PDWA). In lobular proliferative lesions, cytological smears showed configurations of cells that resembled filled up or expanded lobular units. The cytology was not distinctive enough to distinguish the sub-types of lobular proliferations. Likewise, the presence of ductal alterations could be suggested by cytological study but the distinction of proliferative disease without atypia (PDWA) from atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) was not possible on a cytological basis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to porcine zona pellucida-3 alpha glycoprotein.

All 10 monoclonal antibodies generated reacted with deglycosylated ZP3 alpha both in ELISA and Western blots, thereby suggesting that these do not recognize carbohydrate determinants. Moreover, 7 antibodies (MAs -402, -403, -405, -412, -420, -421 and -423) recognized reduced and carboxyamidomethylated ZP3 alpha in Western blot suggesting that these antibodies recognized linear epitopes. The epitopes recognized by MAs -410, -413 and -425 were sequential or conformational, stabilized by disulphide bonds. Three antibodies namely, MA -405, -420 and -421 inhibited in vitro, zona lysis by trypsin.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Bioessay with brine Artemia to predict antibacterial and pharmacologic activity].

The Brine Shrimp Test (BST) is a simple and inexpensive method to test cytotoxity, to biodirect phytochemical fractionation of natural products and as a predictor for antitumor and pesticidal activity. In this work, the BST test, an antibacterial test and the rat hippocratic screening test were used on 25 plant extracts and fractions, to evaluate the correlation, if any, between the BST and the others. Preliminary results show that the BST is not a predictor of antibacterial activity nor the hippocratic screening test.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

An engineered mutant of vaccinia virus DNA topoisomerase I is sensitive to the anti-cancer drug camptothecin.

Although highly homologous to the other eukaryotic type I DNA topoisomerases, vaccinia virus DNA topoisomerase I is distinct in its resistance to the anti-cancer drug camptothecin. After comparison of available sequences of sensitive and resistant type I topoisomerases, the aspartic acid at position 221 of vaccinia virus topoisomerase I is mutated to a valine. The resulting mutant protein is partially active. In contrast to the wild type enzyme, the relaxation of supercoiled DNA is inhibited by camptothecin. Its cleavage reaction with DNA is enhanced by camptothecin due to inhibition of religation of DNA. This demonstrates that even though the size of vaccinia virus is only about one-third that of the other camptothecin-sensitive topoisomerases, it has a potential interaction site for camptothecin.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Effects of exercise training and diabetes on cardiac myosin heavy chain composition.

This study determined whether the beneficial effects of exercise training on the diabetic heart previously observed are associated with alterations in ventricular myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform composition. Diabetes was induced in rats by i.v. streptozotocin. Trained rats were run on a treadmill for 60 min/day, 27 m/min, 10% grade. After 10 wks, ventricular MHC isoenzyme protein composition was analyzed for MHC composition using gel electrophoresis. alpha-MHC and beta-MHC mRNA were determined by Northern and slot blot hybridization techniques. Both protein and mRNA analyses indicated that sedentary control rats exhibited a predominance of alpha-MHC. Sedentary diabetics exhibited a shift to beta-MHC. Exercise trained diabetic rats showed a predominance of beta-MHC. The results indicate that treadmill exercise training of diabetic rat does not prevent the diabetes-induced shift in MHC composition towards the beta-MHC isoform, thus it is unlikely that the beneficial effects of exercise training on the diabetic heart, previously shown, are due to a normalization of the myosin isoform composition.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Isolation and characterization of a rat ventricular cDNA expressed specifically in cardiac and skeletal muscles.

We describe the isolation of a novel cDNA named Myomy and show that its transcripts are present in skeletal and cardiac muscles as well as in differentiated Sol 8 skeletal muscle cell line. Sequence analysis revealed that neither nucleotides nor deduced protein product have any significant homology to those previously described. The encoded protein of Myomy cDNA consists of 76 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 8,000 dalton. Based on its muscle specific expression, low abundance and a higher occurrence of SP(T)XX, S(T)S(T)XX motifs, we suggest that Myomy encodes a new muscle specific transcription factor.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Preparation nutritional value and acceptability of barley rabadi--an indigenous fermented food of India.

Rabadi fermentation of barley flour-buttermilk mixture (fresh and autoclaved) at 30, 35 and 40 degrees C for 6, 12, 18, 24 and 48 h lowered pH, enhanced titratable acidity and did not change fat and total mineral (Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and P) content. Protein content of fermented fresh as well as autoclaved barley flour-buttermilk mixture either decreased or remained unchanges. Rabadi prepared from both types of barley flour at different temperatures and time periods was acceptable; but that which was fermented at 40 degrees C for 48 h was less acceptable in terms of taste.

Fats↗
PubMed1992

Rabadi fermentation of wheat: changes in phytic acid content and in vitro digestibility.

Fermentation of raw as well as autoclaved wheat flour with buttermilk at 30, 35 and 40 degrees C for 6, 12, 18, 24 and 48 h significantly decreased the level of phytic acid; maximum decrease was observed at 40 degrees C for 48 h. Starch as well as protein digestibility (in vitro) improved with an increase in temperature and period of fermentation. Phytic acid had a significant (P less than 0.05) negative correlation with digestibility (in vitro) of both starch and protein of rabadi.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effect of successful treatment with amphotericin B on Histoplasma capsulatum variety capsulatum polysaccharide antigen levels in patients with AIDS and histoplasmosis.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of induction and maintenance treatment with amphotericin B on levels of Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum polysaccharide antigen (HPA) in the urine and blood of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and disseminated histoplasmosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of the effect of amphotericin B treatment on levels of HPA in the urine or serum from 70 patients with AIDS and disseminated histoplasmosis. All patients received initial intensive induction treatment with amphotericin B, and a subset continued to receive amphotericin B at less frequent intervals for maintenance therapy to prevent relapse. Treatment regimens varied in intensity and duration and specimens were obtained at irregular intervals. Urine and serum specimens were stored and retested for HPA in the same radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: HPA levels in serum decreased by at least 2 units during induction therapy in all 19 (100%) patients with initial levels of greater than or equal to 2.6 units and reverted to negative in 40.9% of those with initial levels of greater than or equal to 1.0 unit. HPA in urine decreased by at least 2 units in 84.8% and reverted to negative in 17.3% of patients. During induction treatment, HPA cleared more rapidly from serum than from urine. During maintenance treatment, HPA levels in serum decreased by at least 2 units in 100% and became negative in 66.7%. HPA in urine decreased by at least 2 units in 54.5% and reverted to negative in 20.0%. Rates of clearance of HPA from the serum and urine were similar, 0.01 unit/week compared with -0.04 unit/week, respectively, but less than rates during induction treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Successful therapy of histoplasmosis with amphotericin B is associated with reduction of HPA in body fluids. Periodic measurement of HPA levels offers a method for monitoring the response to therapy and for comparing new treatments for histoplasmosis.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

Epidermoid cyst in association with subcutaneous meningioma.

A 17-year-old female presented with a non-tender, firm and fixed swelling in the right frontal region. Skull x-rays revealed soft tissue shadow and mild hyperostosis of the underlying frontal bone. Histopathological examination after excision showed it to be a meningioma with an epidermoid cyst.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Paediatric burns in Jaipur, India: an epidemiological study.

This retrospective review contains 127 paediatric burns up to 14 years of age admitted to the Burn Unit of the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, SMS. Medical College, Jaipur over a period of 1 year from January 1990. Epidemiological data include age, sex, seasonal variation, place of burn, family size, economic status, period of time between the accident and admission to hospital. The cause and mode of burn, the relationships between mortality and age, cause of burn and extent of burn are discussed. Most of the burn injuries occurred in the winter months between December and March. Males were affected predominantly. The majority of the burns occurred at home. Most of the patients belonged to the low socioeconomic strata and were members of medium or large size families. The commonest causes of injury were scalds in children under 5 years of age and flames in the older children. The overall mortality was 19.68 per cent.

Adolescent↗