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Biomedical subjects

M Guillot

Publications and source records attributed to M Guillot.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[The anconeus muscle. Anatomical and electromyographic study].

Since Duchenne de Boulogne's study, controversial statements are made about anconeus muscle. The authors presented an anatomical study from 10 cadavers and an electromyographic study from 10 examinations performed on 10 living subjects 18 to 47 years old. The authors found that anconeus muscle was an extensor of the elbow, a pronator of the forearm and that this muscle mobilized the ulna upward in adduction playing a role in the stabilisation of the elbow in various movements and in the ulnar deviation of the wrist. Finally the anconeus muscle might be considered an active lateral ligament of the elbow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Equilibrium disorders, vertigo and nystagmus induced by maximal deviation of gaze. Role of extra-ocular proprioception].

The behavior of 64 normal subjects was studied after they had been submitted to excentric lateral ocular fixation of gaze of more than 40 degrees for periods of one the three minutes. A significant proportion developed vertigo, slow segmental deviations and nystagmus. Nystagmus appearing during gaze fixation (physiological nystagmus of extreme lateral gaze) was distinguished from nystagmus in the opposite direction which appeared after cessation of fixation and was named "post-fixation nystagmus". The possible role of proprioceptive receptors in the extra-ocular muscles is discussed and a hypothesis proposed of an oculo-oculogyric reflex possibly through the vestibular nuclei and influencing the control mechanisms of posture and balance.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of three low-nitrogen diets containing essential amino acids and their alpha analogues for severely uremic children.

Six infants, 4.5 to 19 months old, whose creatinine clearance was less than 6 ml/min/1.73 m2 received, successively, three low-nitrogen diets. Diet A contained 9.3 g of human milk protein; and diet B, 4.2 g of human milk protein plus synthetic essential amino acids. Diet C was the same as B except that five essential amino acids were replaced by alpha-keto and hydroxy analogs. Serum urea decreased as the infants were transferred from diet A to diets B and C, and the serum urea/creatinine ratio decreased from diet A to diet B and from diet B to diet C. Urea appearance was 14.8 +/- 4.5, 9.1 +/- 4.3, and 6.9 +/- 1.7 mmoles/day, with diets A, B, and C, respectively. Weight gain was also lowest with diet C, as was the difference between nitrogen intake and urea nitrogen appearance, an indicator of nitrogen balance. Plasma free amino acids were not modified by diets A and B, but valine, leucine, and the plasma free essential amino acid pool decreased significantly with diet C.

Amino Acids, Essential↗
PubMed1983

[Study of 213 cases of multiple sclerosis treated with azathioprine from 1967- to 1982].

Effects of azathioprine, 150 mg per day on average, were studied in 213 patients with multiple sclerosis. Thirty-eight case reports were excluded from the final analysis due to lack of continuous treatment (22 cases) or of complete data (16 cases). The 175 patients followed up regularly for a mean of 10 years had received the drug for from 6 months to 15 years (mean approximately 4 years). The treatment was generally well tolerated and there were no irreversible side effects. Results for the different parameters studied, when compared with those in untreated controls, showed the following features: for patients with the remittent form of MS: a statistically significant increase in cases showing no further progression, a reduced frequency of attacks (increased during spontaneous evolution of the affection), a significantly lower incidence of cases that became progressive in nature, and a general improvement in disability score at the end of follow-up. The course of the disease appeared to be more severe before treatment than in untreated cases. In patients with the progressive form of MS (47 cases) the ratio of total disability scores to number of years of observation was reduced in treated when compared with control patients, whereas this ratio was similar in both groups before treatment. General improvement in scores was therefore definitely related to treatment. These findings are in agreement with those of our 1978 study (Aimard, Confavreux et al.) and of others using the same protocol (Oger et al., and Rosen).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Azathioprine↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and vitamin D binding protein losses in thirteen children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Thirteen children, 6 females, 7 males, aged 2 to 13 years were studied. At the time of study they were on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for 1 to 22 months. 25-(OH)D loss in daily dialysate fluids represented 2 to 22 micrograms/day. A significant correlation was found between 25-(OH)D plasma concentration and 25-(OH)D dialysate concentration. 25-(OH)D clearance was correlated to 25-(OH)D binding protein clearance (p less than 0.001). These findings of important 25-(OH)D losses in the dialysate fluid of children on CAPD demonstrate the necessity of carefully adapted vitamin D intakes with such a treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Hemolymphangioma of the orbit in children].

Orbital hemolymphangiomas are extremely rare. Clinical and computed tomographic brain scan aspects mimic "inflammatory orbital pseudotumors". They frequently fluctuate in size with upper respiratory tract infections and may bleed, causing acute exophthalmos. Therapeutic approach remains difficult as complete surgical excision is always impossible and postoperative complications frequent with acute inflammatory relapses and/or hemorrhages. We describe 2 children with orbital lymphangiomas presenting as orbit tumors.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Deformation and orientation of red blood cells in a simple shear flow. Theoretical study and approach at small angle light scattering.

On the basis of a simple theoretical model representing the rheological behaviour of the erythrocyte membrane, the authors have proceeded with a theoretical and experimental investigation on the light-scattering diagrams at small angles of normal red blood cells subjected to Couette flow. The results show that the light-scattering diagrams take into account not only cell deformation, but also cell orientation. The prospects for applying this method to the analytical separation of cells with different deformabilities are considered.

Biophysical Phenomena↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of the idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Most of the paediatric patients presenting with nephrotic syndrome (NS) have a nephrosis (minimal glomerular changes with or without focal lesion NS) and most of them are characterized by a clear-cut steroid response: a complete remission is rapidly obtained with high dose of glucocorticoids. Many of them, however, relapse during or after the treatment's withdrawal. Most often, these patients can be managed for several years with long-term alternate-day steroid therapy. Alkylating agents must be used exclusively when the doses of steroids required result in severe toxicity. In other types of NS (steroid resistant nephrosis, membranous and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritides) the efficiency of drugs is not established. Whatever the cause for the NS, adequate supportive therapy is necessary. The constant aim is to allow the patient a normal physical, school and social activity.

Alkylating Agents↗