Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Gruber

Publications and source records attributed to M Gruber.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Hormonal control of vitellogenin synthesis in avian liver.

Estradiol induces the synthesis of vitellogenin in the avian liver. We describe the precursor-product relationship between vitellogenin and the yolk proteins phosvitin and lipovitellin. The high rate of vitellogenin synthesis is a consequence of the accumulation of a stable messenger RNA. We suggest that estradiol acts at the level of the genome by opening a hitherto non-transcribed gene.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characterization of a novel model of pancreatic fibrosis and acinar atrophy.

Significant fibrosis and acinar atrophy are characteristics of chronic pancreatitis; however, because of the lack of a reproducible model, early phases of these changes are poorly understood. We have developed a model of severe hyperstimulation and obstruction pancreatitis (SHOP) to better define the mechanisms of early pancreatic fibrogenesis. Sprague-Dawley rats were used and SHOP was induced by complete pancreatic duct obstruction and daily cerulein hyperstimulation (50 microg/kg intraperitoneally). Animals were killed at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. Control animals underwent sham operation and received no cerulein. Pancreata were prepared for hematoxylin and eosin and sirius red (collagen-specific) staining and for hydroxyproline assay (measure of total collagen content). We found moderate amounts of edema and inflammation but minimal parenchymal necrosis. Significant loss of acinar cell mass was noted by 48 hours, and normal acinar cells were essentially absent by 96 hours. Tissue collagen content increased with time and large amounts of interstitial collagen were detected by 72 hours. In conclusion, SHOP is a novel model of early pancreatic fibrosis associated with minimal necrosis and a significant decrease in acinar cell mass, making it an ideal model to study the early cellular mechanisms of pancreatic fibrogenesis.

Amylases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Electrocautery and patients with implanted cardiac devices.

Implanted cardiac devices, pacemakers, and automatic cardioverter/defibrillators are becoming more common in the general population. There are more than one-half million persons with pacemakers living in North America, and approximately 20,000 patients have received automatic implantable cardioverter/defibrillators. As pacemaker and defibrillator patients experience common gastrointestinal afflictions, it is likely that more will require endoscopic procedures. Appropriate precautions must be undertaken during electrosurgical procedures in order to avoid damage and interruption of pacemaker/defibrillator devices. Through careful assessment, intervention, and discharge planning, the GI nurse and associate can reduce electrosurgical risks to the gastrointestinal patient with an implanted cardiac device. Specific recommendations for preprocedure patient assessment and intraprocedure interventions are discussed, and an actual case is presented to illustrate a successful plan of care.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Call me what I am.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Endoscopy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case-control study to examine the influence of maternal perinatal behaviors on the incidence of Crohn's disease.

This case-control study, which examines maternal perinatal characteristics and behaviors during pregnancy, was an initial step to determine whether an association exists between breast feeding, oral contraceptive use, smoking habits during pregnancy, and the incidence of Crohn's disease. The population studied was mothers whose children were diagnosed with Crohn's disease before the age of 22. Population controls were selected by each case mother, who solicited two friends or neighbors with a child of similar age. Case mothers differed significantly on the variables of allergies (p = .05) and family history of inflammatory bowel disease (p = .001). No significant differences were found regarding feeding, oral contraceptives, or smoking. Using a forward step-wise logistic regression method, only family history remained in the equation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Performance of flexible sigmoidoscopy by a clinical nurse specialist.

According to the National Cancer Institute, 138,200 new cases and more than 55,000 deaths from colorectal cancer occurred in the U.S. in 1995. A high percentage of early cancers can be detected by screening asymptomatic persons older than age 50 with a digital rectal exam, fecal occult blood testing, and sigmoidoscopy. Evidence suggests that a decrease in mortality from colorectal cancer is associated with regular screening by sigmoidoscopy in an average risk population. As the population ages, more persons are eligible for colorectal cancer screening. Physician endoscopists are not available in all areas, and changes in reimbursement rates have caused some to discontinue this service. For these reasons, the Veterans Administration Medical Center in Buffalo, NY, developed a Colorectal Cancer Screening Program managed by a gastroenterology Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS). Through study and supervision, the CNS has become proficient in the performance of 60-cm flexible sigmoidoscopic techniques and the diagnosis of multiple colon disorders, including sessile and pedunculated polyps, diverticulosis, tumors, hemorrhoids, and other conditions.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of an outcome/variance tracking tool for sedation and non-surgical procedures.

A large academic cancer center devised a performance improvement plan for special procedures and sedation. A group of interdisciplinary professionals convened to address data collection, complications, and outcomes for non-surgical procedures and sedation. Administrative, medical, and nursing representatives from all areas in which these procedures are performed gathered to assess existing data and data collection methods and to develop an improvement plan. Gastroenterology, pulmonary, diagnostic imaging, intensive care, gynecology, genitourinary, hematology, and anesthesiology specialties were represented. The group was facilitated by staff from the institution's Office of Performance Improvement and co-chaired by an anesthesiologist and a pulmonary specialist. A representative from the Practice Outcomes Department was also an active participant. This article describes group process, design efforts, pilot testing, and analyses for this project. Pilot data are presented as well as a discussion of staff involvement.

Procedural Sedation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colorectal cancer detection and screening.

Colon cancer is a leading cause of death in the United States and is estimated to cause 56,500 deaths during 1998. Most cancers evolve from adenomatous polyps. Screening asymptomatic average-risk individuals is recommended to reduce colorectal cancer mortality by detection and removal of adenomatous polyps.

Algorithms↗