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Biomedical subjects

M Gross

Publications and source records attributed to M Gross.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Comparative study of the effect of cholera toxin and sodium deoxycholate on the paracellular permeability and on net fluid and electrolyte transfer in the rat colon.

1. The effect of deoxycholate and cholera toxin on the transfer of water, sodium, potassium and chloride and on mucosal permeability was studied in perfusion experiments on rat colon in vivo. The influence of both secretagogues on surface morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy. 2. Deoxycholate turned the absorption of water, sodium and chloride to secretion and enhanced potassium secretion. Cholera toxin induced water and sodium secretion, inhibited chloride absorption and enhanced potassium secretion. 3. Deoxycholate increased reversibly the mucosal permeability as measured by the colonic clearance of 51CrEDTA and glucose, whereas cholera toxin decreased the colonic 51CrEDTA clearance. 4. Deoxycholate caused protrusion of the luminal cell surface and an increase of exfoliation of epithelial cells. The epithelial continuity was preserved. The only change induced by cholera toxin was an enhanced mucus extrusion. 5. Our results are consistent with the view that deoxycholate causes fluid secretion by filtration whereas cholera toxin enhances the secretory activity of the epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Construction and identification of bacterial plasmids containing nucleotide sequence for human leukocyte interferon.

Bacterial plasmids containing human leukocyte interferon sequences were constructed and identified. Identification was confirmed by correspondence of the nucleotide sequence with out amino acid sequence of human leukocyte interferon. The finding of bacterial recombinants containing distinct leukocyte interferon sequences is consistent with our purification of different leukocyte interferon species. We conclude that what has been designated human leukocyte interferon is, indeed, a class of homologous proteins. Preliminary indications suggest that their diversity appears to be represented by individual genomic equivalents. Each of the individual species exhibits characteristic activities. The structural modulation of these biological activities has immense significance for understanding the natural role of the interferons and for refining and developing their ultimate therapeutic potential.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1980

Benign osteoblastoma of the jaws: report of three cases.

Three cases of benign osteoblastoma occurring in the jaws are presented along with radiographic and microscopic material. Pain was a consistent symptom reported in each case. It appears that there is no predilection for occurrence in either the mandible or maxilla.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Pseudoepilepsy: a study in adolescent hysteria.

Of 19 adolescents with diagnosed psychogenic seizures, 13 had hysterical convulsions and 4 had amnesiac fugues. Sixteen of the patients were given a diagnosis of hysterical neurosis; 2, process schizophrenia; and 1, borderline psychosis. Thirteen of the patients were initially diagnosed incorrectly as having epilepsy and were treated for an average of 15 months with anticonvulsant medication. The therapist should always consider the possibility of psychogenic factors in children and adolescents who suffer from seizures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effect of beta-blockers on sodium and potassium content of human erythrocytes.

Recently, hyperpotassemia was reported in patients treated with propranolol, but the mechanism has not yet been delineated. We have investigated the effects of various beta-adrenergic blockers and of D-propranolol on the Na+ and K+ distribution intra- and extracellularly in human erythrocytes. K+ loss and Na+ gain by cells was demonstrated at drug concentrations of 10(-4) M or greater. D-Propranolol was more effective than L-propranolol, whereas pindolol was ineffective. Practolol increased Na+ content but did not influence K+. The results suggest that electrolyte redistribution across cell membranes is not a likely explanation for hyperpotassemia in patients treated with propranolol, or for the local anaesthetic effect of this drug.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1979

Transketolase activity in psychiatric patients.

The thiamine status of 42 physically healthy nonalcoholic psychiatric inpatients was evaluated by measuring transketolase activity in a hemolysate of their red blood cells, before and after addition of thiamine pyrophosphate to the hemolysate. Sixteen patients (38%) showed evidence of thiamine deficiency. Five of these patients had received thiamine-containing vitamins for a period of from 2 fo 47 days prior to testing, suggesting that poor nutrition may not fully account for the thiamine deficiency observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A preliminary study of the effect of pyridoxine administration in a subgroup of hyperkinetic children: a double-blind crossover comparison with methylphenidate.

A small sample of six patients with the putative "hyperkinetic syndrome" participated in a research protocol comparing administration of pyridoxine, methylphenidate, and placeboes. The children had had low whole blood serotonin levels and a history of previous responsiveness to methylphenidate. The results of the double-blind clinical evaluation showed trends suggesting that both pyridoxine and methylphenidate were more effective than placebo in suppressing the symptoms of hyperkinesis. Pyridoxine elevated whole-blood serotonin levels, methylphenidate did not. Clinical and laboratory evidence indicated that the pyridoxine effects persisted after the 3-week period when the vitamin had been given in this experimental design.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Benign postinfection polymyositis.

Six patients developed persistent muscular cramps, aching pain, and fatigability after an influenza-like illness. Electromyography showed myopathic changes, although results of routine laboratory investigations were normal in all but one patient, whose serum creatine kinase concentration was slightly increased. All but one of the patients improved: three were asymptomatic within one to two years. The syndrome was probably a benign form of polymyositis.

Adult↗