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Biomedical subjects

M Grimaldi

Publications and source records attributed to M Grimaldi.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Somatostatin and SMS 201-995 reverse the impairment of cognitive functions induced by cysteamine depletion of brain somatostatin.

The involvement of somatostatin in the organization of cognitive functions was studied. We assessed changes in learning and memory processes by studying the effects of cysteamine, a compound that decreases somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in the brain, somatostatin and the potent somatostatin analogue, SMS 201-995, on active avoidance behaviour, assessed with a shuttle box apparatus, or on passive avoidance behaviour. Cysteamine induced a loss of the conditioned active avoidance response acquired after 3 weeks of daily trials. The effect was observed 2 h (-29%) and 4 h (-51%) after cysteamine treatment (300 mg/kg s.c.) and disappeared after 24 h. Intracerebroventricular administration of somatostatin or SMS 201-995 to cysteamine-treated rats significantly reversed the cysteamine effects on the conditioned avoidance responses. Similar results were obtained on passive avoidance behaviour. We also investigated the effect of cysteamine treatment on brain somatostatin-sensitive adenylate cyclase. We observed that adenylate cyclase activity in the frontal cortex of cysteamine-pretreated animals was more sensitive to inhibition by the SRIF analogue, SMS 201-995, than it was in control animals. This effect was observed at concentrations of SMS 201-995 that were ineffective in control tissue. These results show that disruption of somatostatinergic transmission affects cognitive functions of rats.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1988

[Systematic inhibition of the luteinizing hormone with a gonadoliberin analog, triptorelin, during ovarian stimulation for fertilization in vitro. Choice of protocol].

The quality of ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization with or without an LH-RH analogue was investigated in a randomized trial involving 30 women divided into 3 groups. Group I women were treated with the conventional clomiphene citrate-human menopausal gonadotropin combination without LH-RH analogue. Group II women (long regimen) received a slow-release preparation of triptorelin (DTRp6-LH-RH), an LH-RH analogue, and human menopausal gonadotropin. Group II women (short regimen) were given triptorelin with human menopausal gonadotropin. Inhibition of the endogenous luteinizing hormone using triptorelin improved the results of in vitro fertilization in group II and group III women, but the short regimen was distinctly less compelling and less expensive than the long regimen.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Pertussis toxin pretreatment abolishes dihydropyridine inhibition of calcium flux in the 235-1 pituitary cell line.

In the present study we used 235-1 cells, a prolactin secreting clone derived from a pituitary tumor. In these cells maitotoxin, a calcium channels activator, likely acting on voltage sensitive calcium channels, increases intracellular free calcium measured by Quin 2 technique. Maitotoxin stimulation of calcium flux was inhibited both by nicardipine and verapamil in a dose dependent manner. Pertussis toxin pretreatment does not modify maitotoxin activation of calcium channels, while completely abolishes nicardipine inhibition of maitotoxin induced voltage sensitive calcium channels activation, without affecting verapamil effect. These results suggest a possible involvement of a pertussis toxin sensitive G protein in dihydropyridine inhibition of voltage sensitive calcium channels.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Analysis of the correlation between hydrophilic-lipophilic balance, coefficient of diffusion and hydrogen ion concentration in a series of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs].

A thorough investigation on the dependence of rate diffusion constants (Kd) of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on pH and pKa values was carried out. It is shown that a modified multiparametric curve-fitting technique may constitute an useful tool to describe the rate diffusion pH-profiles of ionogenic substances. A comparison between the Kd values and the corresponding distribution coefficients (log D) shows that these constants identify complementary parameters very useful in the study of structure-activity relationships of ionogenic substances.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1987

[Microsurgical treatment of lesions of the proximal segment of the oviduct. Isthmo-ostial reimplantation. Isthmo-ostial anastomosis and isthmo-uterine reimplantation].

The authors, who operated on 187 patients with 277 interstitial sections of the isthmus, describe their microsurgical techniques for isthmo-ostial anastomosis, for isthmo-ostial reimplantation and for isthmo-uterine reimplantation. Histological analysis of the lesions and the anatomical features of the proximal segment of the tube justify their method. Patency is re-established and the results are encouraging. All the same, these partial proximal lesions can be markedly improved with success by medical treatment before operation.

Fallopian Tube Diseases↗
PubMed1985

The effect of early feeding on the onset of symptoms in celiac disease.

The appearance of celiac disease in infancy has often been related to the time when gluten is introduced into the diet, and more recently, to the kind of milk received in the early months. This retrospective study attempts to clarify the relation between breast-feeding and gluten introduction to the onset of symptoms of the disease. One hundred forty-six children with celiac disease, aged from 4 months to 11 years, were studied. The timing and types of feeds were recorded as well as the presenting symptoms of the disease. Data were analyzed by nonparametric statistical methods, as well as by parametric analysis after appropriate transformation. Children breast-fed for 3 months or more showed a marked delay in the onset of the disease and a longer latency time from gluten introduction to onset of disease, when compared with bottle-fed children. This relationship was present for both statistical analyses and was unrelated to the age at gluten introduction into the diet. Onset of disease was positively correlated to the duration of breast-feeding and not related to the age at gluten introduction.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1978

Myelopoietic abnormalities in patients with metastatic carcinoma.

Myelopoiesis was assessed in 41 untreated patients with widespread cancer without evidence of infection. None of these patients had neutropenia, although leukopenia due to decreased concentrations of blood lymphocytes was observed in two. Sixteen patients (39%) had neutrophilia and 12 patients (29%), 5 of them with neutrophilia, had decreased marrow granulocyte reserve. Neither the blood neutrophil counts nor the marrow granulocyte reserve correlated significantly with the marrow myeloid mitotic indices, myeloid to erythroid ratio or the number of marrow colony-forming cells. There was no difference in the duration of the disease, the extent of systemic metastasis and the degree of malnutrition between patients with or without myelopoietic abnormalities. Our findings suggest that decreased marrow granulocyte reserve and neutrophilia are common in untreated patients with disseminated carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Serum selenium and reticuloendothelial tumors.

Serum selenium levels were determined by neutron activation analysis on 59 patients with a variety of reticuloendothelial neoplasms. Correlations were attempted between the widely variable range in the serum concentrations of the trace element with the parameters employed in this study. Therapy, particularly less than six weeks initiation, produced elevations in the serum selenium levels.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Smokers: risks and complications in abdominal dermolipectomy.

Cigarette smoke has many detrimental effects on health, with consequences such as cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, and tumors. In plastic surgery, these effects appear during the wound healing process. This retrospective study showed wound healing in 57 patients who had undergone abdominal dermolipectomy surgery. The patients were divided into two groups: smokers and nonsmokers. According to the results, smokers face a great complication risk for surgical wounds, which cause aesthetically more undesirable scars than observed in nonsmokers. The authors hypothesize that abstinence from smoking for 4 to 12 weeks before surgery would improve the quality of the scars.

Abdominal Fat↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fipexide improvement of cognitive functions in rat: behavioural and neurochemical studies.

Dopamine neurotransmission plays a role in learning, memory and related cognitive processes. We evaluated the effect of a nootropic drug, fipexide, a parachloro-phenossiacetic acid derivative, both on behavioural and biochemical parameters. The compound was able to cause an improved performance on active avoidance test, when administered just before the trial, being also effective on memory retention and recall experiments. Fipexide was also able to revert the impairment of the acquired behaviour caused by sulpiride in pretrained rats, while it failed to be effective on the haloperidol deconditioning effect. Striatal adenylate cyclase activity, from fipexide pretreated rats, was significantly reduced both in basal and dopamine stimulated conditions. Furthermore, fipexide, directly added to membrane preparations, was able to inhibit striatal adenylate cyclase activity. These results, along with our previous reports on fipexide effect on locomotor activity, allow us to hypothesize that the positive effect of this drug on cognitive performance seems to be mediated, at least partially, by dopaminergic neurotransmission.

Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors↗