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Biomedical subjects

M Greiner

Publications and source records attributed to M Greiner.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Laparoscopic enucleation of a renal cell carcinoma.

The purpose of this study was to report on the feasibility of laparoscopic excision of renal cell carcinoma. An 81-year-old female with renovascular disease underwent a laparoscopic excisional operation for a 2-cm tumor localized in the left kidney. Pathological evaluation showed a low-grade tumor without any extension through the renal capsule (grade I Hand Broder, stage I Robson). The postoperative course was uneventful; there was minimal postoperative pain. The patient was discharged home on the sixth day. Laparoscopic excision would appear to be a safe and effective technique in selected cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Construction of an intrinsic cut-off value for the sero-epidemiological study of Trypanosoma evansi infections in a canine population in Brazil: a new approach towards an unbiased estimation of prevalence.

In the serodiagnosis of tropical infectious diseases, cut-off values are often established by using sera from individuals living under moderate climatic conditions, not exposed to the risk of infection (non-endemic controls). This approach guarantees the disease-free status of the individuals within that control group but leads to an assembly of samples which are not representative for the disease-free individuals of the target population (selection bias). Using data from an epidemiological study of Trypanosoma evansi infection in dogs, two alternative methods to construct cut-off values for a T. evansi antibody ELISA are described which are solely based on a distribution analysis of the data from the endemic animals. By cluster analysis these data could be divided into 'high', 'intermediate' and 'low responders'. High responders could also be identified by using the computer-assisted analysis of mixtures (C.A.MAN). Conventional cut-offs were calculated from a group of non-endemic individuals. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to demonstrate the impact of the choice of cut-offs on the test specificity and on the estimated seroprevalence among the endemic population. The data indicate that distribution analysis, especially the mixture analysis (C.A.MAN), are valuable tools for the unbiased estimation of seroprevalence when representative negative controls are not available.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Investigations on naturally occurring Trypanosoma evansi infections in horses, cattle, dogs and capybaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) in Pantanal de Poconé (Mato Grosso, Brazil).

The prevalence of Mal de Cadeiras--Portuguese for Trypanosoma (T.) evansi infections in horses--as well as the prevalence of T.evansi infections in cattle, dogs and free-ranging capybaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) was investigated in Pantanal de Poconé (Mato Grosso, Brazil). In 0.3, 8.6 and 8.0% of the horses, dogs and capybaras, respectively, infection was detected using standard parasitological methods. A seroprevalence of 4.1, 2.3, 7.1 and 22.0% was found in horses, cattle, dogs and capybaras, respectively, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of T.evansi antigen (Ag-ELISA), whereas 9.6, 4.2, 18.6 and 14.0% of the animals investigated were reactive in a T.evansi antibody (Ab-) ELISA. Positive ELISA results ('high responders') were identified using computer-assisted mixture analysis (C.A.MAN). Agglutinating antibodies were detected by the T.evansi card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis (CATT/T.evansi) in 14.6%, 1.3%, 15.7% and 22.0% of the horses, cattle, dogs and capybaras, respectively. A moderate but significant (kappa test; p < 0.05) agreement beyond chance level was observed between Ab-ELISA and CATT results but generally not between antibody and antigen detection tests. Therefore, in an attempt to maximize the information yield of the three serodiagnostic tests, their results were numerically scored (negative = 0, intermediate = 1, positive = 2) and added up to a total score (TS) which was considered indicative for infection when TS > or = 4 (results of the Ag-ELISA received double weight). Estimates of seroprevalence according to TS were 13.2, 4.7, 30.0 and 24.0% for horses, cattle, dogs and capybaras, respectively. Identical isoenzyme profiles, known as zymodeme 58 (T.evansi MCAN/BR/86/H), were found in all T.evansi stocks isolated in the study area (six from dogs, one from a horse and one from a capybara). From the results of this study it can be inferred that Mal de Cadeiras is endemic in Pantanal de Poconé. Although clinical and parasitological findings support the possible role of the capybara as a reservoir host of T.evansi, dogs and cattle--due to their close contact with horses--should rather be regarded as efficient reservoir hosts for Mal de Cadeiras in the study area.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Serologic diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis: the dot-ELISA as a simple alternative to conventional ELISA].

Serology is an important tool for the diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis, since the direct detection of the parasite remains negative in many cases. A dot-ELISA was developed, which can be read without using a photometer. For this purpose assay strips were prepared, which were divided into a control field (staining indicates normal function of reagents) and four reaction fields. The reaction fields were coated with four different concentrations of Leishmania antigen and allowed semiquantitative readings of test results. The comparison of the reactions of 73 sera (20 healthy dogs, 24 dogs with leishmaniasis, 15 dogs with trypanosomiasis and 14 dogs with babesiosis) in the dot-ELISA with the results of a conventional microtiter plate ELISA showed a significant correlation between the two methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Fermentation and isolation of herbicolin A, a peptide antibiotic produced by Erwinia herbicola strain A 111.

Erwinia herbicola (Enterobacter agglomerans), belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae, produces the lipopeptide antibiotics herbicolin A and B, which are active against sterol-containing fungi. Fermentation of these antibiotics was performed in 20-l stirred glass fermentors in a batch process. Best yields of antibiotic production were found at low cultivation temperatures in a TRIS-buffered chemically defined medium. Under these conditions the amount of impurities aggravating the purification was minimized. Isolation was performed by adsorption, and gel and ion exchange chromatographic techniques. In a final purification step preparative high performance liquid chromatography (PHPLC) yielded pure herbicolin A.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Identification of enterobactin and linear dihydroxybenzoylserine compounds by HPLC and ion spray mass spectrometry (LC/MS and MS/MS).

The production of catecholate siderophores was studied in some selected species of Enterobacter (Enterobacteriaceae). The extracted catecholates were separated as iron-free compounds by HPLC on a C18 reversed-phase column using methanol/0.1% phosphoric acid or methanol/0.1% formic acid as a solvent system and identified by ion spray mass spectrometry (LC/MS, MS/MS). Five catecholate compounds were identified which include 2,3-dihydroxybenzoylserine, its linear dimer and trimer, the cyclic enterobactin and an unidentified isomer of enterobactin. In addition, a new large-scale method for the isolation of catecholate siderphores is described which is based on adsorption on XAD-2 and subsequent purification on Sephadex LH20.

Biopolymers↗
PubMed1985

A poison prevention program for new mothers.

A program was developed to teach new parents about poison prevention and to introduce syrup of ipecac into their homes. Although the incidence of accidental poisonings is low in newborns, the objective of the program was to educate the parents before the child reaches the age when poison accidents are more likely to occur. To accomplish this a special packet was created which contained poison prevention literature and a redeemable coupon for a free one ounce bottle of syrup of ipecac. The packets were distributed to the new mothers during the postpartum hospital stay by the obstetrical nursing staff. Over 10,000 new mothers received the packets during a 10-month period. This program was funded by a grant from the Hennepin County Community Health Department and the syrup of ipecac was donated by a local retail pharmacy chain.

Female↗