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Biomedical subjects

M Greenblatt

Publications and source records attributed to M Greenblatt.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Radioprotection of mice by recombinant rat stem cell factor.

Treatment with recombinant rat stem cell factor (rSCF) protects mice from the lethal effects of irradiation. Mice treated with a single dose of rSCF prior to irradiation of up to 1150 rads [given as a split dose (1 rad = 0.01 Gy)] resulted in > 80% long-term survival, whereas a single injection given after the last dose of irradiation was not radioprotective. The combination of pre- and posttreatment (-20 h, -2 h, and +4 h) with rSCF resulted in 100% survival of otherwise lethally irradiated mice. Using this optimum schedule of rSCF administration, a radioprotective factor of 1.3-1.35 was achieved. The major cause of death in the control animals was massive bacteremia consisting of enteric organisms. The rSCF-treated animals had a much lower frequency of septicemia, due primarily to a rapid hematopoietic recovery of bone marrow function not evident in control animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The prevalence of psychotic symptoms in homeless adolescents.

This study was designed to gather data on psychotic symptoms in a sample of homeless adolescents. The sample included adolescents who were located in street sites as well as adolescents who were currently using shelter services. Ninety-six adolescents participated in this study (mean age = 16.1 years). The results indicated that 29% of the sample reported the experience of four or more psychotic symptoms on the Diagnostic Interview Schedule psychotic symptom index. These results suggested that the endorsement of psychotic symptoms is a relatively prominent feature of the self-report of psychopathology among homeless adolescents. These symptoms did not only include reports of paranoid ideation, which may be generally elevated as part of the stress of street life, but also included reports of ideas of reference and auditory hallucinations. Moreover, these symptoms were correlated with reports of affective disturbance, abusive life experience, and a particular type of substance use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Renovascular trauma: risk assessment, surgical management, and outcome.

In an effort to define better the indications for renovascular repair, risk factors for renal loss, and eventual patient outcome, records of 36 patients with 37 renovascular injuries were reviewed. The renal artery alone was injured in nine kidneys, the renal vein alone in 12, and both the main renal vein and artery in six. Segmental vessel injuries alone were noted in ten kidneys. Two patients died before repair could be attempted. Eleven nephrectomies were performed. Vascular repair was attempted in the remaining 24 renal units either as isolated procedures or combined with renal parenchymal repair. Compared to 78 patients with only parenchymal injuries, those with renovascular injuries were more severely injured as assessed by nephrectomy rate, Injury Severity Score, transfusion requirement, number of major complications, and death. Fifteen patients sustained main renal artery injuries of whom six underwent immediate nephrectomy. Nine attempts at repair were performed. Six patients had either persistent thrombosis or preservation of only marginal function. One patient died in the immediate postoperative period of associated injuries. Complete renal preservation was achieved in only two kidneys (14%). Nephrectomy was required for the management of three of 12 main renal vein injuries, but in none of ten patients with segmental vascular injuries.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Residential instability in adolescent inpatients.

The case records of 225 randomly selected adolescent psychiatric inpatients were reviewed to determine prevalence of residential instability. The study also examined the demographic, family composition, life event, and behavior characteristics associated with residential instability. Approximately 30% of the sample had experienced a high rate of residential instability (i.e., from 5 to 20 domicile moves). Analyses indicated that residential instability was associated with a set of characteristics that included caregiver neglect, caregiver abuse, parental separation, multiple hospitalizations, lower IQ, indices of poor impulse control, and antisocial behavior. The possible contribution of residential instability to treatment resistance and the development of antisocial behaviors in some adolescents is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Psychiatric residency, role models, and leadership.

Two hundred fifty ex-fellowship psychiatrists answered a questionnaire on their administrative and other professional experiences during and after residency as part of a study to determine the relationship between psychiatric training experiences and interest in administration. A large majority of subjects had had role models during training. The subjects' interest in administration had grown significantly during residency in the direction of their role models' interest. Postresidency interest in administration was significantly correlated with supervision by a psychiatrist administrator and with the number of hours subjects spent on administrative work.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1986

Hepatic hydrothorax is a relative contraindication to chest tube insertion.

Two patients with known chronic ascites developed new massive right-sided pleural effusions. Chest tube placement led to massive protein and electrolyte depletion and death of both patients. Patients who have cirrhosis and massive right-sided pleural effusions, in general, have congenital diaphragmatic defects that predispose them to life-threatening fluid depletion when chest tubes are inserted. Hepatic hydrothorax is a relative contraindication to chest tube insertion.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

After commissioner, what?

One hundred nine psychiatrists who had been commissioners of state departments of mental health answered a questionnaire about their experiences after being commissioners. Most of these former commissioners got jobs they wanted after leaving the post. Those who experienced "decompression" adjustment difficulties tended to be less satisfied with subsequent jobs and were willing to serve again as commissioner. An important factor in decompression was a sense of loss and depression over having to abandon important unfinished work. The authors speculate that the large-scale opportunities for challenge and mastery characteristic of the job of commissioner are rarely matched in subsequent jobs.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1984

Life at the State summit: views and experiences of 18 psychiatric leaders.

In 1981 the American Psychiatric Association appointed an ad hoc committee to investigate the decline of psychiatrist leadership of public mental health programs. As part of the committee's research, the 18 psychiatrists who were then state commissioners or directors of mental health were surveyed on how they got their jobs and on their backgrounds, present responsibilities, support systems, and future plans. The results of the survey are discussed and presented in tabular format. The psychiatrists surveyed recommended that future commissioners have backgrounds similar to their own, which consisted of a great deal of previous on-the-job experience in mental health administration but little formal training or education in administration; none of the commissioners had obtained APA certification in administrative psychiatry. The commissioners felt they received the most support in their work from their subordinates; among the major groups listed as providing support, APA ranked lowest. The authors discuss the implications of the survey findings as well as issues surrounding the administration of public mental health programs by psychiatrists.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1984

Some ingredients for mental health.

When the body is ailing the mind is soon impaired. Good health practices contribute to longer and better life. A balanced life of work-rest-play is necessary to human health. Psychosocial stresses at any period of life may impair morale and productivity and increase the likelihood of physical or mental disease. Bereavement, separation, divorce, loss of friendship, retirement, loss of self-esteem and symbolic losses contribute significantly to mental and physical ill health. Social and psychological support systems are vital to mental health maintenance. Mature persons evolve principles, values, moral and ethical tenets, philosophic and religious ideals and special codes of conduct to give meaning to their lives. The basic needs of survival and procreation must be integrated with moral precepts relating to interindividual behavior so as to give a person a feeling of self-worth, which is an indispensable element in mental health.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Social networks and mental health: on overview.

Research has shown that social networks can act as social support systems to promote mental health and buffer psychological stress. In this selective review the authors illuminate patterns and characteristics of social networks that maintain health and help prevent illness, explore the relationship between social networks and the course and outcome of treatment for mental illness, and describe clinical network interventions that have been used to facilitate inpatient care and maximize performance of ex-patients in the community. The authors also discuss the implications of research findings for mental health practice.

Community Mental Health Services↗