A works information system to support cost effective management.
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Computers↗
Biomedical subjects
M Green
Publications and source records attributed to M Green.
Phase II trial of spirogermanium in advanced renal cell carcinoma: a Cancer and Leukemia Group B study.
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Small airways, lung function and aviation.
The anatomy, physiology and functional assessment of small airways and their relevance to aviation is reviewed. Small airways normally contribute little to lung function, and they can become extensively and irreversibly damaged, or even closed, before clinical deterioration is evident. Small airways disease does, however, produce typical and reproducible changes in spirogram, flow volume, and closing volume measurements. Minor abnormalities of respiratory function, inconsequential at sea level, can substantially reduce arterial oxygen saturation at high altitude. Aircrew with pulmonary disease could also be severely affected by loss of pressure, causing significant hypoxia. Stress during flight may exacerbate airways obstruction, especially in asthmatics. The hypoxia resulting from these situations could seriously compromise in-flight performance. Peak flow, FEV1, and FVC measurements are recommended for civilian air crew prior to employment and at routine intervals thereafter.
Aerospace Medicine↗
Partial purification and properties of a murine plasmacytoma glucosyltransferase.
The enzyme UDP-glucose:dolichylphosphate glucosyltransferase has been purified 1700-fold from MOPC-315 plasmacytoma tissue. The purification combines differential detergent extraction of purified rough endoplasmic reticulum with subsequent ion exchange chromatography, dye affinity chromatography, and hydroxylapatite chromatography of the extract. The partially purified glucosyltransferase exhibits a Km of 0.79 microM for UDP-Glc and a Km of 0.65 microM for dolicholphosphate in the presence of 4 mg/ml of phosphatidylcholine. The reaction is dependent upon the addition of exogenous dolicholphosphate. The enzyme is activated by the choline containing lipids phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin. The dye Remazol blue acts as a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme with respect to UDP-Glc. The molecular weight of the enzyme has been determined to be approximately 37,000. The sole reaction product has been identified as dolichylphosphate glucose by isolation of the product by DEAE-cellulose chromatography and subsequent analysis of the acid-hydrolyzed product by both Bio-Gel P2 gel filtration and paper chromatography.
Animals↗
Drug residue formation from ronidazole, a 5-nitro-imidazole. IV. The role of the microflora.
When radioactive 1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole-2-methanol carbamate, ronidazole, labeled at the 4,5-ring positions was administered orally to germ-free and conventional rats, a much larger fraction of the radioactivity was excreted in the feces of the conventional animals. Determination of the total radioactive residues present in the carcass, blood, plasma, liver, fat and kidney 5 days after dosing indicated that the carcass of the germ-free animals contained a greater quantity of residue than that of conventional rats. On the other hand, the blood of the conventional animals contained a much higher level of radioactivity than that of the germ-free animals. These results show that while the microflora influence the distribution of the drug their presence is not obligating for the formation of persistent tissue residues in rats dosed with ronidazole.
Adipose Tissue↗
Simple rule for calculating normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
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Adult↗
Introduction of cloned human papillomavirus genomes into mouse cells and expression at the RNA level.
The entire DNA genomes of five different human papillomaviruses (HPVs) were cloned into the BamHI site of pBR322 (HPV-1a, HPV-3, HPV-4, and HPV-9) or the EcoRI site of pBR325 (HPV-2), using as starting materials virus preparations isolated from papillomas of individual patients. Under stringent hybridization conditions (Tm-28 degrees), the five cloned HPVs exhibited less than 10% homology with one another. To establish model cell systems that may be useful for the identification of HPV genes and HPV gene products, mouse thymidine kinase negative (tk-) cells were cotransformed to the tk+ phenotype with the herpesvirus thymidine kinase gene and each of the five HPV cloned DNAs (either as intact recombinants or excised HPV DNA without removal of pBR). In most tk+ cell clones, a complex pattern of multiple high molecular weight inserts of HPV DNA were present in high copy number. Most of the HPV DNA sequences in the cotransformed cells were not present as unit-length episomal viral DNA. Analyses of the integration pattern (DNA blot) and RNA expression (RNA blot) of several HPV-1a and HPV-3 transformed cell lines suggest that some copies of the viral genome are integrated in a similar manner in different cell lines leading to the expression of identical viral RNA-containing species. Two of the cell lines transformed by the intact HPV-1a/pBR322 recombinant synthesized substantial amounts of four discrete viral polyadenylated cytoplasmic RNA species of 1.9, 3.2, 3.8, and 4.5 kb. Two cell lines transformed by the intact HPV-3/pBR322 recombinant synthesized 4-5 polyadenylated cytoplasmic viral RNA species ranging from 0.8 to 4.6 kb. The analysis shows that each viral RNA species appears to be a hybrid RNA molecule containing both HPV and pBR322 sequences. Based on these findings and the molecular organization of the HPV-1a genome (O. Danos, M. Katinka, and M. Yaniv (1982). EMBO J. 1, 231-237), it is possible that transcription of each of the HPV-1a RNA species is initiated using the HPV early promoter and terminated in pBR322.
Animals↗
Inhibition and facilitation of apparent motion by real motion.
Observers viewed a CRT display which contained both real and apparent motion. When the apparent motion was in the same direction as the real motion, the strength of the apparent motion was enhanced. Real motion in the opposite direction completely cancelled apparent motion. However, the appearance of the real motion was not affected by apparent motion.
Humans↗
Contrast detection and direction discrimination of drifting gratings.
Observers performed simple detection and left/right discrimination of drifting sinusoidal gratings. Ratio of detection to discrimination sensitivities was measured under variations in several experimental parameters. In the first experiment, it was found that combinations of spatial and temporal frequency which resulted in the same velocity produced similar detection-discrimination ratios. At an exposure duration of 800 msec, the relationship between the ratio and velocity described a power function with the intercept at 0.6 sec-1. Decreasing duration shifted the curve to higher velocities. I examined the effect of grating orientation in a second experiment. Visual sensitivity was poorer for oblique than for vertical gratings with detection and discrimination exhibiting similar size anisotropies. In a third experiment, observers viewed gratings presented to different retinal loci. Visual performance in both detection and discrimination fell with greater eccentricity. However, motion discrimination fell more steeply resulting in an increase in the ratio. The results demonstrate that form and motion analyzing mechanisms cannot be distinguished by their response to changes of spatial frequency, orientation or retinal locus.
Discrimination, Psychological↗
Visual masking by flickering surrounds.
Observers detected drifting sine-wave gratings presented in a circular 3 dia test field which was surrounded by a 3.25 degrees wide annulus. Forced choice contrast thresholds were measured with surrounds consisting of a steady field of light or uniform sinusoidal flicker. The flickering surround raised detection thresholds only for gratings with spatial frequencies below 2-4 c/deg. Variations on the basic experiment revealed that: (1) low spatial frequency gratings drifting through the surround masked detection of uniform flicker presented to the center; (2) masking did not depend greatly on the drift rate of the test grating but could not be obtained with stationary targets; (3) flicker restricted to either the top or side borders of the test field was a sufficient condition to produce masking; (4) the size of the masking effect decreased with center-surround separation. These results suggest a destructive interaction between transient mechanisms subserving neighboring regions of the visual field.
Form Perception↗
Early involvement of the bronchi in patients with malignant lymphoma.
Fibreoptic bronchoscopy in previously untreated patients with malignant lymphoma provided diagnostic information in 8 of 25 cases with radiological evidence of intrathoracic involvement. There was a marked difference in the pattern of endobronchial involvement between Hodgkin's Disease (HD) and Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) which specifically infiltrated the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue. Bronchoalveolar lavage was abnormal in only one patient with Hodgkin's Disease in whom the presence of many Sternberg-Reed cells suggested occult dissemination of otherwise localised disease.
Bronchi↗
Effectiveness of antiarrhythmic agents in preventing death in ventricular fibrillation induced by isoprenaline in desoxycorticosterone-pretreated rats.
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Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
Bibliotherapy: a tool to help parents mourn their infant's death.
A hospital in Indianapolis has used the gift of a book, The Bereaved Parent, as part of the follow-up program of support for families whose newborn has died. Through questionnaires sent to bereaved families, the authors gained information to help them assess the value of this "bibliotherapy" and determined that this portion of the follow-up program was worth continuing.
Bibliotherapy↗
Incessant dual supraventricular tachycardia in a child.
A 5-year-old boy was studied because of incessant supraventricular tachycardia. He was shown to have two forms of supraventricular tachycardia each of which could be incessant. The interplay between the two tachycardias caused interesting periodic sequences in the surface electrocardiogram. Our study illustrates the value of careful analysis of the surface P wave morphology and the usefulness of programmed electrical stimulation of the heart in determining the mechanism of tachycardia.
Atrioventricular Node↗
Inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase induction by psoralen plus near ultraviolet light in human cells: the role of monoadducts vs DNA crosslinks.
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Breast Neoplasms↗
Human adenovirus 2 E1B-19K and E1B-53K tumor antigens: antipeptide antibodies targeted to the NH2 and COOH termini.
The human adenovirus 2 (Ad2) transforming region is located in the left 11.1% of the viral genome and encodes two early transcription units, E1A and E1B. Based on the amino acid sequence deduced from the Ad2 E1B DNA sequence (Gingeras et al., J. Biol. Chem. 257:13475-13491, 1982), we have prepared antibodies against synthetic peptides, 8 to 16 amino acids in length, encoded at the NH2 and COOH termini of the major E1B-19K and E1B-53K tumor antigens. The antipeptide antibodies immunoprecipitated the targeted E1B-19K or E1B-53K tumor antigens from extracts of Ad2-infected cells. The specificity of the peptide competition studies. Antipeptide antibodies directed to the NH2 and COOH termini immunoprecipitated the E1B-19K and E1B-53K tumor antigens from two Ad2-transformed rat cell lines, F17 and F4, providing evidence that identical tumor antigens are synthesized in Ad2-infected and Ad2-transformed cells. These results show that the E1B-19K and E1B-53K T antigens are not processed proteolytically at either the NH2 or COOH terminus. Our data provide strong evidence at the protein level that the E1B-19K and E1B-53K tumor antigens partially overlap in DNA sequence, with the E1B-19K initiating translation at the first ATG at nucleotide 1711 in translation reading frame 1 and the E1B-53K tumor antigen initiating translation at the second ATG at nucleotide 2016 in reading frame 3. This confirms the results of others on the N-terminal amino acid sequence of E1B-19K and theoretical deductions based on the DNA sequence. Our findings prove that the large E1B-53K T antigen initiates translation at the second ATG at nucleotide 2016 and not at equally plausible initiation codons located farther downstream at nucleotides 2202 and 2235. Thus, the E1B-53K T antigen is another example of a protein which initiates translation at an internal ATG rather than at the 5'-proximal ATG.
Adenoviruses, Human↗
Thoracoabdominal mechanics during tidal breathing in normal subjects and in emphysema and fibrosing alveolitis.
Thoracoabdominal motion and intrathoracic (oesophageal), intra-abdominal (gastric), and transdiaphragmatic pressures were measured during tidal breathing in 20 erect subjects--six normal, seven, with emphysema, and seven with fibrosing alveolitis. In normal subjects all diameters increased synchronously during inspiration and were accompanied by rises in abdominal and transdiaphragmatic pressures. Five patients with fibrosing alveolitis showed a reduction in upper ribcage motion, but normal lower ribcage and abdominal motion; stiff fibrotic lungs may sometimes impair the ability of the diaphragm to expand the upper ribcage and result in proportionally more expansion of the bases. Four emphysematous patients showed increased anteroposterior motion of the ribcage and four showed paradoxical inward motion of the lower ribcage during inspiration. These changes apparently result from increased activity of intercostal and accessory muscles and altered configuration of the diaphragm. The muscles of patients with large, overinflated lungs are at a greater disadvantage than those with small fibrosed lungs.
Abdomen↗