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Biomedical subjects

M Grayson

Publications and source records attributed to M Grayson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

The CEO experience. TQM/CQI.

The total quality movement is transforming hospital leadership. CEOs are finding that signing on to a TQM or CQI program requires intensive commitment, as well as adjustments to management style and scheduling. And it raises a host of questions about how to initiate and manage such a program--and even what to call it (TQM versus CQI). But CEOs seem ready to accept the challenge. An exclusive Hospitals survey finds that over 60 percent of the CEOs involved in TQM/CQI programs believe their involvement is "the most important thing I've ever done." Still, the proliferation of TQM/CQI in hospitals has created a backlash in the field; Donald Berwick, M.D., the "father" of TQM in health care, explains why.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1988

Keratoacanthoma of the limbus.

Unlike keratoacanthomas occurring on the skin, those found on mucous membranes are decidedly rare. We present two cases of keratoacanthoma of the limbal area.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of isradipine (PN 200-110) in mild to moderate hypertension.

The efficacy and safety of isradipine (PN 200-110), a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, was evaluated in 87 hypertensive patients in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized multicenter trial. After a 3-week single-blind washout phase, isradipine (or matching placebo) was administered for 4 weeks, beginning at 2.5 mg b.i.d. with increments of 2.5 mg b.i.d. at weekly intervals if supine diastolic blood pressure remained greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg. At the end of 1 week average supine blood pressure in the isradipine group (n = 45) fell from a baseline of 156 +/- 13/104 +/- 4 mm Hg to 146 +/- 14/97 +/- 7 mm Hg. By week 4 blood pressure was reduced by 19/14 mm Hg compared with 4/5 mm Hg in the placebo group (P less than 0.001 between groups). Supine and standing pulse rates were slightly increased initially with isradipine therapy but returned to baseline with increasing isradipine doses. Blood pressure responses at week 4 were good or excellent (supine diastolic less than or equal to 90 mm Hg or greater than or equal to 10 mm Hg decrease from baseline) in 87% of isradipine-treated patients and in 26% of placebo-treated patients. Headache, edema, abdominal discomfort, and constipation occurred slightly more frequently in isradipine-treated patients than in placebo-treated control subjects. The results indicate that isradipine, administered as monotherapy in doses of 2.5 to 10 mg b.i.d., is safe and effective in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The inventory of beliefs about wife beating: the construction and initial validation of a measure of beliefs and attitudes.

Although attitudes and beliefs about wife beating have been regarded as important for understanding the factors that cause and perpetuate women abuse, researchers have not had adequate instruments to measure these attitudes and beliefs. This article reports on the construction of a scale of attitudes about wife beating and an assessment of the scale's dimensionality and validity. Data were collected from 675 students, 94 residents of a midwestern city, 71 men who batter, and 70 advocates for battered women. Five reliable subscales were derived, and seven tests of validity were supported. Sympathetic attitudes toward battered women were related, as predicted, with liberal views of women's roles and sympathetic attitudes toward rape victims. Abusers and advocates were the most dissimilar in their attitudes. Male and female students also differed significantly. Many of the results are analogous to those in studies of attitudes toward rape. Several possible uses of the measure are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The effects of physician communications skills on patient satisfaction; recall, and adherence.

An understanding of means to improve patient adherence to the therapeutic regimen is a subject of increasing concern in medical care. This study examined the effects of physician interpersonal skills and teaching on patient satisfaction, recall, and adherence to the regimen. We studied the ambulatory visits of 63 patients to five medical residents at a teaching hospital in Baltimore. It was found that quality of interpersonal skills influenced patient outcomes more than quantity of teaching and instruction. Secondary analyses found that all the effects of physician communication skills on patient adherence are mediated by patient satisfaction and recall. These findings indicate that the physician might pay particular attention to these two variables in trying to improve patient adherence, and that enhancing patient satisfaction may be pivotal to the care of patients with chronic illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Propranolol in children: safety-toxicity.

Four hours after acute ingestion of 400 to 1,200 mg of propranolol by a healthy, 3-year-old boy, his plasma concentration of propranolol was 2,289 ng/ml. The only pharmacologic effect observed was a diminished heart rate response to crying and activity. In a second case, a 4-year-old boy on chronic propranolol therapy for renovascular hypertension had a hypoglycemic seizure when solid food was refused for three days because of an oral wound. The hypoglycemia was easily managed with intravenous glucose, and there were no sequelae. The first case alludes to the safety of propranolol in a healthy child even with very high plasma concentrations. The second case suggests the necessity of anticipating and avoiding hypoglycemia that can develop in children on chronic propranolol therapy when caloric intake is impaired.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

A comparison of La Crosse virus isolated obtained from different ecological niches and an analysis of the structural components of California encephalitis serogroup viruses and other bunyaviruses.

Analyses of the oligonucleotide fingerprints of the three genome ribonucleic acid (RNA) species of 11 isolates of La Crosse (LAC) virus, obtained from various ecological niches in the northern United States and compared to those of prototype LAC virus, showed that in each place from which these isolates were obtained LAC variants and varieties were present with related, but distinguishable, nucleotide sequences for their large, medium, or small RNA species. The RNA genomes of prototypes trivittatus (TVT), snowshoe hare (SSH), Tahyna (TAH), and Lumbo (a variety of TAH) viruses of the California encephalitis (CE) serogroup, and Guaroa of the Bunyamwera serogroup also consist of three RNA species, each with unique and distinguishable nucleotide sequences which bear little resemblance to those of the LAC virus isolates. The virions of CE group viruses (CE, Jamestown Canyon, Keystone, LAC, Melao, SSH, TVT, TAH viruses and South River, an unregistered virus) have three major viral polypeptides, designated G1, G2, and N.

Arboviruses↗