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Biomedical subjects

M Grau

Publications and source records attributed to M Grau.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Oral hairy leukoplakia. A study of 5 cases].

Oral hairy leukoplakia (HL) is a newly described lesion (1984) in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients. Patients with HL show a high probability of developing an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The results of histopathological, microbiological, immunological and ultrastructural studies in five patients with HL and AIDS are reported. The histopathological exam revealed in all cases acanthosis, parakeratosis, koilocytosis and keratin projections on the surface. Dermis was normal. Herpes type virus were seen in four cases and in one of them papilloma virus was also present in electron microscopic examination. There was immunocytochemical evidence of papilloma virus in one lesion. Candida albicans was found in 5 lesions by culture but only in two ones by periodic acid Schiff stain. Virus cultures for herpes virus were negative. Immunocytochemical search of Langerhans cells (S-100, HLA-DR, OKT4, OKT6) showed nearly absence of these cells in HL lesions. These results favour the viral etiology hypothesis of hairy leukoplakia.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Abnormal scintigraphic evolution in AA hepatic amyloidosis.

A patient with AA amyloidosis secondary to ankylosing spondylitis showed intense liver uptake of Tc-99m MDP on bone imaging. The biopsy showed hepatic amyloid deposition. A repeat bone scan with Tc-99m MDP 1 year later was negative, although the clinical signs and liver function tests of the patient had not changed. A mechanism might exist, other than the affinity of amyloid to calcium, which would explain the extraosseous uptake of pyrophosphates and diphosphonates in organs and soft tissues affected by systemic amyloidosis.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1988

Bone scan in systemic amyloidosis.

Thirty patients diagnosed as having systemic amyloidosis (six with primary amyloidosis and 24 with secondary amyloidosis) were given bone scans with 99Tcm-methylene diphosphonate in order to evaluate the skeletal and extra-osseous uptake and their clinical-scintigraphic correlation. Extra-osseous uptake appeared in nine instances, more frequently in primary (5/6) than in secondary (4/24) amyloidosis. Fourteen patients had clinical and echocardiographic suspicion of cardiac amyloidosis but only one showed cardiac uptake. Six patients had probable hepatic involvement but in only two cases was hepatic uptake seen. The extra-osseous uptake suggests the presence of amyloid deposits in the organs and soft tissues which take up the bone tracer. The absence of any uptake does not rule out amyloid infiltration.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of Piracetam on electrocorticogram and local cerebral glucose utilization in the rat.

The effect of Piracetam on hypoxia-induced alterations of cerebral cortex electrogenesis is studied. The results showed protection. As this anti-hypoxidotic property could be linked to Piracetam influence on energy-metabolic processes in the brain, we studied the effect of this nootropic drug on local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) by means of a variant of the Sokoloff's technique. Our results showed that Piracetam enhances LCGU. We suggest that both effects, the functional and the metabolic one, are related.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Nicardipine: protection against brain hypoxia.

Nicardipine, a new vasodilator and calcium antagonist, was tested for antihypoxic activity on the central nervous system. Two methods were used: hypobaric hypoxia and alteration of the electrocorticogram by asphyxic anoxia. Both survival time and the impaired electrical signal were improved by nicardipine. These results suggest brain protection by increased cerebral blood supply.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Protective effects of "cerebroactive drugs" in a model of acute hypoxia.

A systematic study of the hypobaric hypoxia method was carried out, using a wide range of vasodilators and metabolic modifiers. In general cerebral metabolic modifiers have a more effective antihypoxic action than cerebral vasodilators. After a discussion, the conclusion is that hypobaric hypoxia is useful as an initial screening procedure.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Purulent mediastinal abscess secondary to Ludwig's angina.

A case of Ludwig's angina dissected along deep cervical fascial planes into the mediastinum caused a virulent mediastinitis and abscess. Computed tomography precisely delineated the extent of the infection. Incomplete débridement resulted in a residual abscess and persistent systemic sepsis that culminated in the patient's death. Aggressive antibiotic treatment of the orofacial cellulitis along with complete mediastinal drainage are recommended for optimal outcome.

Abscess↗
PubMed1981

[Functional scintigraphy of pulmonary ventilation with 133Xe in juvenile scoliosis (author's transl)].

Twenty children with severe scoliosis underwent spirometry, chest X-ray and 133Xe ventilation studies before surgical correction by the Harrington operation. By means of functional scintigraphy the relative distribution of the functional residual capacity (FRC) and the wash-out curves (3-min-retention without background correction, mean time constant, effectivity index after background correction) were analysed quantitatively. The chest X-ray and the single-breath-phase of the ventilation study remained mostly unchanged, whereas the shifting of the FRC distribution towards the lung of the concave side indicated in all cases a regional ventilation restriction of the convex side. In addition the analysis of the wash-out curves showed a regional impairment of the alveolar ventilation of the convex side which exceeded the shifting of FRC distribution. Even in the cases with normal spirometric values all scintigraphic parameters were slightly pathological, probably due to the decreased lung function caused by the scoliosis. The effectivity index taking into account the respiration frequency, the tidal volume, the FRC and the dead space, was found to be the most accurate and sensitive parameter for the evaluation of regional ventilation impairment.

Adolescent↗