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Biomedical subjects

M Graf

Publications and source records attributed to M Graf.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[The determination of the left ventrical volume curve without background correction and its validation by direct intercomparison with the ejection fractions as determined by biplane laevocardiography (author's transl)].

Background corrections applied on the left ventricular volume curve determined by the "gated blood pool"--method are based on an estimated rather than on a directly measured background. This imposes an uncertainty on the values determined from the volume curve, especially on the ejection fraction. A method which does not require background correction may be applied if all available measurement and evaluation facilities are utilized fully. High temporal and spatial resolution is of fundamental importance, permitting the exact determination of the time-dependent scintigraphic contour variations of the left ventricle during the mechanical action of the heart. A good criterion of the validity of the volume curves with respect to interfering background radiation is the ejection fraction calculated from these curves. The direct intercomparison of 10 ejection fractions obtained by an expanded "gated blood pool"-method, employing cardiac catheterization, immediately before a biplane laevocardiography demonstrated very good agreement. A small systematic underestimation of the ejection fraction by the nuclear method was observed. This understimulation shows that the influence of the true background is small if other interfering count rate contributions or methodical uncertainties are excluded systematically.

Angiography↗
PubMed1978

[Drug induced agranulocytosis. Improved prognosis due to better supportive care].

A retrospective study of 61 episodes of agranulocytosis observed in 56 patients between 1958 and 1977 is reported. The diagnosis was based on peripheral granulocyte counts below 500/mm3 and further documented by bone marrow analysis. The aim of this study was to determine whether the new guidelines for supportive care introduced in January 1973 led to an improvement in overall prognosis in this disease. Therefore, the patients were divided into two groups: the first group included 39 episodes of agranulocytosis observed between 1958-1972 and the second group 22 episodes observed between 1973-1977. Standard supportive care administered in the latter group included reverse isolation (hand-disinfection and gown-change before patient contact, conventional hospital single room), the immediate initiation of an appropriate combination of antibiotics in infectious states and additional granulocyte transfusions in selected cases. The two groups compared were similar as to the extent of neutropenia and the frequency of severe infectious complications. On the other hand, patients of the first group showed more advanced recovery of myelopoiesis as compared to the second group at the time of hospital admission. Death due to infection was observed in 36% of episodes in the first group, but only in 9% in the second group. The supportive care introduced in 1973 thus appears to improve the prognosis of agranulocytosis to a substantial extent.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1978

[Lactacidosis of the cerebrospinal fluid in apoplexy as indicator of prognosis (author's transl)].

Blood and CSF gases, as well as the level of lactate and pyruvate in blood and CSF were determined in 43 cases. of severe stroke with softening of the brain. It transpired that the CSF lactate level is the best prognostic indicator of survival. CSF values above 2,5 mMol/1 in apoplexy imply a very unfavourable prognosis. The CSF lactate level is also a very useful prognostic indicator in patients suffering from diabetes and/or uraemic metabolic disorders. As the determination of CSF lactate presents no tecnical difficulties and furnishes valuable prognostic information it would merit inclusion as a routine procedure in relevant cases.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1978

Reexpression of HPRT activity following cell fusion with polyethylene glycol.

Polyethylene glycol-1000 (PEG-1000) induced fusion of HPRT (E.C. 2.4.2.8) deficient Chinese hamster cells with alpha-galactosidase A (E.C. 2.3.1.22) deficient cells from a patient with Fabry's disease yielded hybrids which contained both human and hamster HPRT, G6PD (E.C. 1.1.1.49), and APRT (E.C. 2.4.2.7) and Chinese hamster alpha-galactosidase B. Thus PEG-1000 mediated somatic cell fusion led to reexpression of Chinese hamster HPRT. It did not restore the expression of human alpha-galactosidase. Since PEG-1000 treatment of HPRT- Chinese hamster cells in the absence of human cells yielded no HPRT+ cells, it is concluded that the element responsible for the restoration of rodent HPRT was contributed by the human cells and not by the agent employed to promote fusion.

Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of pain management in critically ill patients.

We analyzed the adequacy of pain control for 17 trauma patients during the initial part of their stay in the intensive care unit, and assessed reasons for inadequate analgesia, if it occurred. Patients, and physicians, and nurses were interviewed. A verbal pain intensity scale was used to determine whether patients received adequate analgesia. Patients were asked if the pain hindered their activities, and whether they requested pain medication from their caregivers. Caregivers were questioned whether patients received adequate analgesia. Prescribed morphine regimens and the amount of narcotic administered were analyzed. Twenty-seven percent of patients rated pain intensity as moderate and 47% as severe. Ninety-five percent of housestaff and 81% of nurses reported the patients received adequate pain control. Forty-seven percent of the patients who had moderate or severe pain asked their physician for more pain medication, and 65% asked the nurse. Thirteen residents did not order a larger dose of morphine due to concern about respiratory depression or hypotension. Morphine dosages ranged from 1-8 mg intravenously every 1-2 hours as necessary. Nurses administered less than the maximum amount ordered 58% of the time. The mean dosing interval was 2.3 hours. Barriers to adequate pain management were disparity in the perception of pain between patients and caregivers; patients not requesting more analgesia despite despite the presence of moderate to severe pain; and physician and nurse concerns about patients' adverse physiologic response to increased dosages.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Amphetamine-induced locomotor behavior of mice is influenced by DSIP.

The delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) has been shown to induce effects other than only delta sleep. One of these effects was the paradoxical thermoregulatory and locomotor response of rats to amphetamine after DSIP administration. In the present investigation we found similar effects of DSIP on the locomotor activity in mice. However, two different doses of DSIP (30 and 120 nmol/kg) and 3 doses of amphetamine (4, 10, and 15 mg/kg) produced a complex pattern of effects in mice tested at 22 degrees C. In general, DSIP-treated mice showed lower locomotor activity after amphetamine than controls, but under two conditions, both using 15 mg/kg amphetamine, DSIP produced higher scores; this occurred in the first two hours after amphetamine for the 30 nmol/kg DSIP group and in the third hour for mice given 120 nmol/kg DSIP. The results indicate that the effects of DSIP on locomotor behavior were dependent on the dosage of the peptide and the time of measurement as well as the level of amphetamine stimulation.

Amphetamine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DSIP/DSIP-P and circadian motor activity of rats under continuous light.

Daily intravenous injection of 30 nmol/kg DSIP (delta sleep-inducing peptide) in rats under constant illumination produced marked changes of their motor activity as compared to saline controls. Similar marked but distinctly different effects on the circadian pattern of locomotor behavior partially abolished by constant illumination were also obtained after repeated administration of 0.1 nmol/kg DSIP-P (the phosphorylated analogue of DSIP) which enhanced overall motor activity. In both instances the results additionally differed from those reported for a normal 12 hr light:dark cycle. The present results support the hypothesis that DSIP might primarily act by influencing circadian rhythmicity.

Animals↗