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Biomedical subjects

M Gottschalk

Publications and source records attributed to M Gottschalk.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Behavior of postoperative viscosity of bile fluid from T-drainage. A contribution to cholelithogenesis].

The results obtained by the examination of the post-operative bile viscosity behaviour sampled by T-drainages of 29 patients (investigations of the relative viscosity with the help of a modified horizontal capillary viscometer from the day of operation until the 9th postoperative day) confirm the importance of the biorheological classification of bile fluid as a Maxwell fluid (investigations of the absolute dynamic viscosity of 33 bile specimens with a Contraves-Low-Shear-Viscometer and representation of flow curves for rheological characterization). The Maxwell flow behaviour is characterized--among other things--by an exponential increase in the case of prestasis. This fact is important in all "low-flow-states" of different pathophysiological genesis and offers a concept with respect to a pathogenetically orientated cholelithiasis prophylaxis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Streptococcus suis infection in swine. A sixteen month study.

A total of 349 isolates of Streptococcus suis retrieved from different tissues from diseased pigs were examined in this study. Only 48% of them could be categorized as one of serotypes 1 to 8 and 1/2. Among typable isolates, serotype 2 was the most prevalent (23%), followed by serotype 3 (10%). The majority of all isolates originated from lungs, meninges/brain, and multiple tissues. Forty-one percent of typable isolates and 33% of untypable isolates were retrieved in pure culture. Other isolates were found in conjunction with Pasteurella multocida, Escherichia coli, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Actinomyces pyogenes, and other streptococci. Typable S. suis isolates were more frequently isolated from pigs between five and ten weeks of age, while untypable isolates were mostly found in animals aged more than 24 weeks. No obvious monthly and/or seasonal variation of the prevalence of isolation of S. suis could be detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Description of 14 new capsular types of Streptococcus suis.

Fourteen new capsular types of Streptococcus suis (types 9 to 22) are described. All reference strains are morphologically and biochemically similar to types previously described. Reference strain types 9 to 13, 15, 16, and 22 were isolated from diseased pigs, whereas types 17 to 19 and 21 came from clinically healthy pigs; type 14 was isolated from a human case of meningitis, and type 20 was isolated from a diseased calf. The group T streptococcus of de Moor has been included in the typing system as type 15. Two-way cross-reactions between types 6 and 16 and a one-way cross-reaction between types 2 and 22 have been demonstrated. In addition, several cross-reactions probably not due to capsular material were detected among different types by using the coagglutination test. This test should not be used alone; weak or multiple positive reactions must be confirmed by the capsular reaction test or the capillary precipitation test.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1989

Effects of drinking water acidification, restriction of water supply and individual caging on parameters of toxicological studies in rats.

A 21 week experiment was conducted with male SPF Ico/Shoe: WIST rats to study the influence on diagnostic parameters of toxicological studies of (i) acidification of drinking water by hydrochloric acid (untreated tap water vs. pH 3 vs. pH 2), (ii) individual vs. group caging (5 animals/cage), and (iii) ad libitum vs. 10 ml restrictive water supply. Acidification to pH 2 resulted in a slightly but significantly reduced excretion of phenol red, lowered proteinuria and a decreased urine volume, whereas all other parameters remained unchanged. Individual caging was less stressful than expected from published data. Red blood cell counts were increased, water consumption and urine volume were somewhat lowered, but stress-sensitive parameters like adrenal weight, leucocyte and lymphocyte counts were not altered. A 10 ml restrictive water supply decreased urine volume, food consumption, body weight development and organ weights. Furthermore transient increases in red blood cell counts and hemoglobin contents, leucopenia and--most important--an impaired renal function were observed. In conclusion acidification of drinking water with hydrochloric acid should not be lower than pH 3, male Ico/Shoe: WIST rats can be regarded as minimum susceptible to individual caging, and reduced water intake might give false positive nephrotoxic effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Rheologic properties of bile and their possible significance for lithogenesis].

In the sparse literature dealing with the rheological characterization of bile You can find supporters of the Newtonian and the Maxwell flow behaviour theories. The submitted examinations of 33 bile specimens sampled postoperatively by T-drainages were carried out with the help of a Contraves-Low-Shear-Viscometer. They definitely show the bile fluid's exponential increase in absolute dynamic viscosity under low shear conditions. Consequently bile behaves like a Maxwell (= Non-Newtonian) fluid, especially considering the variously caused pathological retardation of bile flow. This fact may play a decisive role in fostering lithogenesis. The classification of bile as a fluid with Maxwell behaviour is probably a pathophysiologically important fact with respect to cholelithogenesis and offers a model for further discussion on the prevention of recurrent biliary tract concrements formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Highly conserved 5S ribosomal RNA sequences in four rust fungi and atypical 5S rRNA secondary structure in Microstroma juglandis.

The 5S ribosomal RNA nucleotide sequences of five basidiomycetous fungi, Coleosporium tussilaginis , Gymnosporangium clavariaeforme , Puccinia poarum , Endophyllum sempervivi and Microstroma juglandis were determined. Despite high differentiation in their host spectra the four rust species are highly conserved with respect to their 5S rRna sequences, which fit with the basidiomycete cluster 5 described by Walker and Doolittle (1). The sequences obtained from the first three rust fungi were proven to be identical while the sequence from Endophyllum sempervivi showed two base substitutions compared with the other rust fungi. The Microstroma juglandis 5S rRNA sequence differs from all other basidiomycete 5S rRNA sequences published so far in respect to its secondary structure which shows an atypical 'CCA' loop in helix D, but it reveals typical basidiomycetous signature nucleotides. Therefore Microstroma juglandis represents a cluster of its own within the Basidiomycetes. A dendrogram was constructed based on Kimura's "Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution".

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1980

[Subchronic toxicity of gamma-Falisan-Universal dry dressing agent to rats].

Doses of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg of Gamma-Falisan-Universal dry dressing agent (active ingredients including 20 per cent of Lindan and 2.5 per cent of phenyl-mercury acetate) were administered in agar suspension by stomach intubation to rats over 13 weeks, with five applications weekly. The following changes were produced: retardation in body weight, lymphopenia and leucopenia, rise of segment-nuclear neutrophils in peripheral blood, decrease of haematocrit and haemoglobin, as well as rise in activities of leucine aminopeptidase and serum glutamate oxalo-acetate transaminase. The males proved to be more sensitive in the context of their haematological parameters, while the females displayed higher sensitivity in terms of clinico-chemical values. Absolute weight increases were recorded from kidneys and liver of both males and females and from the adrenal gland of females, while weight loss was recorded from the pituitary gland of males. Changes of the same kind were expressed even more strongly, in the context of relative weights of organs. Histopathological changes were recorded from liver, kidneys, and adrenal gland of either sex, and they were histometrically confirmed. Retardation in body weight, rise in activity of leucine aminopeptidase, and weight changes of various organs were significant up to first dosage group. Analogous findings were obtained with regard to microscopic changes in kidneys. Hence, no-effect levels did not occur at all throughout the experiment.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1979

[Critical remarks on the investigation methods of coergistic effects of acute oral toxicity of combination insecticides].

Often the application of fractions of the LD50 (e.g. 1/4 LD50, 1/2 LD50) is unavoidable due to technical conditions in the experiment (e.g. in case of substances with low toxicity and in case of very steep slope functions). But if ever possible, dosage of equitoxic amounts (LD10, LD50 etc.) should be prefered, because of higher reliability in the choice of dosage and evaluation of the results. Benefits and disadvantages of the two experimental principles are demonstrated by results of own investigations.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Funnel chest operation and age (author's transl)].

Analysing 199 cases of funnel chest operations the following proposals are to be discussed: early operation of boys in a modified Ravitch-technique with transverse osteotomy of the anterior sternum-wall, resection of the xiphoid process and fastening of the perichondrium to the pectoral muscles. The cosmetic indication excludes a late operation. If any late operations are performed they should be considered only for girls. Stabilisers should be used only in case of later operations, recurrences and asymmetrical forms. No operation should be performed in case of genetic defects (malformationsyndrome, flat-chest and channel-chest). The therapeutic results should be made objective by means of the sagittal inner thorax-diameter after Stucki. The submammary incision should be omitted.

Adolescent↗