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Biomedical subjects

M Gotoh

Publications and source records attributed to M Gotoh.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Reproducible high yield of rat islets by stationary in vitro digestion following pancreatic ductal or portal venous collagenase injection.

Pancreatic distension with collagenase solution followed by stationary in vitro digestion yields large numbers of intact islets. We compared in rats two routes of collagenase injection, pancreatic ductal (PD) and portal venous (PV), for islet yield, in vitro insulin secretory capacities, and in vivo functional viability. The islet yield in the PD method (n = 11) was greater than that in the PV method (n = 8) (682 +/- 27 vs. 417 +/- 39 per pancreas, P less than 0.025). The insulin release from the PD islets in response to 16.7 mM glucose increased gradually following culture, 3.2 +/- 0.8 ng/10 islets/30 min (fresh) to 12.3 +/- 2.1 (24-hr culture). In contrast, insulin release from the PV islets increased during the first 6 hr of culture, but decreased after 24 hr in culture. Under electronmicroscopic examination, the PD islets revealed a well preserved structure with healthy endocrine cells, while the PV islets showed a dilated capillary network and distorted endocrine cell continuity. When 100 PD islets were transplanted into streptozotocin-induced diabetic B6AF1 mice (n = 8), all the recipient mice restored normoglycemia (less than 200 mg/dl) within 1-4 days following transplantation and maintained it until rejection. However, the recipient mice given 100 PV islets showed a significant delay in restoring normoglycemia, and 3 of 8 mice given 100 PV islets were still hyperglycemic on day 4 postgrafting. In summary, pancreatic ductal collagenase injection followed by stationary in vitro digestion reproducibly yields higher numbers of intact and viable islets when compared with portal venous collagenase injection, indicating the superiority of this method to portal venous injection.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Prolonged survival of hamster-to-rat liver xenografts using splenectomy and cyclosporine administration.

The immunosuppressive effect of splenectomy, alone or in combination with cyclosporine (CsA), was examined in hamster-to-rat orthotopic liver xenografts. The mean survival time was 7.3 +/- 0.5 days in untreated controls, 7.6 +/- 0.8 days with 40 mg/kg/day CsA, 7.2 +/- 0.4 days with splenectomy alone, and 17.6 +/- 5.6 days with splenectomy combined with 30 mg/kg/day CsA (P less than 0.01). The longest survival time was 27 days in this group. Marked enlargement of the spleen and high lymphocytotoxic antibody titer were characteristic of the unmodified recipients and those treated with CsA alone. Splenectomy by itself decreased the antibody formation without improvement of graft survival. In animals treated with the combined regimen, the lymphocytotoxic antibody titer was significantly suppressed, and the PMN and round cell infiltration were greatly reduced. Therefore, a synergistic effect was postulated between cyclosporine and splenectomy in this liver xenograft system.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Incontinence in female neurogenic bladders. Resolution by endoscopic bladder neck suspension.

Five incontinent females with neurogenic bladder diseases underwent endoscopic vesical neck suspension (Stamey procedure). Four patients have become dry on clean intermittent catheterisation and one has shown improvement. Bladder capacity was increased to a reasonable size in all patients. There has been no upper tract deterioration during the follow-up period of 3 to 25 months. We believe that the Stamey procedure is useful in alleviating urinary incontinence in neurogenic bladders provided that the bladder is drained regularly by intermittent catheterisation and that low detrusor compliance or detrusor hyper-reflexia is adequately managed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Effects of disopyramide on detrusor muscle contraction: in vitro experiment and report of 3 cases with disopyramide-induced urinary retention.

Three cases of disopyramide-induced urinary retention were reported and effects of disopyramide on agonist-induced contraction of detrusor muscle were studied in vitro. Muscle strips were obtained from rabbit bladder body and changes in isometric contraction of the strips were monitored. Acetylcholine, prostaglandin F2-alpha, potassium chloride, barium chloride, adenosine triphosphate and Ca2+ were used as agonists for detrusor muscle contraction. Disopyramide relaxed the contraction elicited by acetylcholine in normal Krebs solution, but exhibited no relaxing effect on contractions induced by prostaglandin F2-alpha, potassium chloride, barium chloride and adenosine triphosphate. In Ca2+-free Krebs solution, basal tension of the strips declined and spontaneous contractile activity was eliminated. Replenishment of 3 mM Ca2+ induced a slow contraction and redevelopment of spontaneous contraction of the strips. Pretreatment of the strips with disopyramide had no inhibitory effect on the Ca2+-induced contraction or on the spontaneous contractile activity in Ca2+-free solution. In normal Krebs solution, acetylcholine (10(-9)-10(-2)M) caused dose-dependent contractions of the detrusor muscle strips. Pretreatment of the strips with disopyramide (10(-5)-10(-3)M) dose-dependently inhibited the acetylcholine-induced contraction in a competitive way. The inhibitory effect of disopyramide on acetylcholine-induced contraction was less potent than that of atropine. We conclude that disopyramide may inhibit detrusor contractile activity mostly by its anticholinergic effect, resulting clinically in micturition disturbance.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1987

Correlation of regional insulin and glucagon content in canine pancreas and a possible interaction of A and B cells.

Canine pancreases divided into 8 anatomical subportions were examined for their regional insulin and glucagon content. Insulin content in the pancreas was gradually increased in the left lobe to about twice as much as that in the uncinatus, while glucagon content was increased steeply in the left lobe to 16 times as much as that of the uncinatus. Although hormonal content differs according to the anatomical area, a statistically significant positive correlation of mean regional insulin and glucagon content was observed (r = 0.994, p less than 0.001). A constant ratio of these two hormones suggests the functional coupling of A and B cells within the islets or in a given pancreatic subportion.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

A study of cryptorchidism. III: The histochemistry of complex carbohydrates in the testes of cryptorchid patients.

The complex carbohydrates in the undescended and contralateral scrotal testes of patients with cryptorchidism, were examined by light microscopic histochemical methods, in comparison with those of normal testes. In the undescended testes, histochemical reactions for acidic and neutral complex carbohydrates were apparently weaker than in the normal testes, especially pronounced in the seminiferous tubular walls. In the germinal and supporting cells of the undescended testes, the amount of galactose residues in the complex carbohydrates decreased from the prepubertal to post-pubertal periods. Periodic acid-Schiff reaction also revealed a decrease in the glycogen content in the germinal and supporting cells of the undescended testes from pre-pubertal to post-pubertal periods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[A case of malignant paraganglioma arising from the retroperitoneum].

We report the case of 38-year-old male with a malignant and functional paraganglioma arising from the retroperitoneum. He was admitted to our hospital with a pathological fracture of the right femur, A diagnosis of paraganglioma was made after taking a biopsy specimen and discovering a hypervascular retroperitoneal tumor. The level of catecholamine in his urine was greatly increased, accompanied with hypertension, rapid pulse and sweating. He was treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical therapy. However, he died from pulmonary metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Serum beta 2-microglobulin in spinal cord injury patients--its efficacy as a screening test of renal function].

We evaluated the reliability of serum beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) in comparison with serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine clearance in 164 patients with spinal cord injury. The value of serum beta 2-MG demonstrated the highest correlation coefficient (r = -0.927) in relation to creatinine clearance. The beta 2-MG value reflected the severity of hydronephrosis on excretory urography, with very few false negative values. The value of beta 2-MG is concluded to be one of the best screening tests in evaluating renal function in spinal cord injury patients.

Female↗
PubMed1987

[A case report of malignant schwannoma originating from the bone].

While malignant schwannoma is encountered frequently as soft tissue sarcomas, it rarely is found to originate in the bone. We have had a case of malignant schwannoma originating from the tibia of a 47-year-old man. He died from uremia, that resulted from lung, spinal vertebral body, and lymph nodes metastases, despite surgical treatment and chemotherapy. In cases of rare bone tumors, the clinical diagnosis of tumoral manifestations originating in the bone is more important than the histopathological diagnosis.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

[Inhibitory effect of a calcium entry blocker (verapamil) on detrusor muscle contractility: feasibility of clinical application].

Effects of a Ca2+ entry blocker (verapamil) on the contractility of the bladder detrusor muscle of rabbits were investigated in vitro and in vivo. In experiments using smooth muscle strips from the bladder detrusor, isometric tension changes of the strips following drug addition were recorded. The contractions of the strips induced by acetylcholine (10(-8)-10(-2)M), prostaglandin E2, F2-alpha (3 X 10(-8)-3 X 10(-5)M) or electric stimulation were significantly inhibited dose-dependently by pretreatment of the strips with verapamil (10(-7), 10(-6)M). In in vitro experiments using whole bladder preparations, the spontaneous contractile activity and the contraction induced by acetylcholine (10(-6)M) were monitored. Both activities were inhibited in a time-dependent manner after the intravesical instillation of 7.5 mg verapamil. The amplitude of the spontaneous contraction and responses to acetylcholine, 90 minutes after the instillation, were reduced to 10% and 38% of the control levels (before the instillation), respectively. The detrusor contractility was still inhibited 2 hours after the removal of verapamil from the bladder. During in vivo experiments, changes in intravesical pressure and systemic arterial pressure were monitored. Sixty minutes after the intravesical instillation of 10 mg verapamil, the rise of the intravesical pressure following the pelvic nerve stimulation was inhibited to 18% of the control level, whereas the systemic arterial pressure was not affected. Verapamil is suggested to have potent inhibitory effects on the detrusor muscle contraction, and the intravesical instillation of verapamil to inhibit detrusor contractility without affecting the cardiovascular status.

Animals↗