Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Gornitsky.
Four strains of oral treponemes and Treponema phagedenis Reiter synthesize and secrete phospholipase C (PLC), which was detected by the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenylphosphorylcholine. PLC was detected in gingival crevicular fluid from diseased but not from healthy sulci. The initiation and progression of periodontal lesions may begin with the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids by PLC.
The penetration and complement fixation of sIgA, IgM and IgG were studied in advanced human dental caries with double-staining immunofluorescence technique. Immunoglobulins were found in dental plaque and in the superficial layers of the lesions which were exposed to saliva. sIgA was the most frequent, followed by IgG and IgM. IgG had the greatest capacity for penetration into the lesions, followed by IgM and sIgA. IgM was most frequently found in association with complement C3.
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HIV antigens were identified in PBL obtained from HIV-positive patients, using IF and IEM. Studies of the phenotype of HIV-containing lymphocytes showed that OKT4+ cells were the principal target of the virus. Approximately 5% of infected cells were multinucleated. Almost all infected and about 30% of uninfected PBL displayed Ab-C3 complexes on the cell surfaces. Sera from HIV-positive patients contained Ab reacting with cell membranes and intracellular structures of PBL from normal subjects, as demonstrated by IEM. The presence of Ig-C3 complexes on a high percentage of HIV-positive- or negative-PBL suggests that the Ab-C-mediated lympholysis may represent a major mechanism of lymphatic tissue destruction in HIV-infected patients.
HIV antigens were searched for in the thymus, lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen of AIDS patients, by means of immunofluorescence technique. Human IgG against HIV and monoclonal antibodies against viral gag P24 protein yielded strong cytoplasmic fluorescence of cells in sections of the thymus, lymph nodes and spleen. Some cells containing HIV antigens were morphologically multinucleated giant cells. They reacted with monoclonal antibodies against helper/inducer T-cells (OKT4+), and were complexed with antibody or with complement as demonstrated by double-staining immunofluorescence technique. A large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated the thymus in areas containing cells expressing HIV antigens. These studies demonstrated an association of HIV virus with cytopathic and immunopathogenic reactions in lymphatic organs of AIDS patients, and are consistent with previous results, as well as indicative of a primary aetiologic role for the virus.
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Actinomyces viscosus, A. naselundii, Streptococcus mutans serotype "c" and S. mutans serotype "d/g" were identified in human carious dentin using histological and immunofluorescent techniques. A. viscosus was most frequently found in association with patient's immunoglobulins and complement, followed by S. mutans serotype "d/g", S. mutans serotype "c", and A. naeslundii.
HTLV-III was searched for in frozen sections of peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from AIDS patients by an immunofluorescence technique. Human IgG against HTLV-III/LAV and monoclonal antibodies against HTLV-III/LAV P 24 antigen, yielded a strong cytoplasmic fluorescence in frozen sections of the lymphocytes. Some cells containing HTLV-III antigens displayed multinucleated giant forms. They also reacted with monoclonal antibodies against helper/inducer T-cells (OKT4+), as demonstrated by direct double staining immunofluorescence. Similarly, complexes of immunoglobulins and C3 component of complement were also detected on HTLV-III/LAV Ag expressing lymphocytes. Immunofluorescence study of frozen sections of peripheral blood lymphocytes appeared to be a simple, fast and reliable method for detection of HTLV-III/LAV Ag in AIDS patients.
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A case report of a rather rare neoplasm, the calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor, is added to the literature. An aggressiveness not normally associated with this tumor is described. The treatment, involving the segmental resection of the left mandible and immediate reconstruction, is reported. A complication with the infective organism Enterobacter cloacae and the subsequent necessity to regraft the area is noted. Long-term inter-maxillary fixation resulted in adequate occlusion and only slight deviation in the final successful result. A 4-year 4-month follow-up is presented.
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The importance of correlation, referral, and collaboration between dermatology, or any other medical department, and the oral health profession is reported through a case presentation. A case of pemphigus vulgaris diagnosed from a tongue biopsy and confirmed by immunofluorescence is reported. The patient was treated for actinic keratosis of the scalp for 16 months due to inadequate biopsy material. The diagnostic value of proper biopsy material is stressed. The clinical manifestations leading to a misdiagnosis between actinic keratosis and pemphigus vulgaris are discussed.
A rare case of epidermolysis bullosa in an adult is reported and the English-language dental literature of the last 20 years is reviewed. Special dental management is suggested. Early detection because of potential malignant transformation is discussed.
This study contrasts the effect of chemotherapy-induced and viral-induced (HIV-1) immunocompromise on natural killer (NK) and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell function. The ability of NK and LAK cells isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy controls, breast cancer patients receiving or not receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, and HIV-1 seropositive individuals to lyse K562 and U937 targets was determined. Exponential regression analysis of the cytolytic data was used to derive the cytolytic variables A (indicative of the maximal cytolytic kill of a target) and k (indicative of the lytic efficiency of individual effector cells). Overall LU20 values were ascertained and adjusted to incorporate absolute lymphocyte numbers. Such analysis indicates that the cytolytic NK and progenitor LAK cell pools are diminished in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. However, the ability of individual NK and LAK cells from treated patients to lyse targets remain unchanged. In contrast, the diminution of NK and LAK cell function in HIV-1 seropositive individuals is associated with reductions in both NK and LAK cell pool sizes as well as their cytolytic functions.
Progressive systemic sclerosis, or systemic scleroderma, is an autoimmune multisystemic disease associated with vascular abnormalities, connective tissue sclerosis, atrophy, and autoimmune changes. The complex oral problems that may develop in patients with the disease and the difficult oral access necessitate extreme care in preventing dental disease. The oral management of a patient with an edentulous mandible and progressive systemic sclerosis, using an overdenture supported by osseointegrated implants, is presented and discussed.