Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Gordon.
Although most long-term care facilities cannot always evaluate and treat their residents during acute, intercurrent illnesses, it is possible to design systems that allow for effective care without transfer.
The aim of the present retrospective study was to observe the clinical and radiographic performances of a compomer (Dyract) in proximal restorations of primary molars as compared to amalgam restorations. The study was performed at the principal investigator's office. Children between three to eleven years old, who had at least two primary molars with a small to moderate approximal caries lesion were included in the study. The assessed material consisted of 107 proximal restorations (63 Dyract and 44 amalgam) placed in primary molars during the years 1994 to 1997 in forty-two children who were available for follow-up examinations. All the evaluated restorations were clinically acceptable, with smooth surface appearance, satisfactory color match, neither secondary caries nor fracture. The margins of two Dyract restorations presented minimal stain. Of the 63 Dyract restorations evaluated radiographically, two presented with bubbles, one with an overhang, and nine had pooling at the tooth-restoration interface. Minimal overhangs were disclosed in six amalgam restorations, and neither bubbles nor defects were seen at the tooth-restoration interface. These differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Based on the clinical performance of the material and on the radiographic findings, the authors conclude that Dyract can be a suitable alternative for restoring primary teeth that need to be retained up to two years. More extensive follow-up is needed to assess longer-term performance.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) was used for the characterization of a partially transesterified poly(beta-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA), a polymer produced by the bacterial strain Alcaligenes eutrophus with saponified vegetable oils as the sole carbon sources. The transesterification was carried out separately under acidic and basic conditions to obtain PHA oligomers weighing <10 kDa. The intact oligomers were detected in their cationized forms, [M + Na]+ and [M + K]+, by MALDI-TOFMS. A composition analysis, using the MALDI-TOF spectra, indicated that the oligomers obtained via acid catalysis contained a methyl 3-hydroxybutyrate end group, and those obtained by base catalysis had a methyl crotonate (olefinic) end group. In addition to hydroxybutyrate (HB), the oligomers were found to contain a small percentage of hydroxyvalerate, which was independently confirmed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In comparison, analysis of a commercial PHA polymer, transesterified under identical conditions, showed only the presence of HB, i.e., a pure poly(HB) homopolymer.
Major findings from our work on exposures and effects from organophosphate-containing pesticides in selected occupational and community patients and groups in Israel are reviewed as a basis for recommending control measures. The worker groups were pilots, ground-crews, and field workers; exposed nonworkers were adults and children living in kibbutzim with drift exposures, and household residents in houses treated by pest exterminators. In all groups, evidence of exposure-illness associations was found even though persons with acute poisoning were not seen. Complaints (headache, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, breathing problems, abdominal cramps, and tingling in extremities) were associated with within-normal depressions in cholinesterase activity. Whole blood and plasma cholinesterase activity were slightly more sensitive indicators of mixed exposure than red blood cell cholinesterase activity. High alkyl phosphate levels and symptoms were seen in individuals with within-normal limit depressions in cholinesterase activity. Complaints of weakness and tingling in hands and feet, together with low-grade changes in nerve conduction, suggest the possible influence of agents with a neurotoxic esterase-type activity independent of cholinesterase activity. Transient in-season neuropsychological changes in tests of mood status and performance were associated with exposure. Recommendations for exposure reduction include: accelerating the already declining use of pesticides in general, and organophosphates in particular; promoting the shift from more to less toxic organophosphates and other pesticides; and introducing rigid performance specifications for closed systems in loading and mixing at end-user sites. Dermal protection remains a problem. Cholinesterase activity levels and symptom interviews are useful for monitoring workers at risk, but alkyl phosphate levels are the definitive measure of exposure, surveys, investigations and surveillance.
The per capita sugar consumption of the Israeli Defense Forces personnel has been determined during the years 1973-1986. Although a total decrease is noted, specific cariogenic items and confections are increased. This might explain, partially, the high dental treatment needs of the Israeli military population. Recommendations concerning the army dietary policy and health education programs are suggested.
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The Spicer-Hay-Gordon Report on the survey of New Zealand radiographers, published in Australasian Radiology in August 1986, indicates a need for further investigation into various aspects of the problems of radiographers' health. This paper presents four case reports to substantiate claims that health professionals exposed to x-ray processing chemicals suffer a variety of symptoms mentioned in the survey. It also seeks to point the way for more detailed investigation into particular aspects of the problem - processor design, darkroom ventilation, safety in chemical handling, awareness of the chemical hazards in radiographic departments and a review of training manuals in schools of radiography.
Duplicated inferior vena cava was found unexpectedly at the time of resection of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Resection of the aneurysm and preservation of duplicated vena cava was performed. Technical difficulties and embryology of this anomaly are discussed.
Psychological test data of 30 known juvenile and adolescent firesetters were compared with those of a matched control group, within a residential treatment center, to distinguish the identifying characteristics of each group. Hypotheses based on 80 variables found in the literature on firesetting were treated by using a standard test equivalent for each variable. Of the hypotheses, 14 were found to differentiate significantly the two groups, but not all in the predicted direction. Four characteristics were found to be sufficient to discriminate between the groups with greater efficiency than any other combination of variables. A predictor equation is set forth.
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A concept attainment model of diagnosis was used to study the influence of inferential ability and restricted-unrestricted information conditions on 60 nurses' hypothesis-scanning strategies, diagnostic accuracy, and confidence in two diagnostic tasks. A selection paradigm, similar to the game of Twenty Questions, was employed, and it was assumed that verbal reports of how information was being utilized were reliable indicators of scanning procedures. Analysis of variance, t tests, chi-square analyses, and the Cochrane Q test were used in data analyses. Subjects' behavior approximated a model strategy of predictive hypothesis testing in diagnostic concept attainment tasks involving surgical complications. Neither the interaction between inferential ability and information conditions nor the effect of inferential ability alone influenced the dependent variables, although prolonged predictive hypothesis testing and unrestricted information conditions were associated with greater inaccuracies. Inplications for nursing history taking and diagnosis are discussed.
After an investigator has identified the focus and scope of an evaluation research project, a study topic that is nursing-specific can be designated. Various topics are reviewed. Methods of evaluating nursing care based on nursing diagnosis as a study topic are presented.
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