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Biomedical subjects

M Goldsmith

Publications and source records attributed to M Goldsmith.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Nuclear magnetic resonance in cancer, XII: Application of NMR malignancy index to human lung tumours.

Sixty specimens of human lung tissue from 52 individuals were inspected at 22.5 MHz by proton magnetic resonance techniques. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique for the diagnosis of malignancy. The combination of two NMR parameters (spin-lattice (T1) and spin-spin (T2) relaxation times) into a malignancy index yielded 3 cases of overlap between the two populations of tissue. The mean and standard deviations obtained were 1.966 +/- 0.262 for normal tissue, and 2.925 +/- 0.864 for malignant specimens. In addition, analysis of the electrolyte and water content of the tissues confirm that factors other than specimen water content influence the relaxation time.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Linear and rod-shaped peptic ulcers.

Experience with the routine use of the pharmacologically aided, double-contrast examination to demonstrate various primary and healing ulcers over a six month period is assessed. Thirteen linear or rod-shaped ulcerations were diagnosed. It appears that gastric relaxation and the demonstration of fine mucosal relief are necessary to detect ulcers of linear or rod form.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1977

NMR in cancer: XVII. dewar for a 53-inch superconducting NMR magnet.

A giant nitrogen-jacketed liquid-helium metal dewar built in this laboratory is described for housing 53-inch superconducting magnet used in the human FONAR experiments. This dewar is 10 feet tall, 6 feet wide, 18 inches deep, and weighs 1 1/2 tons. It consists of the main magnet hoop connected through a demountable gooseneck to a liquid helium reservoir tank.

Electromagnetic Phenomena↗
PubMed1977

NMR in cancer: XVIII. A superconductive NMR magnet for a human sample.

A 53-inch superconducting magnet built in our laboratory for human-size NMR is described. It was made from .026 inches superconducting wire laid on a 2.5-inch piece of channel bar that had been rolled into a 53-inch diameter circle and butt-welded at the ends.

Electromagnetic Phenomena↗
PubMed1977

NMR in cancer: XVI. FONAR image of the live human body.

The FONAR technique that achieved the first chemical image of the live human being is described. Color and black-and-white video images of a cross-section through the chest at the level of the eighth thoracic vertebra were generated. The imaging showed the heart and mediastinum in the midline between the left and right lungs with the heart encroaching on the left lung space as it does at this level. Also seen was the descending aorta just left and anterior to the vertebral body.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Demonstration of erosive gastritis by the double-contrast technique.

The value of the routine pharmacologically-aided double-contrast examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract in demonstrating superficial gastric erosions was assessed. Ten cases of erosive gastritis were diagnosed during a six-month period. It appears that erosive gastritis is more common than generally believed. Diagnosis requires relaxation of the stomach and demonstration of fine mucosal relief by the double-contrast technique.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1975

Biological ion exchanger resins. VII. Counter-ion activity coefficients in solutions of biological polyelectrolytes.

The single ion activity coefficients of K+ and Cl- counter-ions were determined in concentrated polyelectrolyte solutions. The polyelectrolytes investigated included DNA and several proteins. Results indicate that ion gradients of up to 40:1 do not lower the counter-ion activity coefficient below 0.5. Thus, published values of the intracellular activity coefficient of K+ are not incompatible with cellular models utilizing cytoplasmic ion exchange.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1975

NMR in cancer. VII. Sodium-23 magnetic resonance of normal and cancerous tissues.

Sodium-23 magnetic resonance was performed on four types of cancers and six types of normal tissues of rats and mice. The spin-lattice relaxation time of the tumors was generally longer than that of the normal tissues, with the most marked difference occurring between rat liver (T1 = 6.5 msec) and Novikoff hepatoma (T1 =23.7 msec). Estimation of tissue sodium from the signal intensity of the resonance indicated that all four types of tumors contained more sodium than any of the normal tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

Biological ion exchanger resins. II. QUERP water and ion exchange selectivity.

Biological selectivity is shown to vary with medium osmotic strength and temperature. Selectivity reversals occur at 4 degrees C and at an external osmolality of 0.800 indicating that intracellular hydration and endosolvent (intracellular water) structure are important determinants in selectivity. Magnetic resonance measurements of line width by steady-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) indicate a difference in the intracellular water signal of 16 Hz between the K form and Na form of Escherichia coli, providing additional evidence that changes in the ionic composition of cells are accompanied by changes in endosolvent structure. The changes were found to be consistent with the thermodynamic and magnetic resonance properties of aqueous electrolyte solutions. Calculation of the dependence of ion-pairing forces on medium dielectric reinforces the role of endosolvent structure in determining ion exchange selectivity.

Biological Transport↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanics of motility: distinct dynein binding domains on alpha- and beta-tubulin.

Microtubules (MTs) interact with force-generating proteins to generate a variety of intracellular movements, including intracellular particle transport, ciliary-flagellar beating, and chromosome-spindle movements during mitosis-meiosis. Relatively little is known about the mechanics of these motor-MT interactions, in part because the motor binding domains of the MT and the corresponding MT binding domains of the motor have not been well characterized. Using a flagellar motility assay, we report that the MT subunits, alpha- and beta-tubulin, each contain a dynein binding domain located near the C-termini of their respective tubulin subunits. Blocking either alpha- or beta-tubulin binding domains of dynein attenuates motility in demembranated sea urchin sperm up to 50%. Interestingly, blocking both alpha- and beta-tubulin binding domains on dynein produces much greater decreases in motility. These data suggest that flagellar dynein binds to both subunits of the MT polymer, alpha- and beta-tublin. In addition, the two subunits appear to contribute equivalent, but functionally separate, roles to flagellar motility.

Animals↗