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Biomedical subjects

M Goldberg

Publications and source records attributed to M Goldberg.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Paradoxical glucose-induced hyperkalemia. Combined aldosterone-insulin deficiency.

Severe hyperkalemia associated with spontaneous hyperglycemia as well as with the intravenous infusions of glucose occurred in an insulin-requiring diabetic patient in the absence of potassium administration, the use of diuretics which inhibit urinary potassium excretion or acidemia. Metabolic balance studies revealed, in addition to diabets, the presence of isolated aldosterone deficiency of the hyporeninemic type. Intravenous glucose infusions (0.5 g/kg body weight) produced significant hyperkalemia but desoxycortisone acetate (DOCA) therapy (10 mg/day) prevented the glucose-induced hyperkalemia. In this patient, the serum potassium concentration increases after the intravenous infusions of glucose because there is insufficient aldosterone and insulin to reverse the transfer of potassium to the extracellular fluid which normally occurs after hypertonic infusions of glucose. Although DOCA replacement modifies the distribution of potassium in the extracellular fluid and blunts the hyperkalemic effect of intravenous infusions of glucose, a rise in the insulin level is required for the usual hypokalemic response to intravenously administered glucose. These studies illustrate the risk of raising blood glucose levels in patients with combined aldosterone and insulin deficiency and the tendency towards hyperkalemia in diabetic patients under certain clinical conditions.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1975

Chronic interstitial nephritis: etiologic factors.

Whether chronic interstitial nephritis (pyelonephritis) mainly results from kidney infection is widely debated. We studies 101 patients with interstitial nephritis, selected from 320 patients with newly diagnosed chronic renal disease, for frequency of etiological factors. Eleven had no etiologic factor(s) identified; 89 had clearcut factor(s): anatomic abnormalities 31, analgesic abuse 20, hyperuricemia 11, nephrosclerosis 10, stones 9, sickle cell disease1, tuberculosis 1, multiple causes7. Bacterial infection (present in 27%) was found only with another preceding primary cause of renal damage. Analgesic abusers frequently denied drug ingestion; 15% had urinary tract infection and 20% classical papillary necrosis. Two had family histories of analgesic abuse with nephropathy. We conclude that interstitial nephritis is a common form of chronic renal disease, is seldom idiopathic, rarely results from bacterial infection alone in adults, and frequently results from analgesic abuse in the United States.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The effect of tear substitutes on tear film break-up time.

Twelve commercial artificial tear solutions and a newly developed one were evaluated as to their effect on tear film breakup time (BUT) in ten normal subjects. Instillation of one drop of these solutions altered the BUT in such a way that serial BUT measurements could be used as an index of retention time. Results demonstrated significantly longer retention time for three related products (Adapt, Adapette, and Adsorbotear) and a newly developed product (Alcon 0413) [Tears Naturale (Alcon TM)]. This method appears to be an accurate nonirritative way of assessing retention time of tear substitute/vehicles and demonstrate values much longer than previously reported by other methods.

Cellulose↗
PubMed1974

Fluorescence enhancement of laccase induced by reduction of Cu(II) sites.

The intrinsic fluorescence of laccase (p-diphenol:O(2) oxidoreductase, EC 1.10.3.2), emitted by its tyrosinyl and tryptophanyl residues, underwent significant enhancement upon reduction of the enzyme redox sites. The increase in quantum yield reached its maximum after the addition of approximately four reduction equivalents and depended on the wavelength of excitation:54% increase for lambda(ex) = 250 nm and 76% for lambda(ex) = 305 nm.A linear correlation between this enhancement and the reduction of the type 1 Cu(II) was observed both by direct measurement and by calculation on the basis of added reductant. The implications of the fluorescence enhancement and its correlation with the reduction of the type 1 copper are discussed in terms of the possible quenching mechanisms. The possibility of a redox-induced structural transition in the protein is suggested.

Catechol Oxidase↗