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Biomedical subjects

M Goldberg

Publications and source records attributed to M Goldberg.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Effect of tyramine on myocardial catecholamine release in coronary heart disease.

The influence of tyramine on myocardial catecholamine release and on coronary blood flow has not previously been determined in man. Therefore, the effect of tyramine was measured on coronary and systemic hemodynamics and on norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine levels in blood from the aorta and coronary sinus in 9 patients with coronary artery disease. Tyramine produced a striking increase in coronary sinus NE, from a baseline of 344 +/- 56 to a peak level of 1416 +/- 310 pg/ml (p less than 0.01) 2 minutes after tyramine. The increase in aortic NE was less striking, from 265 +/- 32 to 421 +/- 63 pg/ml (difference not significant). Therefore, the net release of NE from the heart was increased by tyramine from 12,007 +/- 393 to 139,357 +/- 46,156 pg/ml/min (p less than 0.03). There was no release of epinephrine across the coronary bed. There was a variable response of coronary blood flow and resistance after tyramine. Thus, the rich innervation of the heart by sympathetic nerve endings can result in marked NE release into the coronary sinus.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Regulation of hepatocyte proliferation. The feed-back system of hepatopoietin.

After partial hepatectomy the low proliferation rate of hepatocytes increases dramatically. This is based on a feed-back system whose central link is a liver cell proliferation hormon, the so-called hepatopoietin. The hormon originates from the Peyer's patches: after their resection, the liver cell proliferation after partial hepatectomy decreases by about 80%. Hepatopoietin effects organ specific but species nonspecific.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Plasma cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in childhood-onset psychoses.

Plasma cyclic AMP is a "second messenger" that may reflect levels of activity of important neurotransmitter receptors. Plasma cyclic AMP was measured in 18 patients with childhood autism, 7 patients with pervasive developmental disorder, and 12 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Plasma cyclic AMP was significantly elevated by over 100% in both groups of patients with childhood-onset psychoses compared with controls. Plasma cyclic GMP, a nucleotide linked to different receptors, was not elevated, suggesting that the finding may be specific.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Hindgut duplication. Report of a patient with long-term follow-up.

A girl with a rare congenital malformation consisting of duplication of the urinary and genital tracts as well as of the entire colon, terminating in double rectogenital fistulas, is presented. Because of a small-capacity urinary bladder on one side and an atonic neurogenic bladder on the other side, urinary diversion was necessary. A preliminary diverting colostomy of the duplicated transverse colon was followed by anoplasty of one anus. Later on, the duplicated proximal colostomy was anastomosed to the one distal colon leading to the rectum with anoplasty. The treatment of this complex anomaly is described.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

Improved preservation of intramitochondrial granules in rat-incisor odontoblasts by rapid-freezing and freeze-substitution fixation.

Odontoblasts fixed by rapid-freezing and freeze-substitution, compared to cells fixed with aldehyde, exhibited a larger number of microfilaments, a granular material inside the rough endoplasmic reticulum, many electron-dense aggregates in cytoplasmic vesicles and numerous intramitochondrial granules. Although these granules were located in odontoblasts facing a well-mineralized layer of dentine, this did not support the possible existence of a transfer pathway for intracellular calcium which plays some part in mineralization processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effect of dissociative extraction with 1.5 M calcium chloride on proteoglycans in rat-incisor predentine visualized with cuprolinic blue.

Treatment of rat-incisor predentine for 48 h in a 1.5 M CaCl2 solution halved the number and size of the proteoglycan precipitates visualized using a critical MgCl2 concentration and cuprolinic blue staining. About 75 per cent of the aggregable proteoglycans were extracted; 25 per cent resisted extraction. Treatment with CaCl2 also completely abolished the electron density of the amorphous ground substance, an observation consistent with the possible existence of two classes of proteoglycans in predentine.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

An autoradiographic study of the in-vivo incorporation of [3H]-palmitic acid into the dentine and enamel lipids of rat incisors, with a comparison of rapid-freezing freeze-substitution fixation and aldehyde fixation.

Four and twenty-four hours after injection of the labelled precursor, there were twice as many silver grains scored with the cryotechniques as with conventional fixation. Absence of labelled-band formation in dentine, the diffusion of silver throughout the entire thickness of dentine as well as the layer of forming enamel. This suggests that lipids are membrane-associated components rather than true matrix-associated components.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1984

[Social inequality in deaths in Great Britain and in France].

In this paper data are compared on differential mortality for working men in the United Kingdom and France, for the years 1970-1972 (U.K.) and 1966-1971 (F). Differential mortality in the United Kingdom is described in 'occupational mortality' published by O.P.C.S.; mortality according to 'Catégories socio-professionnelles' has been studied for a large cohort by INSEE (National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies). The comparison between those two sets of data leads to the following conclusions: social differences in death rates seem to be larger in France than in United Kingdom. the main causes of death responsible for these inequalities differ in the two countries: respiratory diseases are the main cause in U.K.; in France, accidents and alcohol-related death lead to the largest inequalities. We discuss the difficulties of comparison between countries: some of the apparent differences may relate to the fact that, in France, mortality data concerns a cohort followed since 1954, while British data comes from a transversal survey. Another point of difference is the fact that foreigners are not included in the French study. In every country where data exist on the subject, inequalities in health are found. The reasons why these inequalities exist, and what should be done to reduce them, is a matter for discussion. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the debate, by throwing light on some aspects of the observed differences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Systemic reactions to intravascular contrast media. A guide for the anesthesiologist.

Intravascular contrast media reactions are not uncommon. They occur frequently in relatively young and healthy patients, and are more likely to occur in patients with strong allergic, atopic, asthmatic, or cardiac histories. Five different types of reactions occur: Vasomotor, vasovagal, dermal, osmotic, and anaphylactoid. These different manifestations are seen both individually and in various combinations. The seriousness of a reaction depends not only on the extent of the reaction, but also upon the patient's cardiovascular status. Most severe reactions are idiosyncratic, and the history of reaction to contrast media always will not predict the current response to contrast media. ICM reactions occur commonly enough so that most anesthesiologists will at some time be asked to help prevent or treat them. Knowledge about their incidence, risk factors, mechanisms of pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention should decrease the morbidity and mortality of these unfortunate occurrences. Anesthesiologists should actively seek out radiologists to suggest the following: 1. Increased use of routine blood pressure and ECG monitoring 2. Routine visits by anesthesia staff to the radiology suite to review available drugs and equipment 3. Regularly scheduled cardiopulmonary resuscitation drills for new radiology personnel 4. Availability of emergency respiratory care equipment, oxygen, suction, atropine, diphenhydramine, and epinephrine in every radiology suite.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1984

Natriuretic and water diuretic effects of central alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists.

Methyldopa, clonidine, and a more recently developed drug, guanabenz, have similar antihypertensive mechanisms, predominantly suppression of central sympathetic outflow by alpha 2-receptor agonism and consequent reduction in peripheral sympathetic activity. Recent studies clearly demonstrate an important role of the sympathetic nervous system in the control of sodium excretion. Therefore, the interrelationships between the use of central alpha-adrenergic agonists as antihypertensive agents and their influence on renal handling of sodium are important. Certain problems accompany the use of the older centrally acting drugs as monotherapy. As a response to the hypotensive effects of these drugs, certain renal adaptations take place which presumably are homeostatic attempts to restore blood pressure and plasma volume to baseline, but which lead to a positive sodium balance, antihypertensive tolerance and occasionally the development of overt edema. The high incidence of tolerance has led most physicians to use diuretics on a routine basis, superimposing the side effects of diuretics and compromising compliance. The potential natriuretic properties of guanabenz appear to counter-balance the sodium retaining side effects commonly seen with other centrally acting and vasodilating antihypertensive drugs. This property, therefore, makes this agent a scientifically interesting and potentially useful therapeutic drug for the therapy of high blood pressure.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1984

Cervical sagittal spinal canal size in spine injury.

This study investigated the relationship between cervical spine sagittal canal diameter and neurologic injury in cases of spinal fracture-dislocation. A group of 98 patients with such injuries was reviewed; 45 had no neurologic deficits, 39 had incomplete quadriplegia, and 14 had complete quadriplegia. Spinal canal sagittal diameter was measured in all, and large diameter and small canals were defined. Small diameter canals were correlated significantly with neurologic injury, while large diameter canals allowed protection from neurologic injury in cervical fracture dislocation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The appearance in TEM of proteoglycan predentine is fixation dependant.

The appearance of proteoglycans visualized on thin sections with alcian blue was compared in rat incisor predentine fixed either in aqueous aldehyde solutions or by anhydrous methods (acrolein vapours or rapid freezing-freeze substitution). The granular or branched chain-like structures detected after aqueous fixation probably resulted from precipitation or shrinkage of an expanded amorphous gel observed only after anhydrous fixation. In predentine, morphological interactions between proteoglycans and collagen fibres may be also artefactual.

Animals↗