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Biomedical subjects

M Goebel

Publications and source records attributed to M Goebel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Colony stimulating factors in blood formation].

The aim of this article is to review the present state of knowledge of the clinical effects of the colony-stimulating factors. Clinical experience and publications on this subject are used for this purpose. Colony-stimulating factors are being successfully used in various diseases and clinical situations, particularly in the area of hematology/oncology. However, numerous questions still remain. There are many new untested areas in which filgrastim could be employed. New indications and open questions require suitable new studies.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

An incremental model to isolate specific effects of behavioral treatments in essential hypertension.

UNLABELLED: To prove clinical effectiveness of behavioral treatments in essential hypertension, an incremental repeated measures design was combined with findings that positive expectancies (placebo factors) potentiate specific effects. If positive expectancy effects were maximized in a Baseline Control Phase (6-26 weeks of BP stabilization), specific effects might be isolated as well as potentiated in a Learning Phase (2a, 6 weeks, twice/week; 2b, 6 weeks, once/week--fading). Follow-up Phase 3 was six weeks, once/week; six months, once/month; and at 12 months. To equalize groups across seasons over 12 years of regular clinical work, 117 volunteer outpatient veterans with borderline to moderate essential hypertension (130-170/90-110) were assigned in order of entry (10-20 each year) to one of four TREATMENTS: R, simple relaxation; REMG, R + EMG biofeedback; BP, BP biofeedback only; RBP, R + BP; or to an inert Control Group (TA, reading about transactional analysis without skills training). The four Treatment groups showed modest but consistent BP decreases during Phase 2 (p range from .0001 to .01). Control Phase placebo effects matched those in the Control Group (no BP decrease after Baseline). With a two-way mixed ANOVA design, Learning Phase 2 isolated specific effects of behavioral treatments, while the Control Phase 1 with liberal placebo factors potentiated specific effects during regular clinical work.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

A homolog of the proteasome-related RING10 gene is essential for yeast cell growth.

Proteasomes are intracellular protein complexes displaying multiproteolytic activities. These complexes have been implicated in the antigen degradation process that generates peptides associated with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I molecule. RING10 and RING12 are genes encoded by the class-II region of the human MHC that have sequence homology to proteasome-encoding genes. We have identified a yeast gene, called PRG1, that encodes a protein predicted to contain 55.6% sequence identity to 80% of the RING10 gene product. Genomic disruption of PRG1 revealed that it is essential for yeast cell growth. These data strongly indicate that the antigen-processing system present in vertebrates evolved from a basic cellular process present in all organisms.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Traumatic hemipelvectomy.

Traumatic hemipelvectomy is an uncommon and devastating injury with few patients alive when they reach the hospital. There are only 19 reported survivors of this injury. This group includes 17 males and 2 females. All had severe, associated injuries. The mechanism of injury involved motorcycle, automobile, pedestrian/motor vehicle, or heavy machinery accidents. All surviving patients are young (10-34 years of age). Most suffered from a variety of postoperative complications. Two interesting patients with traumatic hemipelvectomy are reported. One involves a new mechanism of injury, the propellor of a motorboat. The management of these 2 patients is explained, the experience of others with similar injuries is reviewed, and the benefit of reconstruction with the gluteus myocutaneous flap is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Actions of acetylcholine and GABA on spontaneous contractions of the filariid, Dipetalonema viteae.

1. Isotonic contractions were recorded from the filarial nematode, Dipetalonema viteae (Acanthocheilonema viteae), in an isolated tissue chamber. 2. Nicotine (10(-6) M) and pilocarpine (10(-5) M) increased the spontaneous contractions in the intact filariid, but acetylcholine (ACh, 10(-4) M) and muscarine (10(-5) M) were inactive. 3. When ACh was applied to an opened D. viteae, it was 10,000 times more potent. This indicates that the cuticle is an effective barrier to the penetration of ACh to the muscle cells. 4. The effects of ACh on the opened D. viteae were not affected by hexamethonium (10(-3) M) or atropine (10(-5) M) and were only partially reduced by (+)-tubocurarine (10(-4) M). 5. gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA, 10(-3) M) reduced the spontaneous activity of the intact D. viteae; however, the effect of GABA had a slow onset and recovery. Muscimol (10(-5) M) was more potent than GABA and had a more rapid onset and recovery. 6. GABA was 1,000 times more potent on the opened D. viteae than on the intact D. viteae. Baclofen (10(-3) M) was inactive on both preparations. 7. The effect of GABA was not antagonized by bicuculline (10(-4) M), picrotoxin (10(-5) M or penicillin G (10(-3) M). 8. It is concluded that the filariid cuticle acts like a lipid structure and blocks the penetration of polar substances, such as ACh and GABA. Also, due to the lack of efficacy of the ACh and GABA antagonists, it was concluded that the nematode receptors are somewhat different from the mammalian ACh and GABA receptors.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1990

Electromagnetically generated extracorporeal shockwaves for fragmentation of extra-and intrahepatic bile duct stones: indications, success and problems during a 15 months clinical experience.

Electromagnetically generated extracorporeal shock waves (without waterbath) were applied after intravenous premedication with 10-15 mg diazepam and 100 mg tramadol in the treatment of 33 patients (aged 32 to 91 years) with multiple intrahepatic stones (n = 4) or huge common bile duct stones (n = 29, 18-30 mm in diameter), which could not be removed by conventional endoscopy. Stone disintegration was achieved in 70% of common bile duct stones and in all intrahepatic concrements after 800-7500 discharges, which were applied during one (n = 21), two (n = 6) or three sessions (n = 6). Apart from mild fleabite-like petechiae at the side of shock wave transmission no other side effects were observed for a total of 51 procedures. We believe electromagnetically generated shock waves are safe, easy to apply, and relatively effective in the therapy of common bile duct and intrahepatic stones.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Dysfunctional cognitions, attributional style, and depression in bulimia.

A group of 44 bulimic women (DSM-III) as well as 38 women with no indication of an eating disorder, comparable with respect to age, weight and height, were studied by means of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), the Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ), and an Eating Disorder Questionnaire (EDQ). Bulimics showed significantly higher BDI, DAS and ASQ (bad events) scores, respectively. In both groups BDI scores were significantly correlated with DAS and ASQ (bad events) results. BDI was highly predictive of severity of bulimia while no significant prediction was obtained from either DAS or ASQ (bad events) scores. The findings provide first evidence that dysfunctional attitudes and depressive attributional style are predominant in bulimic women but at the same time are not necessarily predictive of the severity of the disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Transposon mutagenesis of baculoviruses: analysis of Trichoplusia ni transposon IFP2 insertions within the FP-locus of nuclear polyhedrosis viruses.

The transposable IFP2 element of Trichoplusia ni was originally isolated as a host DNA insertion in spontaneous FP mutants of Galleria mellonella or Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (NPVs). The termini of IFP2 insertions from five independently isolated FP mutants were sequenced. In all cases IFP2 is flanked by 13-bp terminal inverted repeats and has additional inverted repeats of 19 bp in length located asymmetrically with respect to the ends of the element. Insertion of IFP2 into the viral genome always generated a duplication of the tetranucleotide target site, TTAA. There was an apparent preference for insertion within a 12-bp A + T-rich imperfect palindromic sequence surrounding the target site. Sequence analysis of three independent IFP2 elements revealed an internal domain of 2.475 kb containing an RNA polymerase II promoter region and two large open reading frames. Primer extension analysis of IFP2-specific mRNA positioned the 5' terminus of the transcript. The element is present in DNA isolated from T. ni cell lines TN-368 and TN-5B1, but is not apparent in DNAs isolated from the TN-R2 cell line or our laboratory colony of T. ni larvae, suggesting IFP2 was recently introduced into the T. ni genome.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Electromagnetically generated extracorporeal shock waves for gallstone lithotripsy: in vitro experiments and clinical relevance.

First generation shock wave sources have been proved to disintegrate gallstones effectively, but they require the immersion of the patient's body in a tank of water. A recently developed second generation shock wave source (Siemens-Lithostar, Erlangen, FRG) generates shock waves electromagnetically. It presents several novel features. In particular the waterbath can be omitted and due to lower shock wave pressure general anaesthesia is not required. In vitro studies showed that 36 out of 38 gallstones (11-30 mm in diameter) could be disintegrated. Two concrements resisting lithotripsy were pure white cholesterol stones. Independent of shape, size, and composition (cholesterol or pigment) the maximum diameter of remaining fragments after lithotripsy was between 1 and 8 mm. For sufficient disintegration precise focusing (+/- 1 cm) of the stones and maximum power of the shock wave generator were required.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1982

Naphthyridinomycin, a DNA-reactive antibiotic.

Naphthyridinomycin is a novel quinone antibiotic that is produced in liquid shake cultures by Streptomyces lusitanus. Fermentation studies have shown that this antibiotic is produced maximally after 96 h of cell growth. L-[methyl-3H]methionine efficiently labels naphthyridinomycin when it is added to a fermentation mixture 24 h before culture is harvested. Unlabeled and radioactively labeled naphthyridinomycin were used to determine the mechanism of action of this unique antibiotic. Naphthyridinomycin inhibited bacterial growth primarily by inhibiting DNA synthesis. The structural similarity between naphthyridinomycin and the saframycins suggested that naphthyridinomycin might inhibit DNA synthesis by binding to the template. In vitro studies with radiolabeled naphthyridinomycin indicated that this antibiotic does specifically bind to calf thymus DNA. The binding reaction was enhanced by adding sulfhydryl-containing compounds; dithiothreitol was the best activating agent. DNA-naphthyridinomycin complexes were a poor substrate for enzymes that catalyze DNA-directed DNA and RNA syntheses. These results showed that naphthyridinomycin is similar to the saframycins in its reactivity toward DNA and suggested that the mechanism by which naphthyridinomycin inhibits DNA synthesis is through its ability to bind specifically to the DNA template of the cell.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Intrinsic ADP-ribose transferase activity versus levels of mono(adp-ribose)protein conjugates in proliferating Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.

Transition of proliferating Ehrlich ascites tumor cells (3 days after transplantation) to the non-proliferating status (8--14 days after transplantation) was associated with an increase in total mono (ADP-ribose) protein conjugates. This increase was largely confined to the NH2OH-resistant subfraction. When the amounts of mono-(ADP-ribose) conjugates from 20% trichloroacetic acid precipitates were compared with those from 5% perchloric acid precipitates, no significant differences were seen. This fact excludes histone H1 as a major mono (ADP-ribose) acceptor in vivo in these cells. Transition to the resting state was also associated with a small decrease in NAD levels, and with no significant changes of total ADP-ribose transferase activity. However intrinsic ADP-ribose transferase activity as expressed in permeabilized cells was increased, being correlated with the changes in the level of the NH2OH-resistant mono (ADP-ribose) protein conjugates. This shows that alterations in intrinsic transferase activity may, in general, indicate similar alterations in major subfractions of ADP-ribose conjugates. Intrinsic ADP-ribose transferase activity exhibited an inverse relationship to ornithine decarboxylase activity.

Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose↗