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Biomedical subjects

M Gobbi

Publications and source records attributed to M Gobbi.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Normal equivalent cells of B cell malignancies: analysis with monoclonal antibodies.

Immunoglobulin heavy chain expression and reactivity of monoclonal antibodies RFA-1, -2, -3, -4 and OKT10 discriminate between majority B lymphocyte populations in the bone marrow and in peripheral lymphoid organs. In this study normal tissues and various B cell malignancies were studied in cell suspensions and tissue sections. Pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and multiple myeloma apparently reflect the phenotypes on normal B lineage cells of the bone marrow, while centroblastic-centrocytic lymphoma, B chronic lymphoid leukaemia (CLL) and prolymphocytic leukaemia (PLL) show the characteristics of distinct peripheral B lymphoid subsets found at different sites in the lymphoid tissue. These 'normal equivalent' cells are centroblasts and centrocytes in the germinal centre. CLL-like cells at the edge of the germinal centre (a minority population) and strongly Ig positive cells in the lymphocyte corona. Malignant cells in macroglobulinaemia are apparently more closely related to PLL and the corresponding normal peripheral B cells (in the corona) than to myeloma cells or the equivalent normal plasma cells in the bone marrow.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

Prognostic value of bone marrow plasma cell infiltration in stage I multiple myeloma.

We analysed for prognosis and response to chemotherapy a series of 48 consecutive stage I myeloma patients who were treated with melphalan and prednisone soon after diagnosis. It was found that the extent of bone marrow plasma cell infiltration had prognostic value, the survival of the patients with more than 50% plasma cells being significantly shorter (P less than 0.005) than that of the patients with less than 50% plasma cells. In the latter group, the observed number of deaths was so small (two cases) as to preclude any further analysis. In contrast, in the former group, a significant relationship between the response to chemotherapy and patients' survival (P less than 0.001) was demonstrated. We conclude that a prospective randomized trial of treatment versus no treatment is warranted in stage I patients who have a high risk of death (i.e. with a high bone marrow plasma cell infiltration) in order to establish whether chemotherapy prolongs the length of survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Glucocorticoid receptor and in vitro sensitivity to steroid hormones in human lymphoproliferative diseases and myeloid leukemia.

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) quantitation by a whole-cell assay and/or cytosol technique and the in vitro sensitivity to steroids have been assessed in peripheral blood cells from normal donors and patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), lymphosarcoma cell leukemia (LSCL), acute nonlymphatic leukemia (ANLL), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Within the lymphoproliferative diseases, ALL cells exhibited the highest GR concentration (regardless of the method used) and the highest in vitro inhibition of spontaneous [3H]thymidine ([3H]TdR) uptake by glucocorticoids. A significant relationship between GR concentration (whole-cell assay) and in vitro sensitivity to dexamethasone was also found. On the contrary, CLL cells presented the highest sensitivity to glucocorticoids in PHA-stimulated cell cultures. Cells from the only two ALL patients who did not undergo a remission after glucocorticoid-inclusive chemotherapy had both the lowest in vitro sensitivity to dexamethasone and the lowest GR concentration with whole-cell assay. Concerning myeloid leukemia, ANLL patients had GR concentrations slightly higher than those found in the ALL group but exhibited the lowest degree of inhibition of spontaneous [3H]TdR uptake by dexamethasone (stimulatory effects occurred in some cases). CML cells exhibited an inhibition degree by in vitro glucocorticoids significantly higher than that of ANLL cells but not different from that of lymphoproliferative diseases. No clear relationship among GR pattern, in vitro cell sensitivity to glucocorticoids, and clinicohematologic parameters was observed in myeloid leukemia-bearing patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Infrequent normal B lymphocytes express features of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

An infrequent (2-3%) B lymphocyte subpopulation was found in the normal human tonsil and lymph nodes that shows the phenotypic characteristics of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) (rosette formation with mouse erythrocytes, weak expression of membrane Ig, staining for HLA-DR, and OKT1 or Leu-1 detecting a T cell-associated p65 antigen). Preliminary evidence suggests that at least a subpopulation of these cells is found, in small proportions, within the germinal centers. These cells were not observed in the human bone marrow. B-CLL may involve this peripheral B lymphocyte subset.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Characterization of T-lymphocyte subsets in hairy-cell leukaemia (HCL) by monoclonal antibodies: comparison with Fc gamma, Fc mu receptors and correlation with disease activity.

T lymphocytes from 22 patients with hairy-cell leukaemia (HCL) were assessed on the basis of their ability to bind the Fc receptors for IgM (T mu) or IgG (T gamma), and by the capacity to react with OKT monoclonal antibodies. T-cell subsets defined by the presence of Fc receptors for IgM or IgG showed an overall increase in the proportion of T gamma cells and a non-significant decrease of T mu cells, regardless of the clinical state of the disease. Results with monoclonal antibodies showed that in patients with HCL in clinical remission T-cell subsets were normally balanced, while in patients with active disease the distribution and absolute number of T-cell subpopulations appeared markedly impaired, with a significant increase of OKT8 positive cells (suppressor/cytotoxic) and a significant reduction of OKT4 positive cells (helper/inducer) compared both with active disease patients and with normal controls. The OKT4+/OKT8+ ratio was also significantly reduced in patients with active disease compared with those in clinical remission and with controls (0.96 v 1.63 and v 1.94, respectively). Our findings confirm the heterogeneity of T-cell subset positivity defined by monoclonal antibodies and by Fc mu and Fc gamma receptors and suggest that in patients with HCL the distribution of OKT4 and OKT8 positive cells is closely correlated to the clinical state of the disease.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1982

Staging of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

One-hundred and eighty-eight patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia were analyzed for prognosis based on Rai's staging system. It was found that stages I and II were not homogeneous as to prognosis. Stage II patients presenting with isolated splenomegaly had a long survival and were pooled with stage 0 patients (low risk group, 30% of cases, relative death rate 0.24, median survival greater than 10 yr). Stages I and II patients with a lymphocyte count higher than 40 x 10(9)/liter had a short survival and were pooled with stages III and IV patients (high risk group, 39% of cases, relative death rate 1.91, median survival 3.3 yr). Stages I and II patients with a lymphocyte count lower than 40 x 10(9)/liter made up an intermediate or standard risk group (31% of cases, relative death rate 1.00, median survival 6.2 yr). This modified staging system applied successfully to both old and young patients (more and less than 60 yr old, respectively).

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Long survival in acute myelogenous leukaemia: an international collaborative study.

A group of 82 adult patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia had survived in continuous first remission for more than three years was studied. These long-surviving patients were being treated at 12 referral centres in Europe and the USA, and they were compared with other patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia from 10 of these centres. There was no clear difference in the amount of induction chemotherapy or the time taken to achieve remission. Immunotherapy was not found to improve chances of long-term survival. The 82 patients were also compared with a group of 115 patients who had no appreciable difference in the number of blood or marrow myeloblasts between these two groups at presentation, but the long survivors had significantly higher initial platelet counts and were slightly younger. The long survivors also tended to have a lower total white cell count at presentation and lower granulocyte counts; there was no obvious explanation for these differences. Eight of the 82 patients relapsed from three to four years after remission and two (of 69 patients) after four to five year. Thereafter relapse was rare, and it seems likely that some of the 40 patients who have survived for five years or more are cured.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

T gamma cell deficiency in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

A significant reduction in the proportion and absolute number of circulating T gamma (suppressor) lymphocytes was observed in 15 adult patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The proportion of T gamma cells was also reduced in the spleen of four patients so investigated. This abnormality was not seen in 5 patients cured by splenectomy whilst it persisted in 3 who remained thrombocytopenic after splenectomy. The proportion of Tmu (helper) lymphocytes in ITP was normal. These findings, similar to those reported in systemic lupus erythematosus, suggest that an inbalance of the immunoregulatory T-cell subsets may be important in the pathogenesis of ITP.

Adult↗