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Biomedical subjects

M Giroud

Publications and source records attributed to M Giroud.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Epidemiology of cerebrovascular accidents. According to Dijon's registry (1985-1988)].

The results of a 4-year prospective study of stroke in a community of 140,000 people are reported. Eight hundred and forty-two strokes were recorded, 70 per cent in University Hospitals, 20 per cent in private hospitals and 10 per cent at home. Ninety-four per cent of the patients had a CT scan. The annual incidence of stroke was 145/100,000 people, whereas the incidences of infarct, cerebral haemorrhage and subarachnoid haemorrhage were 121, 21 and 6.6/100,000 people respectively. These results, compared with those of other registers, clearly show the superiority of population-based registers over hospital-based registers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Familial benign neonatal seizures: EEG, clinical, prognosis and genetic features].

The authors describe 3 families in which several members presented convulsions exclusively during the neonatal period. The EEG and clinical findings showed typical short neonatal convulsions lasting several months and with no apparent etiology. The dominantly inherited transmission is certain. Prognosis is very good, although 14% of the cases in the literature present an onset of epilepsy after 20 years of age. Even though this phenomenon is unusual, the rarity of its description probably stems from lack of knowledge rather than low incidence. We thus would like to show that, even in the neonatal period, familial epilepsy can occur.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Stroke in a French prospective population study.

Since 1985 there has been a Stroke Registry in Dijon to record every stroke occurring in the population of a city of 140,000 inhabitants. The survey has been exhaustive and included the numerous sources of information as well as CT scanning. The annual incidence is 145/100,000 with an annual specific incidence of 170/100,000 in men, 126/100,000 in women. The annual specific incidence shows a female preponderance until 30 years of age, after which the males lead from the age of 30 to 80, when the rates become equal. Sixty-eight percent of strokes produced by infarct, 12% by lacunae, 5% by subarachnoid hemorrhage and 15% by cerebral hemorrhage. Differences exist in this distribution, with the preponderance of young people in subarachnoid hemorrhage, and cerebral hemorrhage is commoner in the 5th decade while infarct increases with age in both sexes. Infarct appears commoner during winter, transient ischemic attacks during summer, while cerebral hemorrhage has a constant incidence during the year. Mortality is high mainly during the 1st month with 12.5% during the 1st week, 21.5% the 1st month and 30% the 1st year. Our results are in the mean similar to white occidental countries, but opposite to those observed in Japan; they emphasize the importance of the lacunar syndrome, and the seasonal variations in different types of stroke.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Advantages of a single daily dose of sodium valproate in the child].

This study was aimed at testing the efficacy and innocuousness of a single dose of sodium valproate (SV) for the treatment of epilepsy, as compared with 3 daily doses. It was tested on 35 children, 5 to 15 years of age, presenting with the idiopathic form of generalized epilepsy. At the end of one year of treatment with 20 mg/kg/day of SV in 3 daily doses, the children were given a single dose at 8 PM daily. Every 3 months for a period of one year, patients were examined in order to monitor the clinical efficacy and side effects, liver function tests and serum levels of SV at 9 AM and 6 PM. Twenty patients who were well controlled with 3 daily doses had no fits with the single dose treatment. Ten patients, who had had one fit every 6 months during the observation year had no convulsions during the year on a single dose: however, 5 others who had had one fit every 6 months with 3 doses, had fits with the same frequency with the single dose treatment. There were no side effects. SV plasma levels at 9 AM were always higher than those at 6 PM. The efficacy of a single dose may result from the action of SV which increases the intra-cerebral levels of GABA, which are delayed and prolonged.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Epilepsy with rolandic paroxysms and migraine, a non-fortuitous association. Results of a controlled study].

The incidence of migraine was studied in 4 groups of patients: patients with centro-temporal epilepsy, patients with absence of epilepsy, patients with partial epilepsy, and non-epileptic patients with a history of cranial trauma. Migraines were present in 62% of the patients with centro-temporal epilepsy, 34% of the patients with absence of epilepsy, 8% of the patients with partial epilepsy and 6% of the patients with cranial trauma. These results suggest that the association of centro-temporal epilepsy and migraine is non-fortuitous as well as, to a lesser degree, absence of epilepsy and migraine. The authors discuss the role of serotonin in the association epilepsy-migraine and suggest that centro-temporal epilepsy might be a feature for the diagnosis of migraine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Infraclinical neuropathies related to immunodeficiency virus infection associated with higher T-helper cell count.

To assess subclinical involvement of the peripheral nervous system and its relationship to the immunological status of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, we prospectively studied the peripheral nerve conductions and the subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes of HIV patients. Fifty-seven patients, aged 20-54 years, 28 homosexuals and 29 heterosexuals, classified as CDC II-III (40 patients) and CDC IV (17 patients) were studied. No neurological symptoms or signs were present on bedside examination or questioning for all of the CDC II-III patients. For each conduction measured (H-reflex, sural and sciatic velocities, sural amplitude), the geometric mean was below normal values (p less than 0.05). Among the 57 HIV-infected patients, 20 (35%) had a significant decrease of at least one electrophysiologic measurement: 10/17 CDC IV patients vs. 10/40 CDC II-III patients (p less than 0.05). Two or more simultaneous abnormalities were more often observed in the CDC IV than in the CDC II-III group (9/10 vs. 4/10) (p less than 0.01). In the CDC II-III group, patients with subclinical neuropathies had higher T-helper and lower T-suppressor cell counts and higher T-helper/T-suppressor ratios than random patients without any neurologic abnormalities (1,057 vs. 657 cells/microliters, p less than 0.05, and 757 vs. 1,304 cells/microliters, p less than 0.01, 1.55 vs. 0.68, p less than 0.01, respectively). We conclude that (a) the peripheral nervous system is precociously and subclinically involved in the HIV disease; (b) the patients with infraclinical neuropathies have a significantly higher T-helper cell count than those without any neurologic involvement. The mechanism and the prognostic value of these two findings remain to be more precisely examined, and further studies are required.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Cerebral vascular complications in the population of Dijon. Incidence-breakdown-mortality].

Since 1985, a stroke registry has registered every stroke in this town, of about 140,000 inhabitants. A CT Scan and numerous sources of information have allowed to achieve an exhaustive survey. The annual incidence of stroke has been 145/100,000. The annual specific incidence for age is 170/100,000 in men, 126/100,000 in women. The annual specific incidence for age and sex has shown a female preponderance until 30 and a male preponderance after this age. At 80, the rates became equal. Sixty-eight per cent of stroke were due to an infarct, 12 p. 100 to lacunae, 5 p. 100 to subarachnoid hemorrhage and 15% to cerebral hemorrhage. A preponderance of young people was found in subarachnoid hemorrhage, of the fifth decade in cerebral hemorrhage, while infarct rose up with age in the 2 sexes. Infarcts appeared predominantly during winter, while transient ischemic attacks appeared more often during summer. Cerebral hemorrhage had a constant incidence over the year. Mortality was high, mainly during the first month with 12.5 p. 100 during the first week, 21.5 p. 100 during the first month, and 30 p. 100 the first year. Our results appear to set in the mean of white occidental countries as opposed to Japan. They emphasize the important and underestimated place of lacunae and the seasonal variations of several causal varieties of stroke.

Age Factors↗