Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Gillet.
The authors report a case of hypernephroma revealed by an acute surgical abdomen. The laparotomy found a stercoral peritonitis. A review of the literature shows that this observation is exceptional.
The study was carried out on patients with intermittent claudication (Fontaine's stage II). The arterial and atheromatous origin of the disease was confirmed and localized by angiography or Doppler velocimetry examination. One hundred eighty-six patients were selected initially. Their pain-free walking distance on a treadmill (at a speed of 3 km/hour and an inclination of 10%) had to be 150-300 m. During the first month all patients received 3 placebo tablets daily. At the end of this run-in period (D-30; D 0) and after checking walking distance stability (allowed variation: +/- 20% between the two measurements) the patients were included in the study. One hundred fifty-four patients were selected and 118 remained during the whole study. The study was designed as a double-blind, using two parallel randomly selected groups. Sixty-four patients received for six months Naftidrofuryl (3 X 200 mg tablets daily with meals); 54 patients received placebo under the same conditions. During this period, clinical and paraclinical examinations were carried out every quarter (D 90 and D 180). After checking the initial homogeneity of the Naftidrofuryl and placebo-groups, the comparison between groups indicates a significant improvement in Naftidrofuryl group after 3 and 6 months of treatment. At the end of the study the observed differences in walking distance with Naftidrofuryl are approximately twice the difference in the reference group (D 90: p less than 0.05; D 180: p less than 0.02). The results of this study indicate that Naftidrofuryl is an efficient pharmacological tool for treatment of patients with chronic arterial disease (Fontaine's stage II).
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Pathological prognostic factors of rectal adenocarcinoma were studied retrospectively in 173 patients who underwent curative resection between 1970 and 1980. Analysis was mono- and multifactorial. Minimal and median follow-up were 24 and 66 months respectively. Three factors had a favorable influence on the local failure (LF) and distant metastasis (DM) risks: length of the tumor less than 2 cm; polypoid aspect; Astler-Coller's stage A. Four factors increased the LF risks: perineural invasion (LF = 57 p. 100); poorly differentiated or colloid tumors (LF = 50 p. 100); lymph node metastasis (LF: 43 p. 100); lymphatic invasion (LF = 36 p. 100). Two factors increased the DM risks: perineural invasion (DM = 43 p. 100); lymph node metastasis (DM = 37 p. 100). The multifactorial analysis showed that the risk factors were the same for LF as for DM. Perineural invasion (p less than 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p less than 0.002), level of extension of the tumor in the rectal wall (p = 0.005) were the most important factors for local recurrences. Lymph node metastasis (p less than 0.001), perineural invasion (p = 0.03) and level of extension in the wall (p = 0.05) were the most important factors for DM. These data suggest that a failure risks scale may be established and can be of help in stratifying patients in adjuvant treatment studies.
The authors report a case in which hyperparathyroidism recurred after total parathyroidectomy and autogenous parathyroid graft into the fore-arm musculature, in a patient with chronic renal failure. Light and electron microscopic studies of the grafted tissue show a severe, nodular hyperplasia. This case report illustrates the rapid "tumour-like" growth of the hyperplastic parathyroid grafted tissue; according to some authors, the hyperplastic parathyroid tissue displays an increased propensity to become malignant.
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Flubendazole has been given at a daily dosage of 50 mg/kg for 16 months (extremes 10 and 24 months) to 10 patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. Clinical, morphological and immunological evaluations have been performed every 2 months during the treatment, and in 6 patients after discontinuation of the drug for 24 months. Jaundice persisted or occurred in 7 patients; infectious complications were observed in 4 patients; portal hypertension appeared in 5 patients; metastatic spread was suspected in 2 patients. Subjective improvement and weight gain were reported by 6 patients during the first 4 months of treatment. Severe complications occurring during the period of FZ therapy or within 2 months after withdrawal of the drug led to surgery in 6 patients, and death occurred in 3 cases. These observations demonstrate the inefficacy of FZ in this series of 10 patients with alveolar echinococcosis, possibly related to the extremely poor bioavailability of FZ. Higher plasma concentrations obtained with mebendazole and albendazole could explain the better efficacy of these two drugs despite their similar chemical structures and experimental toxicity upon larval cestodes.
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The aim of this study was to look for correlations between the metabolic clearance rate of antipyrine and (a) the concentration of cytochrome P-450, and (b) the NADPH cytochrome c reductase, aminopyrine demethylase, and aniline hydroxylase activities in the liver microsomes of 20 patients without liver diseases. The results confirmed interindividual differences in the values of in vivo and in vitro assessments of hepatic drug metabolism. No significant correlation appeared in this group of patients between the metabolic clearance rate of antipyrine and the microsomal amount of cytochrome P-450, whereas the metabolic clearance rate of antipyrine exhibited a significant relationship to the NADPH cytochrome c reductase (p < 0.05), aminopyrine demethylase (p < 0.05), and aniline hydroxylase (p < 0.02) activities. These results suggest that the metabolic clearance rate of antipyrine: (a) is not strictly related to the amount of cytochrome P-450 in hepatic microsomes; and (b) although significantly related to the activity of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes, does not have a predictive value to assess the enzyme equipment of liver microsomes in a given normal subject.
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Lipid rich diets containing about 20% of triglycerides or phospholipids given to Rats during 2 months were observed to increase lipase and phospholipase A2 activities in pancrease and pancreatic juice. The phospholipase and lipase activities are higher, respectively, on the phospholipid and triglyceride diet. Lower effects are observed after a 7-day administration of diet containing 40% of total lipid.