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Biomedical subjects

M Geppert

Publications and source records attributed to M Geppert.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Histologic changes in dog lymph nodes after endolymphatic application of bleomycin oil suspension.

Bleomycin oil suspension (Oil-Bleo) was injected endolymphatically in a dog experiment. The drug remained in lymph nodes over many weeks in detectable concentrations. The histologic changes in these lymph nodes were examined and compared with 3 controls (aqueous Bleomycin, Lipiodol, and no treatment). Granulomatous reaction, microabscesses, and small necrotic foci were observed. After a month, fibrosis was detectable in all lymph nodes. The damage to microscopic lymph node structures after Oil-Bleo was moderate. These findings suggest that Oil-Bleo may be useful in local treatment of lymph node metastases.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Retroperitoneal lymph nodal visualization using 30% Guajazulen blue (chromolymphography).

Guajazulen, a dark blue lipid-soluble dye was used to stain retroperitoneal lymph nodes before lymphadenectomy. Initially, a 30% solution of Guajazulen (Merck, Darmstadt, FRG) in iodinated oil (Lipiodol, Byk-Gulden, Konstant, FRG) was injected endolymphatically in the hindlimbs of pigs (n = 10) and dogs (n = 8) to better visualize retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Because of encouraging results, 11 patients with testicular cancer undergoing staging or therapeutic laparotomy underwent endolymphatic injection of this dye solution preoperatively. The excellent staining of retroperitoneal lymph nodes facilitated nodal selectivity during lymphadenectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Teratoma of the placenta].

The authors describe an extremely rare case of a teratoma of the placenta. The course of pregnancy was complicated by an EPH-gestosis pattern of signs and symptoms, and the foetus had hydrocephalus and a maxillary cleft combined with generalised hydrops foetalis and hydramnion. The morphological criteria of a placental teratoma are described and the requisite differential diagnostic delineations are drawn.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

[Chlamydia trachomatis--histomorphologic finding in infection of the uterine cervix].

Uterine cervix biopsies from 20 women, in whom cell cultures were chlamydia-positive, were compared with 20 biopsies from chlamydia-negative women on the basis of inflammatory changes and proliferative epithelial reactions. There was a tendency towards severe chronic lymphocytic inflammations, especially those associated with the rare clinical picture of follicular cervicitis, and towards acute erosive forms and microabscesses to be found more frequently among the chlamydia-positive women. Hyperplasia of the reserve cells, which was probably connected with the more severe inflammatory reactions, with normotypical and dysplastic proliferations, was also seen more frequently in the chlamydia-positive group. The difficulty of distinguishing hyperplastic reserve cells from dysplastic squamous epithelia in cytological smears offers an explanation why such cases are relatively frequently overrated in cytological diagnosis. No chlamydia-typical changes of the cell nuclei or of the cytoplasm were found. It thus appears impossible to detect chlamydia in routine histological diagnosis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

Presynaptic opioid receptors modulating acetylcholine release in the hippocampus of the rabbit.

Slices of the rabbit hippocampus were preincubated with 3H-choline, rinsed and superfused continuously. The release of 3H-acetylcholine in these slices, evoked by electrical field stimulation, was strongly reduced by the preferential kappa-agonists ethylketocyclazocine, dynorphin A (1-13) and dynorphin A (1-17). Dynorphin A (1-9) and (-)MR 2034 [(-)5,9-dimethyl-2'-OH-2-tetrahydrofurfuryl-6, 7-benzomorphan] were less potent, the (+)enantiomer of (-)MR 2034 was ineffective. Whereas the mu-agonist DAGO (D-Ala2-Gly-ol5-enkephalin) showed significant depressant effects, two other mu-agonists morphine and morphiceptine, as well as the delta-agonists DADLE (D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin) and Leu-enkephalin were much less inhibitory. The preferential mu-antagonist (-)naloxone as well as (-)MR 2266 [(-)N-(3-furylmethyl)-alpha-noretazocine], a preferential kappa-antagonist, did not increase acetylcholine release when given alone, but antagonized the effect of ethylketocyclazocine; (-)MR 2266 (Ke: 1.6 nmol/l) was about 4 times more potent than (-)naloxone (Ke: 6.3 nmol/l). The inhibitory effects of DAGO and DADLE were abolished by (-)MR 2266 (0.1 mumol/l) but not by the delta-antagonist ICI 174864 (N,N-diallyl-Tyr-Aib-Phe-Leu-OH, 0.3 mumol/l). It is concluded that the release of acetylcholine in the hippocampus of the rabbit is inhibited at the level of the axon terminals via kappa-receptors; in addition, mu-receptors may be present. An inhibitory tone of endogenous opioid peptides on hippocampal acetylcholine release could not be demonstrated. Experiments on rat hippocampal slices showed that in this species mu- rather than kappa-receptors may modulate acetylcholine release.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of opioid receptors modulating noradrenaline release in the hippocampus of the rabbit.

Noradrenaline (NA) release and its modulation via presynaptic opioid receptors were studied in rabbit hippocampal slices, which were preincubated with [3H]NA, continuously superfused in the presence of 30 microM cocaine and stimulated electrically. The evoked release of [3H]NA was strongly reduced by the preferential kappa-agonists ethylketocyclazocine, dynorphin A1-13, dynorphin A, trans-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl] -benzeneacetamide (U-50,488), and (-)-5,9-dimethyl-2'-OH-2-tetrahydrofurfuryl-6,7-benzomorphan [(-)-MR 2034], whereas (+)-MR 2035 [the (+)-enantiomer of (-)-MR 2034] was ineffective. In contrast, the preferential delta-agonists Leu-enkephalin, Met-enkephalin, and D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin (DADLE) as well as the mu-agonists morphine, normorphine, D-Ala2-Gly-ol5-enkephalin (DAGO), and beta-casomorphin 1-4 amide (morphiceptin) were much less potent. However, in similar experiments on rat hippocampal slices DAGO (1 microM) was much more potent than ethylketocyclazocine (1 microM) or DADLE (1 microM). (-)-N-(3-furylmethyl)-alpha-noretazocine [(-)-MR 2266], 1 microM, a preferential kappa-antagonist, antagonized the effect of ethylketocyclazocine more potently than (-)-naloxone or (+)-MR 2267 [the (+)-enantiomer of (-)-MR 2266]. Given alone, (-)-MR 2266 slightly and (+)-MR 2267 (1 microM each) greatly enhanced NA release, apparently due to alpha 2-adrenoceptor blockade since their effects were completely abolished in the presence of yohimbine (0.1 microM).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Histological structure of the primary tumor and status of the regional lymph nodes in breast cancer].

In 170 primary invasive carcinomas of the breast, morphological criteria of the primary tumour--tumour size, WHO classification, malignancy according to Bloom, number and status of foci, lymphangiosis carcinomatosa, stroma reaction--were compared with the axillary lymph node status. In addition, the numbers of resected lymph nodes of metastasised and non-metastasised carcinomas were compared, taking into consideration the number of affected lymph nodes. In patients with more than three affected lymph nodes there were significantly more resected lymph nodes. It is possible that the degree of metastasising exercises an influence on the size of the lymph nodes and hence on the likelihood of their being detected in the axillary fatty connective tissue. The importance of histological structural classification of the primary tumour (WHO) and of the tumour size, for metastasising into the axillary lymph nodes, was confirmed. No significant correlation was found between prognostically relevant tumour criteria on the one hand, and the qualitative proof of metastases in the axillary lymph nodes on the other. Particularly in cases without established involvement of the lymph nodes, it will be necessary to take into account relevant structural criteria of the primary tumour when planning an appropriate therapy.

Axilla↗
PubMed1984

[Chorangiomas (hemangiomas of the placenta). I. Pathological anatomy and pregnancy complications].

Clinical and pathologic-anatomic criteria were compared in 233 cases of chorangiomas from literature (7 own observations among them). Concerning parity and age of the patients there were no peculiarities. Hemorrhages before, during and after birth could be observed more frequently. Operations like caesarean section, forceps and manual removal of placenta have not been carried out more than in a normal frequency. In chorangiomas there were more gemini and more female fetuses. An explanation of these phenomena cannot be given. The same can be applied to the accumulation of gestoses and hydramnios, especially in large chorangiomas. A histologic examination of the placentas is proposed in complicated pregnancies, especially in gestoses and hydramnios. Only in this way it may be possible to detect microscopically small chorangiomas connections with the complications of pregnancy listed above.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Chorangiomas (hemangiomas of the placenta). II. Pathologic-anatomic comparison of neonatal complications].

Fetal and neonatal complications in chorangiomas of different size, in multiple chorangiomas and in cases accompanied with hydramnios were reviewed in 110 cases from literature inclusively 7 own observations. In accordance with other examiners we found an increasing perinatal mortality, especially of the antenatal mortality rate corresponding with an increasing tumor size. Chorangiomas with hydramnios had a mortality of 80 per cent. In these cases only a small part was caused by fetal immaturity or severe malformations. Comparing mean placental weight and mean neonatal weight small for date babies had a relative and absolute augmentation of placental tissue in relation to a control group. The conclusion from these findings and the fact that in own cases heavy disorders of villous differentiation could be observed is, that the fetal fate may be fundamentally influenced not only by the hemodynamic disturbance caused by the tumor, but also by the degree of placental differentiation. Large hemangiomas are ought to detect during pregnancy by ultrasound. In singular cases it may be to prevent fetal hypoxia by termination of pregnancy.

Anemia↗
PubMed1983

[Minute carcinomas of the breast in a histologic and mammographic comparison].

Minute carcinomas of the breast in 24 cases with a diameter of maximal 0.5 cm (Group I) were compared with infiltrating carcinomas with a tumour diameter of 1.8 to 2.4 cm (Group II). Qualitative differences to larger carcinomas were found. Microscopically minute carcinomas of group I showed a significantly higher number of lobular and medullary structures, lower malignancy grades I and II of Bloom were found. Lymph vessel invasion and axillary metastases were found less often. The radiological size of minute carcinomas was greater than there microscopic diameter in contradistinction to larger carcinomas which showed a good correlation between microscopic and radiologic diameter of the tumour. The covering tissue rich in fibroblasts and poor in fibers of minute carcinomas is responsible for this difference. The stroma portions rich in fibers of larger carcinomas are responsible for the characteristic spiculae formations in the mammography. The fiber poor tissue around minute carcinomas showed non-characteristic radiological findings. New radiological findings in the contralateral breast especially when combined with micro-calcifications and parenchymal structures P2 and Dy of Wolfe require an immediate biopsy and were found more often in both groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Lymphocytes in the epithelial layers of decidua and normal or abnormal endometrium.

Lymphocytes in the endometrium were counted during infancy, the reproductive age including pregnancy and the postmenopausal era and in various pathological states (cystic-glandular hyperplasia, adenomatous hyperplasia, endometrial polyposis, endometrium after long-standing ingestion of oral contraceptives, endometrial carcinoma). Compared with the child-bearing era, the lymphocyte concentrations in endometrium were markedly lower during infancy and after the menopause. Lymphocyte concentrations were high in cystic-glandular hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma and pregnancy, and low in focal adenomatous hyperplasia and endometrial polyposis. Although histological examination of the endometrium after long-standing ingestion of oral contraceptives showed atrophy, the lymphocyte count was high.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Histomorphometry of the vascularization of the placental villi in diabetic pregnant women].

The pathomorphological findings in the placentae of diabetic pregnant women were studied in 12 cases of maternal diabetes. The vascularization quotient of the placental villi (VQ) is defined as the surface area of the cut across the villus divided by the surface area of the capillaries within the villus. The vascularization quotient of the diabetic mothers was compared with control placentas of healthy maternity patients. It was found that in normal placentas about half of the surface of the villus is taken up by the surface of capillaries (VQ = 0.44). In diabetics about 1/4 of the villus surface is taken up by capillary surface (VQ = 0.23). The villi of diabetic placentas showed in general fewer capillaries in larger villi. These changes were more marked if normo-glycaemia was obtained late in pregnancy by the administration of insulin. The findings were in no correlation to Whites classification of the pregnancy which measures factors which are independent of pregnancy.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1982

[Rare presentations of cytosarcoma Phylloides].

Three cases of cystosarcoma phylloides of the breast are presented. The different microscopic presentations are discussed. The therapeutic and prognostic importance of the histologic differences are discussed. Even after excision of the tumour in what appears to be benign types, recurrence must be expected. The recurrent tumour often shows a higher degree of atypia. The same conclusion is reached in other cases in the literature. An excision of the tumor can only be considered to be sufficient treatment if the microscopic findings show a benign well incapsulated tumour with few cells and the excision has been done well in healthy tissue. This should only take place in young women. Since cystosarcoma phylloides can usually not be differentiated clinically or mammographically from fibro-adenomas not even by cytology all fibroadenomas of the breast must be removed and subjected to microscopic evaluation. A mistake in the microscopic evaluation may arise if not several areas of the tumours are examined. The treatment of choice in cystosarcoma phylloides is removal of the breast especially if there is a marked epithelial component to the carcinosarcoma, axillary lymphadenectomy and possibly postoperative radiation may be necessary.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

The lymphocyte-epithelial cell ratio in tubal mucosa of patients with cervical carcinoma.

The lymphocytes in the luminal subepithelial basement membrane of the uterine tube from patients with cervical carcinoma were counted, and the results compared with those obtained from women of the same age but without cervical carcinoma (cf. Geppert et al. 1977) to determine whether a relationship exists between emigration of lymphocytes into the tubal epithelium and the clinical diagnosis of cervical carcinoma. The comparison indicated that the number of lymphocytes emigrating into the tubal epithelium during the secretory and the proliferative phase in women with cervical carcinoma is significantly lower than that in healthy women from the control group. The differences during the secretory phase were particularly pronounced. The lymphocyte count in patients with cervical carcinoma was only one third that of the healthy women in the control group. Assuming that an immunologic defect is determinative for the development of carcinoma, a decline in the number of lymphocytes emigrating into the tubal epithelium can be interpreted as the reflexion of an immunologic deficiency. It is possible that a disturbance in the lymphocytes epithelial cell ratio in this stage of life could indicate a disposition for those tumors the incidence of which is high in this age group (e.g., squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix). Further study is necessary to establish whether these cells be classified as B or T lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[The electrophoresis mobility (em) test in cervical-intra-epithelial neoplasia (c.i.n.) (author's transl)].

The electrophoresis mobility test (EM) is credited with an accuracy of 70-90% for the diagnosis of gynaecological malignancies. The test was done in 21 patients with dysplasia of carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix, 34 patients without malignant or pre-malignant gynaecological findings and 27 women who were not in medical care at the time of the test. The correlation between the EM test and cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia was thus tested. In patients with dysplasia or carcinoma in situ of the cervix the test was positive in over 80%. False positive tests were found in 35% of the patients with non-malignant or pre-malignant gynaecological findings and in 11% of the 27 patients not in medical care. Despite the possibility of regression of the cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia an identical precentage of patients to those with invasive carcinomas of the cervix showed a positive EM test. The density of lymphocytic cells in the dysplastic epithelium of the cervix was also investigated. A correlation between the migration and inhibition in the EM test and the number of lymphocytic cells in the dysplastic epithelium was not found.

Adult↗