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Biomedical subjects

M Gemperle

Publications and source records attributed to M Gemperle.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[A new ventilator: the Monaghan 228 (author's transl)].

Application of fluidic elements in ventilator technology has resulted in the development of mechanical ventilators for the use in the therapy of acute respiratory failure. We have tested a new apparatus of this type, the Monaghan 228, in the technical laboratory and in clinical use. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: the technical performance of the Monaghan 228 is comparable to that of sophisticated electrically powered and controlled ventilators. The delivered tidal volume remains quite constant with variations of the opposing resistance and with the application of positive end-expiratory pressure. The differences between set and delivered oxygen concentrations do not exceed 4.5% at different tidal volumes. The ventilator has been used in a surgical intensive care unit during the last two years. More than 100 patients have been treated for a total of over 500 days. Clinical experience leads us to conclude that the Monaghan 228 is a versatile, reliable ventilator which can be used for a wide spectrum of diseases requiring mechanical ventilation.

Intensive Care Units↗
PubMed1977

[The effects of the pause at the end of inspiration on gas exchange and hemodynamics during artificial ventilation].

We have studied the effects of an inspiratory pause (PI) during artificial ventilation in 13 patients in acute respiratory insufficiency. The effects on gas exchange, haemodynamics and distribution of ventilation were observed. During the period of study the total volume, the inspiration/expiration ratio and the inspired oxygen concentration were all maintained constant. With the inspiratory pause arterial oxygenation has not changed significantly, whereas it did change favourably with PEEP. The physiological dead space (VD/VT) was reduced in proportion to the duration of the inspiratory pause. These results suggest that the inspiratory pause triggers regional modification of the ventilation/perfusion ratio, favouring a reduction of the VD/VT ratio. However, this improvement of the VD/VT ratio does not seem to influence the oxygenation or the total distribution of ventilation in this type of patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Etomidate: cardiovascular effects of a new intravenous anesthetic agent].

The cardiovascular effects of intravenous Etomidate (0.2 mg/kg) were studied in 14 surgical patients with ages varying from 49 to 90. The anaesthetic induction occurs within 10 seconds and the mean duration of anaesthesia is from 6 to 8 minutes. I.V. Etomidate causes a slight lowering of the mean arterial pressure (8.5 per cent), a negligible increase of the heart rate (2.8 per cent) and an insignificant lowering of the mean pulmonary artery pressure (7 per cent). Cardiac output and stroke volume are respectively lowered by 7.6 per cent and 10 per cent. The peripheral vascular resistance is discreetly reduced by 3.8 per cent. From these results, we believe that Etomidate seems to induce sleep with the lightest hemodynamic disturbances in comparison with other agents commonly used. However, some undesirable side effects appeared in some of our patients which can become somewhat annoying, for example myoclonic movements and pain at the point of injection.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Cardiocirculatory and biochemical effects of dextran 1.8% and ringer's lactate after minor surgical procedures.

The effects of dextran 1.8% in Ringer's lactate solution were compared with infusion of Ringer's lactate alone in two groups of 12 patients after minor surgical interventions. Plasma volume increased significantly only in the dextran treatment patients. We observed a marked hemodilution with both infusions, but all changes had disappeared after 24 hours. No adverse effects on the coagulation process, hepatic and renal function were noted. These results suggest that dextran 1.8% in Ringer's lactate is an effective and safe solution in plasma volume expansion for this type of patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Clinical investigations of the steroid anaesthetic agent CT-1341 (Althesin) (Cardiovascular and respiratory effects)].

The new steroid anaesthetic CT-1341 (Althesin) has been used as an induction agent in dose of 0.07 ml/kg body weight. Following injection, stage 1 anaesthesia is reached in an average of 30 sec with a clinical duration of between 12 and 20 min with total recovery, supported by a normal pre-anaesthetic EEG tracing, in 40 to 50 min. The respiratory depression following injection in characterized by a short period of apnea followed by an increased respiratory rate and a diminished tidal volume; there is a decrease of the pO2 of about 15%, but the pCO2 and pH values do not show significant variations. Concerning its action on the cardiovascular system, there was found an increase of heart rate (+14%), a decrease of both systolic (-19%) and diastolic pressures (minus decrease of both systolic (-19%) and diastolic pressure (-13.5%), central venous pressure and the peripheral vascular resistance (-14%) with hardly any change in the pulmonary artery pressure.

Adult↗