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Biomedical subjects

M Gelb

Publications and source records attributed to M Gelb.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Guide to evaluation of permanent impairment of the temporomandibular joint. American Academy of Head, Neck and Facial Pain; American Academy of Orofacial Pain; American Academy of Pain Management; American College of Prosthodontists; American Equilibration Society and Society of Occlusal Studies; American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons; American Society of Temporomandibular Joint Surgeons; International College of Cranio-mandibular Orthopedics; Society for Occlusal Studies.

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Ankylosis↗
PubMed1994

Stability of cataplexy over several months--information for the design of therapeutic trials.

Twenty-seven narcoleptic patients severely affected with cataplexy completed four symptom diaries over a 4-month period in order to clarify some of the controversies surrounding assessment of anticataplectic medications. The home diary method was found to be a viable model for the assessment of anticataplectic activity. Assessment of reliability in 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- and 10-day intervals indicated that reliability increases with the number of days included. A 10-day design was found to be optimal. Reliability decreased, however, with each successive diary over the 4-month period. Power analysis indicates that two groups of 30-40 subjects in a parallel design, or one group of 30-40 subjects in a crossover design, would be sufficient to demonstrate a significant therapeutic anticataplectic effect in most cases. A "first diary effect" was observed, suggesting that a training period prior to the actual trial might improve reliability. Whether the patient was treated or untreated with stimulant medications did not affect severity or fluctuation of cataplexy, suggesting that both groups of patients could be included in therapeutic trials. No time-of-day fluctuation was observed in the daily distribution of cataplexy attacks. Sudden increases in cataplexy were often, although not always, caused by unusual emotional events or sleepiness. The finding of a long-lasting "precataplectic" feeling or "aura" pointed to the need to carefully clarify the symptom prior to beginning a therapeutic trial.

Catalepsy↗
PubMed1993

What's new?

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Dental Caries↗
PubMed1991

Phosphonate-phospholipid analogues inhibit human phospholipase A2.

A phosphonate-containing phospholipid (PL) analogue (Compound 1) designed as a transition-state inhibitor competively inhibits non-human extracellular PLA2 at a mole fraction of 0.003 in the kinetic "scooting mode" (Jain et al., Biochem 28:4135 (1989]. To further profile the activity of Compound 1, we examined its activity with purified human enzyme and in whole cell systems. Compound 1 effectively inhibited a 14 kDa human PLA2 purified from joint synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis using 3H-AA labeled E. coli as substrate (IC50 = 1.7 microM) and a high MW PLA2 (110 kDa) isolated from the cytosol of a human monocytic cell line, U-937, which selectively hydrolyzes AA-containing PL (IC50 = 165 microM). It failed to reduce A23187-induced PGE2 or LTC4 production by human adherent monocytes or LTB4 release from human neutrophils which may be due, in part, to poor membrane partitioning.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1991

Facial thermography, basis, protocol, and clinical value.

Computerized electronic telethermography provides clinicians with a reliable evaluation of subtle body surface temperature changes that show underlying physical disorders characterized by pain. The first study population involved 4000 measurements of 100 volunteers at the Medical School of New Jersey. This study of normal volunteers evaluates the validity and reliability of using 0.5 degrees C skin surface temperature difference between opposite sides of the head as a minimum difference standard for recognition of a clinically significant thermographic abnormality. A second study population of over 300 patients with clinically suspected temporomandibular disorder were used. The authors used a standard thermographic protocol procedure that is approved by the Academy of Neuromuscular Thermography. Also discussed in detail are artifactual influences and trigger point detection. The clinical value of this information in the diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular disorder patients is self evident.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Length-tension relations of the masticatory elevator muscles in normal subjects and pain dysfunction patients.

Myofascial pain and dysfunction is the primary diagnosis in a large proportion of facial pain complaints. Myofascial disease can present in the form of trigger points, fibromyositis, myositis, muscle spasm, and muscle weakness. The purpose of this study is to research for quantifiable physiological differences between groups of normal subjects and myofascial pain dysfunction (MPD) patients. The first specific aim was to determine the opening of the jaw at which maximal isometric tension can be produced by the jaw closing muscles, with the hypothesis that this opening of maximal tension would be less for a group of MPD patients than for a group of normal subjects being tested. The second aim was to test the hypothesis that the maximal isometric bite forces for the two groups would differ. Patients with mandibular dysfunction are reported to have a lower maximal bite than normal subjects. Bite force was measured with the T-Scan system. An 80 micron horseshoe-shaped sensor connected to a dedicated IBM XT computer recorded the data. A self-contained printer produced the hard copy for later analysis. Vertical dimension or jaw opening was increased in 0.5-mm increments using double flat plane appliances standardized by the Relator. A MANOVA was used for statistical analysis of the data. MPD patients had significantly higher bite forces at 8.0, 8.5, 9, and 9.5 mm. Normal subjects had higher force values at 5.0 mm. There was no significant difference in mean maximal bite force between groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Thermophysiologic anthropometry of the face in Homo sapiens.

Standard clinical thermographic practice has been to regard a side-to-side skin surface temperature difference of 0.5 degrees C or greater as indicative of a clinically significant disorder when such a difference is observed for the contralateral sides of the face. Prior to this time this standard relied upon empiric observation and cumulative experience. This paper provides the first published documentation clearly supportive of this long-standing clinical practice.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1989

Taking the mystique out of the diagnosis and treatment of craniomandibular (TMJ) disorders.

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is of great importance in the assessment, diagnosis and treatment of many craniofacial disorders. Frequently overlooked by medical practitioners as a source of patient discomfort, the key to understanding the joint and its role in abnormal conditions is the complex nature of its structure. Returning to biological fundamentals provides an essential foundation on which to build techniques for diagnosis and ultimately treatment regimens. In considering the aetiology of craniomandibular disorders many factors have to be sifted. These include predisposing factors such as size, shape and interrelation of the parts of the stomatognathic system. Precipitating causes may include trauma to the head and neck as well as stress to the individual, while perpetuating influences are manifested in the myospasm-pain-myospasm cycle. The complexity of the joint system is reflected in the range and diversity of the thorough examination which the clinician is required to perform. Listening to the patient's description of their symptoms is of crucial importance in the initial stages to provide guidance for the ensuing examination procedures. Relief of pain, generally caused by muscle spasm, is the primary treatment objective. Many modes of treatment are available in the long-term resolution of the disorders and these range from medicinal, nutritional and psychological therapies to occlusal equilibration and physiotherapy.

Humans↗