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Biomedical subjects

M Gariglio

Publications and source records attributed to M Gariglio.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Streptococcus mutans and dental caries: microbiological aspects].

The central role of Streptococcus mutans in the pathogenesis of caries is universally recognized. In this article we discuss bacterial metabolism relevant to plaque formation and enamel destruction, and review current methods and new prospects in caries prophylaxis: the use of fluorine, possible substitutes for sucrose, active and passive immunoprophylaxis, teeth colonization with non-cariogenic strains of S. mutans. No one of these methods can be considered a definitive solution for every caries problem, but short term major achievements can be reasonably attained by ongoing field research.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Microbiological-clinical study on the efficacy of a new antibiotic: teicoplanin].

Teicoplanin is a new antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Actinoplanes teichomyceticus nov. sp. It's a glycopeptide antibiotic belonging to the same family as vancomycin, active against Gram-positive bacteria. The antimicrobial activity of this drug was evaluated in 32 patients suffering from different infections due to Gram-positive bacteria. Among the 36 Gram-positive microorganisms isolated, 15 staphylococci were methicillin resistant, 10 were sensitive, 1 was intermediate and for another one the methicillin susceptibility was not evaluated. After the treatment with teicoplanin, cure and improvement occurred in 26 cases (81%), in 2 cases the therapy failed (6%), in 2 cases there was a relapse and 2 cases were not evaluable. From this clinical study Teicoplanin results safe and effective in the therapy of Gram-positive infections.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Modulation of the action of interferon-gamma by protein G].

These studies were designed to investigate the characteristics of the intracellular second messengers induced by interferons (IFN-alpha/beta and IFN-gamma) after receptor binding. Pretreatment of target cells with V. cholerae toxin, which is Known to activate the GTP-binding stimulatory protein (Gs), potentiated the action of IFN-gamma, but not of IFN-alpha/beta. By contrast, B. pertussis toxin, which is known to act on the GTP-binding inhibitory protein (Gi doesn't affect the action of both IFN) (Gi). Besides this forskolin and PGE1, known to increase intracellular cAMP levels, completely prevented antiviral state induction by IFN-gamma, but had no effects on IFN-alpha/beta. Altogether these results demonstrate that IFN-gamma transduction signal is mediated by a G protein with functional characteristics similar to those of the known Gs protein.

Alprostadil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cefonicid toxicity. I. Effects on the reactivity of the specific immune system].

The degree of toxicity of the antibiotic Cefonicid on the cellular reactivity of the immune system was evaluated. The effects on some lymphokine (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) production and the degree of proliferation of splenic lymphocytes following mitogen stimulation have been considered. Our results show that Cefonicid does not impair the immune response, except at very high doses (500 micrograms/ml).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Frequency of methicillin resistance varies with conditions, in a population of staphylococci from a hospital environment].

The incidence of methicillin-resistant Strains is increasing in these last years. This increase is particularly evident in Strains isolated from hospital environments. In this work we evaluated the methicillin-resistance of 58 Staphylococcus Strains, isolated from a surgical intensive care ward, in various experimental conditions, which changing in: culture medium, inoculum, incubation period and antibiotic concentration. Besides this we took in consideration various factors which can influence the frequency of methicillin-resistance and can also lead to errors in the evaluation itself. From our study we can conclude that the factors are: survey "in vitro" of the resistance or of the sensitivity, exclusion or inclusion of staphylococci different from Staphylococcus aureus, double count of the same Strains isolated in different times.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Protein p53 inhibits the activity of the enhancer of the immediate-early genes of murine cytomegalovirus].

The protein encoded by the tumor suppressor gene p53 can complex and functionally interact with cytomegalovirus proteins produced during the immediate-early phase of infection. The functions of these complex are unclear but there is some evidence to suggest that binding of p53 to these viral proteins may inactivate p53 functions. Recent reports have shown that p53 is involved in regulation of transcription. In this study we have considered the possibility that p53 may regulate transcription of cytomegalovirus immediate early genes which play a crucial role for virus replication. Here we report that experiments in which NIH 3T3 cells were cotransfected with a p53 expression plasmid together with a reporter gene linked to the mouse cytomegalovirus immediate-early enhancer/promoter revealed that wild type p53 could efficiently reduce the transcriptional activity of this viral regulatory sequence. By contrast expression of a mutated p53 correlated with a much smaller reduction of transcription. Deletion mutants analysis of the enhancer revealed that repression of transcription by p53 requires a minimal promoter containing an SP1 consensus sequence and a TATA box.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Serum stimulates the transcriptional activity of the enhancer of the immediate-early genes of the murine cytomegalovirus through p21 ras].

The analysis of the MCMV IE enhancer revealed the presence of many putative binding sites for the transcription factors AP-1 and NFkB. Previous studies suggested that such factors represent a final target for the metabolic cascade triggered by serum and growth factors. On these basis we wanted to verify if serum stimulates the transcriptional activity of the MCMV IE enhancer through p21ras and AP-1 and NFkB according to the actual model of transduction of the mitogenic signal. Our data demonstrate that serum stimulates the MCMV IE enhancer through a pathway in which the p21ras is involded, as demonstrated by using the dominant inhibitory mutant ras(Asn 17). Moreover deletion mutant analysis of the enhancer showed that the serum responsive region lies between nucleotides -1280 and -285 and contains a high concentration of putative AP-1 and NFkB binding sites.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Constitutive expression of the interferon-inducible protein p202 in NIH 3T3 cells affects cell cycle progression.

p202 is a protein expressed in murine cells after Interferon treatment. Although the function of p202 is still basically unknown, its ability to bind the hypophosphorylated form of the retinoblastoma protein pRb suggests a possible role in the control of cell proliferation. To investigate the role of p202 we have generated several cell clones of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts that constitutively express p202. Here we show that proliferation of quiescent cells on stimulation by serum addition is strongly inhibited by constitutive p202 expression. Moreover, when growth arrested cells are stimulated to proliferate, expression of p202 inhibits G0/G1 progression into the S phase and the cells accumulate with a DNA content that is equivalent to cells arrested in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Taken together, these studies suggest that p202 may play a negative role in growth regulation.

3T3 Cells↗