Biomedical subjects

M Garba

Publications and source records attributed to M Garba.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Haemostatic hysterectomies in developing countries: A vital act. Prospective study in a reference Nigerian maternity].

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our prospective study was to determine the frequency, the main indications and difficulties of coverage of the peripartum haemostatic hysterectomy in a developing country. The secondary purpose was to assess the maternal forecast and suggest suited management and to estimate the necessary material and human means to reduce the incidence of this surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We realized a forward-looking monocentric study in the Issaka Gazobi maternity of Niamey, between January 1st, 2003 and December 31st, 2003. RESULTS: 3255 deliveries took place, and 41 peripartum haemostatic hysterectomies for post-partum haemorrhage were realized (ie 1.26%). The mean age of our patients was 32.76. The multiparous (more than 5 children) were most often concerned. The majority of patients had benefited from an in utero transfer. 31 patients presented an active bleeding, 11 were in a state of shock during the admittance. The main indications of hysterectomies were represented by an abruptio haematoma, uterine inertia, a rupture of the uterus, a wound of the genital field, 1 placenta accreta with uterine inversion. In a third part of the cases a disseminated intravascular coagulation was associated to the clinical picture. The hysterectomy was subtotal in most of the cases. Finally, the rate of maternal death is high in our series. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Prevention of post-partum haemostatic haemorrhage and new therapeutic strategies are essential to reduce the rate of haemostatic hysterectomy in our regions, and improve the coverage of this pathology. However, it is a vital surgery which must be technically mastered.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Management of ectopic pregnancy in developing countries: example of a Nigerian reference maternity].

OBJECTIVE: We report 143 cases of ectopic pregnancy (EP) treated in the Issaka-Gazobi maternity of Niamey between January 1st, 1999 and April 30th, 2001 (28 months). The objective of this study was to estimate the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects to propose actions, which could lead to the improvement of the prognosis of EP. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The frequency of ectopic pregnancy was 2.32% in our study. The patients were young and pregnant for the second or third time. Frequently we observed previous sexually contagious infections and/or abortions. More than 70% of the patients were admitted for a complicated stage of EP. RESULTS: The culdocentesis allowed to evoke the diagnosis in more than 80% of the cases. It is a simple gesture, which makes it possible to make the diagnosis of EP and which should be taught and practised in maternities of the developing countries. The pelvic ultrasonography and the laparoscopy allowed the diagnosis in the other cases. The tubal localization was the most frequent, cervical and abdominal pregnancies were found. The surgical treatment conducted by laparotomy was conservative in 11.9% and radical in 87.4% of the cases. The mortality rate was still 0.70%. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Prevention of the sexually contagious infections and medical management of abortions are important to reduce the risks of ectopic pregnancies. Education of the patients, living far from the maternity, is also necessary to obtain more precocious consultation in case of pregnancy in order to improve the prognosis of EP.

Abortion, Induced↗

PubMed2006

[Lithopedion].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Phytochemical and antimicrobial activities of the Daniellia oliveri leaves.

The n-butanol soluble part and four chromatographic fractions of the aqueous ethanolic extract of the leaves of Daniellia oliveri were investigated for antimicrobial properties. All fractions showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus. A chromatographic fraction showed significant activity against the fungus Tricophyton rubrum.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed2004

[Extra uterine pregnancy associated with a tubal schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma haematobium. A case report from Niger].

We are reporting the case of a 21-year-old woman hospitalized for pelvic pains in a context of secondary amenorrhoea, whose examinations revealed a tubal pregnancy After surgical operation, the examination of the operative part showed a schistosomal tubal obstruction. Schistosomal tubal obstructions are the cause of ectopic pregnancies and infertility not to be forgotten in endemic areas. The implementation of a control programme based on chemotherapy by praziquantel will enable the reduction of their frequency.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Appendicitis and advanced pregnancy. Apropos of 3 cases in the National Hospital of Niamey, Niger].

Acute appendicitis during pregnancy is uncommon but a serious situation even in developed countries with imaging and laboratories' poor means. Failure to diagnose this disease during advanced pregnancy exposes foetus and mother to serious complications. In this atypical clinical picture associated with non-significant biologic sign only using sonogram can help to early diagnosis. In our developing countries where obstetrical exam was performed by paramedical or general doctor, in doubt the patient must be transferred in medical centre with a capacity of imaging or laboratory exams. Surgical treatment must be undertaken after surgeon, obstetrician, and other physicians's consultation. Antibiotic and tocolytic treatments are urgent. In this study, all babies were lost by premature labour occurred after surgery.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1998

[Uterine rupture at the Niamey Central Maternity Reference Center, Nigeria. Epidemiologic features and prevention strategies].

The authors have documented 50 cases of U.R., out 2,151 normal deliveries. During the same period, 614 surgeries for caesarean sections were performed. The U.R. frequency has been estimated at 1.80%. 98% of the U.R. were referred to us from outside in the vicinity maternities of Niamey. The maximum number of frequencies occurs between the ages of 15-42 years, and in decreasing order, among multiparas (with a parity of 5 and above). Uterine scars are among the principal causing factors. Sub total hysterectomy was the most widely used surgical method (60%). Among the 50 cases, 8 maternal deaths (16%) and 48 fatal deaths were reported (96%). The average length of stay in hospital was between 4 and 7 days. The shortest was 5 day and the longest 17 days. In order to alleviate this dramatic situation, the authors suggest the following measures: the implementation of a family planning programme (to discourage multiparity) a wide information campaign of the population, the insurance of a better treatment of uterus scars, the building of surgical units closer to rural areas, the provision of a better equipment to medical centres, the retraining of medical personnel.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of study protocol on the interactions between cimetidine and paracetamol in man.

The influence of cimetidine (400 mg) on the salivary pharmacokinetics of oral paracetamol (1 g) was studied in 8 healthy subjects under two protocols--concomitant and delayed administration of cimetidine. There were no significant changes in the salivary pharmacokinetics of paracetamol when the two drugs were concomitantly administered (P > 0.100). Delayed administration of paracetamol 1 h after cimetidine, on the other hand, was associated with significant changes as compared to control. The peak salivary concentration (Cmax) and absorption rate constant (Kab) were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), while the time to peak concentration (Tmax), absorption half-life constant (t1/2ab) and lag time were all significantly increased (P < 0.05). Elimination half-life (t1/2el) was also significantly increased (P < 0.05). These findings indicated that cimetidine does not affect the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol when the two drugs were concomitantly administered but impaired the absorption of paracetamol when the administration of the latter was delayed by 1 h after cimetidine. The therapeutic implication of this interaction is that the efficacy of paracetamol may be affected.

Acetaminophen↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of niprisan on single oral dose pharmacokinetics of paracetamol in rats.

The single oral dose pharmacokinetics of paracetamol was studied alone and after coadministration with NIPRISAN In rats. Paracetamol concentrations were measured in rat plasma using UV-spectrophotometer and the data were fitted into an open two-compartment pharmacokinetic model using the computer program (STATIS Version 3.0). Results indicated no significant difference in the absorption of paracetamol between study and control groups but a significant reduction (p < 0.05) at some sampling time as the dose of NIPRISAN was increased double-fold. The pharmacokinetic parameters showed only 1.51 and 7.19% reduction in AUC(0-infinity) and Cmax respectively for paracetamol (20 mg/kg) + NIPRISAN (500 mg/kg). It was thus concluded that the gastric presence of NIPRISAN did not significantly reduce the absorption of paracetamol in rats.

Acetaminophen↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of Tamarindus indica. L on the bioavailability of ibuprofen in healthy human volunteers.

The influence of Tamarindus indica L fruit extract incorporated in a traditional meal on the bioavailability of Ibuprofen tablets 400 mg dose when given concurrently was studied in 6 healthy human volunteers. There was a statistically significant increase in the plasma levels of Ibuprofen and its metabolites hydroxy-ibuprofen and carboxy-ibuprofen respectively, when the meal containing Tamarindus indica fruit extract was administered with the ibuprofen tablets than when taken under fasting state or with the meal without the fruit extract. The C(max), AUC(0-6 hr) and Ka for ibuprofen increased from 38 +/- 0.70 microg/ml to 42 +/- 0.98 microg/ml (p > 0.05); and 28.03 +/- 2.40 microg/ml x hr to 56.51 +/- 0.16 microg/ml x hr (p < 0.05) and 1.048 +/- 0.02hr(-1) to 2.781 +/- 0.11 hr(-1) (p < 0.05) respectively. There was no change in the t(max) (120.00 +/- 0.43m) but there was a decrease in the k(el) from 0.63 +/- 0.20 hr(-1) to 0.46 +/- 0.11 hr(-1) (p<0.05). Similarly the C(max), AUC(0-6 h) and Ka for hydroxy-ibuprofen rose from 43 +/- 0.76 microg/ml to 45 +/- 0.16 microg/ml (p < 0.05); 39.04 +/- 2.30 microg/ml x hr to 59.49 +/- 2.39 microg/ml.hr in (p < 0.05) and 1.498 +/- 0.79hr(-1) to 3.442 +/- 0.23 hr(-1) (p < 0.05) respectively; while the C(max), AUC(0-6 h) and Ka for carboxy-ibuprofen rose from 48 +/- 0.7 microg/ml to 51 +/- 0.16 microg/ml (p < 0.05); 41.972 +/- 0.68 microg/ml x hr to 63.948 +/- 0.12 microg/ml x hr (p < 0.05) and 1.649 +/- 0.08 hr(-1) to 4.187 +/- 0.42 hr(-1) (p < 0.05) respectively. The study has indicated that Tamarindus indica L. fruit extract significantly increased the bioavailability of Ibuprofen.

Adult↗