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Biomedical subjects

M Gangemi

Publications and source records attributed to M Gangemi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Clinical evaluation of aztreonam in the prevention and therapy of infections in patients subjected to neurosurgical intervention].

Twenty-six neurosurgery patients were given prophylactic treatment with Aztreonam at a dose of 1 g every 8 hours (30 mg/kg every 12 hours in children) for 8-12 days after the operation. In 18 cases 300 mg Clindamycin was also given every 8 hours for 8 days. No local or general infections arose in the postoperative period. Three patients with infections caused by susceptible bacteria were given 1 g Aztreonam every 6 hours (30 mg/kg every 8 hours in children) for 8 days. In all cases all clinical and microbiological signs of the infection had disappeared by the end of treatment. Apart from one episode of mild nausea no side effects were noted. Aztreonam is therefore considered a safe and effective drug for the treatment and prophylaxis of postoperative infections in neurosurgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cerebral edema associated with meningiomas.

Fifty patients with intracranial meningiomas have been retrospectively examined, and the cerebral edema on computed tomography scan has been correlated with the clinical evolution, size, location, and histological features of the tumor. The degree of brain edema was found to be related to the clinical evolution and the size of the tumor, whereas the histological features were less significant. These results are discussed after reviewing the data of five other series in the literature of this subject. A correlation between the tumor steroid receptors and edema is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of an unusual complication of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt.

A significant number of abdominal complications of ventriculoperitoneal shunts have been reported. Laparoscopy has proved to be extremely useful in the diagnosis and treatment of a number of these cases. A rare case of abdominal wall perforation is described. At laparoscopy the route taken by the catheter was detected, and the latter freed from adhesions and repositioned in the peritoneal cavity, with optimal functional results.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1987

Primary cerebral neuroblastomas.

Two children with primary cerebral neuroblastomas are reported and the other cases from the literature are reviewed. Cerebral neuroblastomas are a distinct pathological entity, which differs from other neuroectodermal tumours, although the clinical features are aspecific. The review of the CT findings shows that neuroblastomas appear as large solid tumours in half of the cases and as cystic lesions in the other half; massive contrast enhancement, calcification and cystic hypodensity are typical CT features. The importance of a radical operation and radiotherapy is stressed. The long-term prognosis is better for the cystic forms; also neuroblastomas seem to have a longer survival than other primitive neuroectodermal tumours.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Echographic measurement of the optic nerve in patients with intracranial hypertension.

Measurement of the optic nerve diameter by echographic technique has been performed in 40 patients with intracranial hypertension syndromes of various origin. In all the cases examined the diameter was always increased. Postoperative checks revealed a decrease of the nerve thickness until it reached the normal values. The changes in the optic nerve diameter reflect the variations of the intracranial pressure and they appear earlier than any changes in the fundus oculi. This simple and non-invasive echographic technique is very useful in following patients with an intracranial hypertension syndrome.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Obesity as a risk factor for endometrial cancer.

The epidemiology and risk factors for endometrial cancer are reviewed, with current data. Obesity seems to be the main risk factor for this neoplasia, both because it is very common in the female population, and because the other risk factor (i.e. estrogen replacement therapy) has almost disappeared with the addition of progesterone therapy. The pathogenesis of obesity as risk factor, although it is not completely clear and unique, is examined.

Estrogens↗
PubMed1986

HLA and hormonal studies in 5 patients with late-onset 21-hydroxylase deficiency syndrome (21OHDS).

Late-onset 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) presents biochemical evidence of 21OHD and virilization in peri-or postpubertal age; it has been demonstrated that late-onset 21OHD is linked to HLA system. We present the HLA typing, the baseline and the ACTH-stimulated hormonal levels in 5 patients with late-onset 21OHD and in their family members. We identified 3 HLA identical male sibs within their respective families, 2 sibs sharing one haplotype with the affected member and 2 homozygous normal sibs. We observed elevated baseline (greater than 4 ng/ml) and ACTH-stimulated 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels, increased baseline Androstenedione levels, slightly elevated or normal DHEA-S and Testosterone values and subnormal response of Cortisol levels to ACTH in patients and in the HLA-identical sibs, reduced SHBG levels in patients but not in their identical sibs. The heterozygous family members presented hyperresponsiveness of 17-hydroxyprogesterone but not of androgens after ACTH. We confirm that late-onset of 21OHD is an autosomal recessive disease linked to HLA-B; there is in fact biochemical evidence of mild 21OHD in patients and in their HLA identical sibs and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels in the range of heterozygotes for classical 21OHD in parents and sibs predicted by HLA to be carriers. Thus HLA typing and hormonal data, particularly 17-hydroxyprogesterone, are useful, also in this form of congenital hyperplasia, in detecting heterozygotes.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1986

Anterior communicating artery aneurysm presenting with sudden paraplegia.

A case of sudden paraplegia as the first symptom of a ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm is reported. The sudden appearance of paraparesis or paraplegia is an exceptional event in patients with intracranial aneurysms. The various pathogenetic mechanisms are briefly discussed. The insufficient blood perfusion of both paracentral areas was the cause of paraplegia in the reported case.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Postoperative lumbar arachnoidal diverticula.

Five patients with arachnoidal diverticula after lumbar operations are reported. Myelography was performed in all cases, spinal computed tomography scanning in three; three patients underwent surgical treatment with good clinical results. Arachnoidal diverticula are a rare complication of operations on the lumbar spine. Spinal computed tomography scanning is very useful, especially in the investigation of large diverticula and in the radiologic visualization of the arachnoidal stalk. Surgical treatment, which is required in symptomatic cases, results in remission of pain and prevents neurological complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Congenital dermoid cysts at the anterior fontanelle. Report of three cases in Italian children.

The authors report three cases in Italian children of congenital dermoid cyst at the anterior fontanelle. These are the first case reports in Europeans. Their rarity, however, is probably only apparent, since the latest reports in the literature show their wide-spread incidence. The anatomo-clinical and radiological findings and the surgical features of the three cases are described and the main pathological aspects of these cases are briefly discussed.

Child, Preschool↗