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Biomedical subjects

M Galli

Publications and source records attributed to M Galli.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Myasthenia gravis with a monoclonal gammopathy--report of a case.

An elderly man with relapsing myasthenia gravis was found to have hypergammaglobulinaemia, a monoclonal peak of gamma mobility and paraproteinaemia IgG, type K. Bence-Jones proteinuria, type K was present. This is the fourth report of myasthenia gravis associated with a monoclonal gammopathy. Myasthenia gravis is considered to be an autoimmune disease. Recent findings implicate a dysfunction of cellular immunity in the pathogenesis of both immunoproliferative and autoimmune disease. We suggest that the association of myasthenia gravis and monoclonal gammopathy in our patient might have stemmed from a disorder of T lymphocyte function.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Effects of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin on plasma and nephrogenous cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate in normal subjects and in pathological conditions.

To evaluate the response of bone cells and kidney to parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT), the acute effects of these hormones given intravenously on plasma cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP), nephrogenous cAMP and clearance ratio (cAMP:creatinine), have been studied in normal subjects and in patients with Paget's disease, hypoparathyroidism and osteopetrosis. Twenty-five subjects were given bovine synthetic PTH, thirty-eight calcitonin (sixteen salmon, eighteen human and four porcine CT). In normal subjects and in patients with Paget's disease and hypoparathyroidism plasma cAMP increased within 1 h following PTH intravenous infusion. The same dose of PTH failed to produce any increase in plasma cAMP level in two children with marble bone disease. Nephrogenous cAMP increased in all cases. A different relative potency of calcitonins in increasing plasma cAMP has been observed in normal subjects, according to previous results on the plasma calcium lowering effect. Paget's disease patients showed a greater increase in plasma cAMP following infusion than normal subjects. The measurement of nephrogenous cAMP and the clearance ratio (cAMP: creatinine) demonstrated a minor involvement of the kidney in the production of cAMP after CT infusion; the late increase observed in nephrogenous cAMP was probably due to a parathyroid rebound following the hypocalcemic effect of CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of new membranes for hemodialysis: preliminary studies with a polycarbonate membrane.

A synthetic polycarbonate (PC) membrane supplied by C.R. Bard Inc. was assessed as to its clinical usefulness and suitability to regular use with artificial kidney. The permeability of the PC membrane to 11 solutes of increasing molecular volumes (Na+, Ca++, K+, Cl-, HPO4-, urea, creatinine, uric acid, glucose, BSP, cyanocobalamine) was measured in vitro by rotating dialysis cells, as compared to that of Cuprophan PT 150. The evaluation of the PC membrane in vivo was carried out during a regular hemodialytic treatment in 5 patients using a Kiil dialyzer. The dialysance of 6 solutes (HPO4-, urea, creatinine, uric acid, hypaque, cyanocobalamine) across the PC membrane was measured at 200 ml/min blood flow rate. Both in vitro and in vivo the PC membrane showed permeability and dialysance coefficients to small molecules approximately the same than standard PT 150; the ultrafiltration rate of the PC membrane was also superimposable to that of PT 150. On the contrary, larger molecules were removed much more efficiently by the polycarbonate membrane than by PT 150. These data suggest that the membrane evaluated in this study possesses some peculiar features which could possibly result in an improvement of the quality of regular hemodialysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Ebstein's malformation. Report of 9 cases surgically treated (author's transl)].

Nine patients with Ebstein's malformation have undergone surgical repair since 1971. Their ages ranged from 10 to 49 years. Two patients were in functional class II and six in III. Dysrhythmias were indicators for operation in the remaining patient. All patients underwent prosthetic valve replacement. Other procedures included atrial septal defect closure in eight and plication of the atrialized ventricular segment in four cases. Three patients died during the postoperative period. Three patients died during the postoperative period. Functional classification improved in five of the six operative survivors. The multiple aspects of the clinical features, the different surgical management and the variability of results are explained by the wide range of morphologic and functional aspects of the malformation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Ergometric evaluation of patients with WPW syndrome (author's transl)].

20 subjects affected by ventricular pre-excitation, without any other associated cardiac disorder, underwent to maximal exercise test on bicycle ergometer; the aim of the research is to analyse their maximum levels of aerobic power, to study their electrocardiographic behaviour during exercise, with a particular reference to the ventricular repolarization, and finally to evaluate the incidence of arrhythmias during exercise. The maximum aerobic power was slightly lower than the reference standards (on average 78.32%); the muscular work, in 1 patient only, gave rise to cardiac arrhythmias during exercise. In these patients we assume as non specific, the "like ischemic" variations of the ventricular repolarisation during exercise.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Urinary excretion of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate in malignancy.

The urinary excretion of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP), corrected for urinary creatinine, was determined in 177 patients with primary or metastatic tumours and in 149 normal subjects. In 26 patients with malignancy and in 10 control subjects the excretion of cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) was also evaluated. The urinary cAMP/Cr ratio in human neoplasms of epithelial origin was often significantly lower than normal, irrespective of the extension of malignancy. Surgical resection of the tumour, radiotherapy, or theophylline treatment increased urinary excretion of the nucleotide. In patients with malignancy, intravenous infusion of glucagon failed to produce the degree of elevation of plasma cAMP seen in normal subjects. Urines from patients with malignant neoplasms had low values of cAMP/Cr ratio with increased values of cGMP/Cr ratio. These findings could be the result of systemic alteration in synthesis or breakdown of the nucleotides.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A control study of muscle force recovery in hemiparetic patients during treatment with functional electrical stimulation.

A group of forty-nine hemiparetic patients with limited emotional, communication and sensibility involvement and with recent lesion of cerebrovascular aetiology was randomly divided into two groups of twenty-four and twenty-five subjects. Both groups received traditional physiotherapy treatment for one hour/day, one group received twenty min/day of peroneal nerve stimulation. The maximum voluntary dorsal flexion moments of the ankle joint of the affected and non affected extremities were measured with an isometric brace twice a week for one month and for both groups. The recovery of moment in the stimulated group turned out to be about three times greater than in the control group and considerably less dependent upon age, time from lesion, initial value, side of lesion. Three patients using a peroneal brace at home as an assisting device were again evaluated two months later and a further improvement was observed. This work gives statistical support to previous observations based on very few cases and provides a statistically reliable answer concerning the entity of FES induced recovery of muscle force in hemiparetic subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Early effects of synthetic bovine parathyroid hormone and synthetic salmon calcitonin on urinary excretion of cyclic AMP, phosphate and calcium in man.

Bovine synthetic parathyroid hormone infused intravenously in man increased both the urinary excretion of cyclic AMP and the urinary excretion of phosphate whereas a Salmon synthetic calcitonin infusion increased the urinary excretion of phosphate without change in urinary excretion of cyclic AMP. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that different renal mechanisms are involved in the response to each hormone.

Adult↗