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Biomedical subjects

M Gálvez

Publications and source records attributed to M Gálvez.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Developmental decrease in rat small intestinal creatine uptake.

Phosphocreatine is an energy buffer and transducer in the heart, the brain and the skeletal muscle. Recently, we have demonstrated the presence of the Na+/Cl-/creatine transporter at the apical membrane of the small intestinal epithelium. Herein the ontogeny and segmental distribution of rat intestinal creatine transport activity are investigated. [14C]-Creatine uptake was measured in the jejunum and ileum of 16 day gestation foetuses, newborn, suckling, weaning, 1-, 2-, 7- and 12-month-old (adult) rats. Creatine content in amniotic fluid, in rat and commercial milk and in rat chow, was measured by HPLC. NaCl-dependent creatine uptake was maximal in newborn rats and, in all the ages tested, higher in the ileum than in the jejunum. In the latter, NaCl-dependent creatine uptake was undetectable after weaning. Kinetic studies revealed that the jejunum and ileum have the same creatine uptake system, and that maturation decreases its Vmax but not the apparent Km. Maintenance of the pups on a commercial milk diet supplemented with creatine prevented the ileal periweaning decline in creatine uptake activity, but not that in the jejunum. In 1-month-old rats, supplementation with creatine increased ileal, but not jejunal, creatine uptake. The results demonstrate for the first time that: (i) creatine uptake along the length of the small intestine is mediated by the same transport system, (ii) the activity of this transport system changes in a specific manner with maturation and (iii) these changes appear to be genetically programmed and controlled by the intestinal creatine content.

Aging↗
PubMed2001

Zinc uptake by human erythrocytes with and without serum albumins in the medium.

Different mechanisms of Zn uptake are present in mammalian cells. The variations in the Zn uptake by human erythrocytes in the absence and presence of albumins, bovine and human, as well as the differences of Zn uptake with and without 4-4'-diidothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid have been analyzed in this study. The results show a significantly greater rate of Zn uptake in the absence rather than in the presence of albumins in the extracellular medium and being significantly greater with bovine than with human serum albumin when the experiments were performed in media with equimolar concentrations of Zn. However, when comparing Zn uptake in a medium without albumin with similar free-Zn concentration to Zn ultrafiltrable (20%) of other one with albumin, a significantly greater Zn uptake on the latter was observed. The DIDS inhibition on Zn uptake is higher if the albumin is also present in the medium. These results suggest that in Zn uptake by erythrocytes the albumin directly or indirectly would be involved, facilitating the well-known processes of passive transport and anionic exchanger.

Albumins↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of the fibrinolytic system in myocardial infarction].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the main components of the fibrinolytic system in patients suffering of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), both in the acute phase and once this has been overcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Components of the fibrinolytic system (i.e., PAI-1, t-PA, fibrinogen, plasminogen, and alpha 2-antiplasmin) were determined in 100 patients with AMI. The studies were performed at AMI and 6 months later, and the findings were compared with those of a control group of 30 people matched with regard to age and sex with the patient group. The statistical analysis of the results was made with the BMPD pack, using Student's t test for comparing quantitative variables and the matched test for paired samples. RESULTS: At the acute phase the patients showed significant increase of PAI-1 (p < 0.001) and fibrinogen (p < 0.05) concentrations. Plasminogen and alpha 2-antiplasmin rates were lower than in the control group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.005, respectively). In the 6-month study after AMI, significant increase of PAI-1 was found with respect to the control group (p < 0.001). There were also significant differences in the initial PAI-1 rates and the 6-month test (p < 0.05), whereas the increased fibrinogen rates persisted (p < 0.01). Increased antigenic t-PA was found in the patient group before venous occlusion (p < 0.001). Thus, 54 patients (54%) had hypofibrinolysis, due to increased PAI-1 in 41 cases (41%), impaired t-PA release in 13 cases (13%) and both causes in 12 cases (12%). CONCLUSIONS: Fibrinolytic hypofunction was found in this study during the acute phase of myocardial infarction, which was still present six months later, and was due to increased PAI-1 rates in the majority of the cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of post-natal visit on the involvement in the activities of the mother-child program].

OBJECTIVES: Ascertain what effect post-natal visits have on recruiting involvement in the mother and child programme of activities. Identify the profile of mothers and children with little involvement in these activities. Ascertain how suitable the register is. DESIGN: Study of cohorts of previous years. The term exposed cohort refers to mothers who received the postnatal visit in 1989, and non-exposed cohort to those who did not receive one. SITE. Health Centres in Almanjáyar and Cartuja. Primary Attention. Evaluation of the services offered. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: The sample consisted of the 166 women whose pregnancy we monitored from the Centre, and who gave birth between January and December 1989. MAIN MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The most indicative results show that the group that received the post-natal visit tended to attend the healthy child clinic, family planning and metabolism testing services, with greater frequency, and to breast feed longer. The differences are only significant (p = 0.004) in the case of family planning. CONCLUSIONS: We positively evaluate the post-natal visit because of its contribution to the early detection of the problems of mother and child, and to recruitment into Family Planning. And because the examining risk has meant that factors associated with reduced coverage by the services (ethnicity, educational level, mother's age) did not act as such in our study.

Cohort Studies↗
PubMed1990

[A survey of the depressive symptoms in pregnant women at an urban primary care consultation office].

We studied the frequency of depression as well as biomedical and social features of 179 pregnant women under control at an urban clinic in metropolitan Santiago. The random sample comprised 38% of all controlled pregnancies. A questionnaire adapted and validated by Florenzano et al was used to appraise depression. The Graffar methodology was used to measure socioeconomic level. Frequency of depressive symptoms was 30% and mean age of depressed women was 27.3 years, similar to non depressed ones (26.1%). A significantly higher proportion of depression was found in single women and those having a dystocic last delivery. The high frequency of depression in this vulnerable group suggests the need for integrated obstetric-psychiatric units to provide a more comprehensive medical care to theses patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Factors in the accumulation of dieldrin in broiler organs: doses administered with feed; dose-organ-dieldrin accumulated relationship; toxicological consequences.

The quantity of dieldrin accumulated in liver, kidney, heart, gizzard, lung, muscle, and intestine with contents, of broiler chickens fed with feed contaminated by this insecticide, was determined by gas chromatography analysis. The doses used were 60, 90, 120, 200 and 240 ppm. The influence of the doses used in the quantity of dieldrin accumulated in the different organs, the relationship between the doses administered, organs and quantity accumulated, and the toxicological consequences of the contamination were studied. The results show that the doses used did not significantly affect the quantity of dieldrin accumulated by the different organs. The relationship doses-organ-quantity accumulated shows that the muscle accumulates equal dieldrin at all the doses used. The differences in the dieldrin accumulated at different doses increases with the metabolic function of the organs. The principal symptoms of intoxication were anorexia, convulsions and tremors, which indicated that the nervous system is a major site of activity.

Animal Feed↗