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Biomedical subjects

M G Shubich

Publications and source records attributed to M G Shubich.

85 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in the nitrite level of the blood in patients in the acute period of a subarachnoid hemorrhage of aneurysmatic etiology].

Subarachnoidal hemorrhage leads to impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation by inhibiting the synthesis of major vascular relaxation agent nitric oxide (NO). Nitrite, a closest product of the oxidation of NO, is responsible for the synthesis of the latter. The Griss reaction was used for daily measurement of blood nitrite levels in 32 patients with acute subarachnoidal hemorrhage of aneurysmal etiology. There were upward and downward changes in nitrite levels as compared to the levels of healthy individuals (0.26 +/- 0.06 mu/ml): the levels of nitrite were 1.5-3 times higher than the normal levels in the first 2 days after hemorrhage and its concentration was the minimum (less than 0.16 mu/ml) when there was the greatest likelihood of development of vascular spasm. There was an association of dynamic changes in nitrite levels with the course of the disease. If vascular spasm was absent, the concentration of nitrite returned to the normal range at week 2 of hemorrhage. When there was significant and permanent vascular spasm frequently leading to death, the levels of nitrite was constantly below the normal range.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Perspectives of pharmacological correction of nitroxidergic vasorelaxation in subarachnoidal hemorrhage].

Subarachnoidal hemorrhage (SAH) causes cerebrovascular endothelial dysfunction that leads to impaired nitrosidergic vasorelaxation, delayed vasospasm, and cerebral ischemia. The purpose of the present review is to study the current potentialities of drug action on the system of generation of and the functional activity of nitric oxide (NO) in order to prevent and treat cerebral ischemic complications due to SAH. A scheme of the biosynthesis of NO and the mechanism of nitroxidergic vasorelaxation is presented. According to the direction of the action of a pharmacological agent (the biochemical target), the authors identified six groups of methods: 1) regulation of the level of a substrate; 2) activation of inhibition of NO-synthase enzymes; 3) action on the level of cofactors; 4) that on the metabolism of endogenous NO; 5) administration of exogenous NO; 6) action of the effector system of NO/cGMF. They show that not always an individual method is shown to be rather effective and safe for the treatment of patients after SAH. A concept of the combined use of methods from different groups for the synergism and potentiation of their impact on nitroxidergic vasorelaxation with a minimum of adverse effects is proposed.

Arginine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neurons of the medulla oblongata and hypothalamus projecting on the sympathetic neurons of the ventral horn of the spinal cord].

Connections of the neurons of the spinal cord ventral horn with the structures, situating above have been investigated. After injection of uranyl acetate into the TIII segment of the spinal cord, labelled neurons are found in various reticular nuclei of the medulla oblongata. At the level of the roots of the XII pair of the cranial nerves they are revealed in the reticular paramedian, ventral, parvocellular and lateral nuclei. The formations mentioned participate in regulation of the cardio-vascular system. More rostral (2 and 4 mm relatively to the roots of the XII pair of the cranial nerves) the neurons are observed in the reticular giant cellular nucleus, in nuclei of the raphe and in the group of the P-substance reactive neurons. Besides, labelled neurons are revealed in the posterior, lateral fields and in the dorso- and ventromedial nuclei of the hypothalamus.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Molecular aspects of the pathogenesis of inflammatory-destructive diseases of the periodontium].

The paper gives new information on the molecular mechanisms of pathogen reception in the human organism. The leading role is ascribed to the toll-like receptors recognizing the molecular structures of pathogens for bringing into operation natural resistance reactions with activation of transcription factors. Transmembrane TLRs are expressed on macrophages, dendritic, epithelial and other cells, calling for transmission of a signal of the presence of some adapter proteins. The considered effects of Porphycomonas gingivalis, the key periodontal pathogen, favor the chronic pattern of an inflammatory-destructive process due to its persistence in tissues, by inducing the expression of TLRs. It is suggested that recovered periodontal tissues in the natural structure and function are able to inhibit the expression of TLRs and to produce immune activators.

Bacteroidaceae Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The cytochemical characteristics of neutrophilic leukocytes in the peripheral blood and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the course of treatment].

The authors studied the activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase (AP), myeloperoxidase (MP), the level of cationic protein (CP), spontaneous and pyrogenal-induced tests of restoration of nitroblue of tetrazolium (HCT-test) in the blood and synovial fluid (SF) neutrophils in 116 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the dynamics of a 3-4-week and subsequent 6-month therapy with chrysanol, salazopyridazine and delagil. In the active phase all the patients exhibited an abrupt increase in the activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase in blood neutrophils, a drop in the level of CP (in 69%), a rise in the activity of MP (in 32%); pyrogenal did not induce any capacity for restoring HCT (in 44%). Indices of alkaline and acid phosphatase in blood and SF neutrophils and also of the induced TCT-test in blood neutrophils correlated with the degree of RA activity. Statistically significant positive cytochemical shifts were noted only after 6 months of treatment: a decrease in alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, a rise in the level of CP, MP and capacity for restoration pf HCT with pyrogenal in blood neutrophils. Increase in the correlation of CP or MP levels by 0.2 or more in blood and SF neutrophils, and also of the normal level of CP in blood neutrophils or its increase not less than by 15% 3-4 weeks after the beginning of therapy evidence good prognostic informativeness with respect to the effectiveness of basic therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Histochemical study of the digestive organs of rats on board for the space flight of the satellite "Cosmos-690"].

The digestive organs of rats exposed to a combined effect of space flight factors and irradiation were examined. The surface and foveal epithelium of the stomach as well as mucocytes of the fundal glands showed a drastically reduced content of the neutral carbohydrate component. The foveal epithelium and mucocytes of fundal necks also exhibited a significant decrease of the sulfomucin content. The large and small intestines showed a lowered amount of goblet-cells and their secretion. Pancreatic acinar cells displayed different changes in the content of enzymic proteins having cation properties. The above histochemical changes did not return to normal 36 days after irradiation and 26--27 days after readaptation to the Earth environment.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prognostic significance of the NBT test in patients with ichterohaemorrhagic leptospirosis].

The values of spontaneous NBT test significantly rise at the peak of leptospirosis in patients with an uncomplicated course of the disease (p < 0.05). Low values of the spontaneous NBT test with stimulation with Staphylococcus in patients with grave leptospirosis predict the development of life-threatening complications. Leptospirosis vaccine reduced the elevated values of the NBT in leptospirosis. The depressing effect of leptospirosis vaccine is indicative of a high risk of development of late complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Histochemical study of the digestive organs of rats after a flight on "Kosmos-605"].

The histochemical study of the stomach, small and large intestines and pancreas of rats flown aboard the biosatellite Cosmos-605 as well as of synchronous and vivarium controls demonstrated a significant decline in the mucine producing capacity of epithelial cells of the stomach of the flight rats on the R + 1 day. The study showed an increased content of sialo- and sulphosaccharides in goblet cells of cryptae of large intestine and a reduced content of free cation protein in the acinar cells of the pancreas of flight rats. The changes were transient and disappeared by the R + 26 day.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of acid lability of DNA in patients with leptospirosis].

Measurements of DNA and study of chromatin status in blood cell nuclei help solve numerous basic problems of biology and medicine. Acid lability of DNA was assessed in 5 patients with grave icterohemorrhagic leptospirosis. The distribution of fluorescence peaks on the curve of neutrophil DNA hydrolysis in patients with grave leptospirosis indicates that functionally low-active acid-resistant DNA fraction predominates in their chromatin. Assessment of acid lability of DNA is proposed to be used for assessing the severity of the pathological process.

Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mediator aspects of the inflammatory process].

Signal sequences of inflammation and regeneration are presented. The number of factors such as sensor neuropeptides, lipid mediators, interleukins and factors of growth are shown to participate in the initiation and regulation of inflammation. These factors are produced in a certain sequence by various structures: cells-object of damage, opsonocytophagic and immune cells, connective tissue cells. This results in the stimulation of adhesion proteins, processes of migration, chemotaxis, interaction with components of the intercellular matrix and parenchyma cells of the viscera. Fibroblast is considered to be the central figure in the resolution of inflammation and its chronization. The regulation of the process occurs with the help of autocrine regulation and apoptosis of functionally exhausted cells.

Apoptosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adhesive intercellular interactions].

The process of intercellular interactions during morphogenesis, inflammation and malignant growth are considered from the point of view of possible intercellular contacts provided by cell adhesion molecules. The system analysis of different cell adhesion molecules classes? their structure and influence on functional cell activity is performed. Clinical importance of expression disturbances of cell adhesion molecules at various pathological processes is considered.

Cell Adhesion↗