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Biomedical subjects

M G Serpell

Publications and source records attributed to M G Serpell.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Clinical characteristics of commonly used spinal needles.

The important features which determine the ease of use of spinal needles include rapid detection of cerebrospinal fluid, minimal delay before injection and low resistance to injection of local anaesthetic. We investigated these three parameters among the following 11 spinal needles: Becton-Dickinson 22 G, 25 G and 27 G Whitacre, 25 G and 27 G Quincke; B. Braun Spinocan 22 G, 25 G and 26 G Quincke; Vygon 25 G Whitacre, Portex 26 G Pencil Point and the 24 G Sprotte. Three needles of each type were tested using an artificial cerebrospinal fluid model maintained at body temperature and at two hydrostatic pressures of 12 and 50 cm of water. The Becton Dickinson 27 G Whitacre has an immediate detection time at both pressure heights, a reasonably short 'ready to inject' time and relatively low resistance to injection, which, together with a reported low rate of postdural puncture headache, would indicate that it is the most appropriate for spinal anaesthesia. The 25 G Whitacre types would be the next most suitable to use.

Anesthesia, Spinal↗
PubMed1994

The influence of nasal obstruction and its relief on oxygen saturation during sleep and the early postoperative period.

Nasal obstruction causes abnormal breathing patterns during sleep which often result in hypoxaemia. We studied the effect of nasal obstruction on arterial oxygen saturation in 20 healthy patients undergoing elective surgery which required bilateral nasal packing. Ten patients were subject to complete nasal obstruction while the remaining half had the obstruction relieved by the insertion of nasal cannulae. We found that nasal obstruction did not have any detrimental effect on the already low incidence of oxygen desaturation. There was no effect of the cannulae on the degree or frequency of hypoxaemia, although they did appear to improve the quality of sleep during the first postoperative night. They were more comfortable by day than simple packing alone and no adverse effects were observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Intrathecal catheterization alone reduces autotomy after sciatic cryoneurolysis in the rat.

There is substantial evidence that sciatic cryoneurolysis (SCN, freeze lesion of the sciatic nerve) is a neuropathic pain model in the rat. During characterization of this model, SCN was performed 4 days after either a sham operation or the insertion of an indwelling intrathecal catheter preparatory to selective spinal drug administration. Body weight and autotomy scores were recorded for the next 22 days until sacrifice. The catheter group experienced significant weight loss (7.5%) by 4 days but rapidly regained to parity with the sham group. Autotomy scores and the frequency of severe autotomy (score > 3) were less at day 22 in the catheter group as compared with the sham-control group (p < 0.005, p < 0.03, respectively). Intrathecal catheterization itself effects the degree of behavioral response to neurogenic pain and thus, should be controlled for in studies using nociceptive animal models.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Comparison of lumbar plexus block versus conventional opioid analgesia after total knee replacement.

A randomised controlled study was undertaken to assess the analgesic efficacy of continuous lumbar plexus block for the first 48 hours after total knee replacement surgery. Boluses of 0.5% bupivacaine with adrenaline 1 in 200,000 (0.3 ml/kg) were administered through a cannula inserted into the neurovascular sheath of the femoral nerve. Thirteen patients who received this block required significantly less morphine than a control group of 16 patients. Pain scores were similar and there were no complications related to this technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of piroxicam with placebo in the management of pain after total hip replacement.

A randomized double-blind controlled study was undertaken to assess the analgesic efficacy of piroxicam. Twenty-four patients underwent total hip replacement under spinal anaesthetic; after operation, they received a 3-day course of either placebo (n = 12) or piroxicam (n = 12). Adequate analgesia was provided for 48 h by a patient-controlled analgesia system delivering morphine. Patients receiving piroxicam required 50% less morphine than the control group (38 mg compared with 76 mg (P less than 0.002]. This technique was tolerated well and there were no significant side effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

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Anesthesia, Spinal↗