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Biomedical subjects

M G Galli

Publications and source records attributed to M G Galli.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Quality of some working places in Milan].

Questionnaires were distributed to the responsibles and to the dependents of structures with high turnover of people, to have informations about numbers and typology of instruments, habits of dependents and type of cleanings. In these structures, microbiologic quality of air and of informatic instruments' surfaces were evaluated and efficacy of treatment with some products of cleaning and sanification was verified. Air microbiological contamination was comparable to that found in other similar researchs. Fecal contamination indicators were not found on instruments' surfaces, both before, and after treatment; in 8 cases (3%) Staphylococcus aureus was isolated and in 6 cases (2%) species of not pathogenous staphylococci were isolated. At the beginning of the working day, mean values of total aerobic bacterial count at 22 degrees and 37 degrees, were low, settled to zero after treatment and increased progressively during the week. Infective risk for workers can be considered insignificant because of low microbiological contamination. Specific sanification products seem not to be necessary, since common products of cleaning have the same efficacy.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiologic situation of rubella in Italy 20 years after the introduction of the vaccine].

Rubella vaccination has been introduced in USA in 1969: it was addressed to all the newborn and to women in childbearing age. In 1970 it was offered in Europe to schoolgirls aged 11-14 and to women of reproductive age. The purposes were identical--namely to eliminate the incidence of CRS--in spite of the different strategies adopted: in fact the American vaccination programme tried to reach this aim in eradicating the disease, while in Europe special attention was given to the possibility of reduce morbidity in childbearing age. After 20 years we can try to verify if these objects have been attained. Recent data (MMWR, 1987) show that rubella morbidity in USA has dropped considerably (incidence rate in 1966 = 24.3; in 1986 = 0.2) and incidence rate for CRS decreased accordingly from 0.90 (1969) to 0.32. Nevertheless we must underline that 47.5% of cases in USA from 1984 to 1986 were seen in person older than 20, and serologic studies have shown that infection susceptibility, in the postpuberal population, is the same that in prevaccinal era (10-20%). Many evaluation of efficacy of vaccinal strategies have been carried out in Europe, always showing a smaller number of women of reproductive age susceptible toward infection, together with a reduced probability of exposure during pregnancy. In European countries, were rubella vaccination has been offered only to women, morbidity has not changed appreciably. In Italy rubella vaccination has not been introduced at the same time and with the same extension in all regions: for this reason it is not possible to evaluate efficacy of this vaccination policy on a whole. Considering ISTAT data from 1971 to 1987 we can identify epidemic outbreaks in 1973, 1978, 1982 (of limited intensity) and 1984; practically every six years, as they took place before vaccination era; if we take into account case notified between 1971 and 1981 in the different age groups (table 1) we can see that the higher prevalence is always in the 6-13 years age group. Vaccination has not modified the epidemiologic trend of the disease. However, considering only the class toward whom vaccination was addressed from the beginning, that is women of reproductive age, that can have had the possibility to be vaccinated in prepuberal years at school or in another occasion, after serologic screening, in adult life, we can notice substantial differences in infection susceptibility in comparison with prevaccinal era, that was about 10-20% (Galli, 1982).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experience with anti-hepatitis-B vaccination using a recombinant DNA vaccine, in students of dentistry at the University of Perugia].

Infection with HBV is still one of the more important professional risk for medical staff. This is particularly true for dentists the more so when they are operating in areas at medium or high prevalence of HBsAg carriers. In such situation patients often ignore their carrier state, when they know it they are not always conscious of the importance of notifying the information to their dentist. The dentists, on the other hand, don't routinely collect a detailed anamnesis of their patients. For these reasons the opportunity of being vaccinated against hepatitis B with a DNA recombinant vaccine was offered to dentistry students of the University of Perugia. All participants were to be negative for hepatitis B markers of infection including HBsAg and anti HBs. All volunteers were to have normal aminotransferase levels, be in good physical condition and give their informed written consent. 48 students turned out to be eligible for vaccination, of them 35 were males, 13 females, mean age 23 years. About two months after the third dose, all the vaccinees had seroconverted and 70.4% of them showed antibody titres between 1,000 greater than or equal to 10,000 UI/l. That indicate that very likely the antibody persistence will be long lasting (at least 5 years). Side effects, light and of short duration, were rarely seen.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Circulation of cytopathogenic enteric viruses in Lombardy 7 years after the introduction of vaccination against poliomyelitis with the Sabin vaccine].

The Author has studied the circulation of enteric cytopathogenic viruses in Lombardy in 1971, seven years after the mass vaccination campaign with Sabin vaccine. The incidence of such viruses has already been studied in the same area in 1964-1965-1967 and in 1971. The present survey demonstrated the constant rate of non polio viruses. On the contrary no heterologous poliovirus were isolated.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of anti-tetanus immunity in samples of the Italian population. I. Epidemiological considerations on tetanus in Italy and description of the technic adopted for sero-epidemiological studies].

The effectiveness of vaccinal prophilactic measures adopted in Italy since 1963 both on a volluteer and on a compulsory base, is analyzed according to the specific morbidity rates computed on a national base up to 1973. Rates for infants and young people have dramatically decreased, but rates for adult and old subjects still keep unmodified. Therefore, a tetanus vaccination involving adults and old people seems advisable, followed, as for children, by regular booster injection. A study on levels of immunity in samples of the population and another study on the duration of immunity after vaccination are supposed to be a reasonable base on which to build a program of vaccination in adults and old people. Such studies will be detailed in Note II and Note III. Note I describes and omments the technique adopted for the seroepidemiological studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the efficacy of antipneumococcal vaccination].

While deaths due to Str. pneumoniae have substantially decreased, this agent still heads the list of pneumonia agents in the community. The best use of the available vaccines, prepared with the capsular polysaccharides of the most commonly involved serotypes and serogroups, is documented towards some selected groups of population more at risk, such as the aged, the chronic diseased and those living in commities.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Meningococcal meningitis: preliminary epidemiological results on the introduction of a prophylactic vaccine].

Knowledge on the epidemiology of meningococcal meningitis in Italy is, at present mostly based on isolations of N. meningitidis from healthy carriers, seldom on seroepidemiological surveys, and only occasionally on isolations of the microorganism from cases. Such an incomplete and biased information could be of little help for an epidemiological evaluation of the impact of A and C polysaccharide vaccines, should they begin to be used in this Country, and calls for an urgent assessment of the baseline situation.

Bacterial Vaccines↗