Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M G Brown

Publications and source records attributed to M G Brown.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Intrachromosomal gene mapping in man: assignment of nucleoside phosphorylase to region 14cen leads to 14q21 by interspecific hybridization of cells with a t(X;14) (p22;q21) translocation.

The structural gene for purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (NP) has been assigned to a subregion of chromosome 14 by somatic cell hybridization of male and female cells containing the balanced translocation t(X;14) (p22;q21). Peripheral lymphocytes were fused to a pseudodiploid HPRT-deficient established Chinese hamster cell line. 23 primary hybrid clones (10 derived from male and 13 from female cells) were isolated and maintained in HAT selective medium. Parallel subcultures from generations 16, 24, and 40 after clonal isolation were fully karyotyped and analyzed electrophorectically for expression of the human types of NP, HPRT, G6PD, and PGK. The human NP phenotype segregated discordantly with each human chromosome except chromosome 14 and the der(14),t(X;14) translocation chromosome. In all, 8 hybrids which had retained the der(X), t(X;14) translocation chromosome under HAT selective pressure and expressed human HPRT had lost the human NP phenotype. These results indicate localization of the NP gene in region 14pter leads to 14q21.

Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase↗
PubMed1975

A double-blind trial of patient-controlled nitrous-oxide/oxygen analgesia in myocardial infarction.

The analgesic effect of self-administered nitrous oxide 50%/oxygen 50% ('Entonox" analgesic apparatus) was compared with air given by the same method in a double-blind trial in 81 patients with myocardial infarction. Self-administered nitrous oxide/oxygen, which was associated with a low frequency of side-effects, proved significantly more effective than air in the early relief of severe cardiac pain, but not in the relief of moderate or slight pain or when administration was continued after ten minutes.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Origin of a small metacentric chromosome: familial and cytogenic evidence.

A family is described in which the mother has an 18p- chromosome, one normal 18, and a probable i(18p). One of the daughters of this woman inherited the 18p- chromosome, and her phenotype resembles that of other 18p- cases. The other daughter inherited the presumed i(18p) chromosome, and her phenotype resembles that of some cases with extra, small metacentric chromosomes. The clinical, chromosomal, and familial evidence suggest that these abnormal chromosomes originated in the occurrence of one transverse break of the centromere and subsequent misdivision of a chromosome 18 in an earlier generation of this family. According to this interpretation, the mother is trisomic for 18p, one daughter is monosomic and the other daughter is tetrasomic for this chromosomal region.

Cell Division↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Molecular genetics of the K end of the murine MHC.

A systematic search of cloned DNA from the region between the Pb (A beta 3) and Ob (A beta 2) genes of the murine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has revealed the presence of at least seven new genes. Three of these genes show significant similarity to MHC class II antigens. Two of the other genes are members of a superfamily of transport protein genes and are believed to function in the transport of antigenic peptides during antigen processing. Genes encoding at least two subunits of a large intracellular protein complex (the LMP complex) that is believed to be involved in antigen processing were previously mapped to the same genetic region. This data suggests that this region of the MHC contains, in addition to MHC class I and class II genes whose products provide the scaffolding for antigen presentation, a cluster of genes required for antigen processing.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Wheelchair-related accidents caused by tips and falls among noninstitutionalized users of manually propelled wheelchairs in Nova Scotia.

The purpose of this study was to document what proportion of noninstitutionalized users of manually propelled wheelchairs are affected by wheelchair-related accidents caused by tips and falls, determine the nature and severity of the resulting injuries, and, by comparison with an unaffected group, identify factors associated with the risk of such accidents. We administered a postal questionnaire to as many as possible of the estimated 2055 members of the target population in the province of Nova Scotia. Among the 577 appropriate respondents, 57.4% reported they had completely tipped over or fallen from their wheelchairs at least once, and 66.0% reported having partially tipped. Of the falls and tips that were reported, 46.3% were forward in direction, 29.5% backward and 24.2% sideways. Many of the accidents occurred outdoors or on ramps. A total of 292 injuries were reported by 272 (47.1%) respondents. Most of the injuries (84.3%) were minor (e.g., abrasions, contusions, lacerations and sprains). Of the 15.8% of injuries that were serious, the most common were fractures (10.6%) and concussions (2.7%). Factors that appear to be associated with an increased risk of accidents and injuries included younger age, male gender, paraplegia or spina bifida as the reason for wheelchair use, having had a wheelchair prescribed, some wheelchair features (lightweight, camber, adjustable rear-axle positions, a knapsack), daily use of a wheelchair, propelling the chair with both hands, use of the wheelchair for recreation, use of a sideways transfer (without a transfer board) and doing repairs themselves or having them done by the dealer. Factors associated with a decreased risk include multiple sclerosis, stroke or arthritis as the reason for wheelchair use, attendant propulsion and the use of a one-person assist for transfers. The results of this study, that wheelchair-related accidents caused by tips and falls are very common, that serious injuries are not unusual and that there is a pattern of risk factors, should be useful to wheelchair users, clinicians, manufacturers and regulatory bodies.

Accidents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic plantar fasciotomy: preliminary study with cadaveric specimens.

The authors have developed an endoscopic approach to a plantar fasciotomy. This technique would minimize the surgical trauma that is normally induced with a conventional type of heel spur surgery. The authors believe that this new technique will provide an earlier return to normal ambulation, less loss of work, and earlier, overall increased patient comfort.

Cadaver↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Costs of managing patients at a Canadian rheumatic disease unit.

Financial and other costs of managing 194 inpatients and 433 outpatients referred to the rheumatology service of a Canadian general teaching hospital during 1978 were assessed. The tax financed institutional cost/outpatient visit was $102, compared to $112/inpatient day, which was 62% of the hospital's $180 cost/inpatient day. Hospital financial costs represent 78% of RDU outpatient costs and 85% of substantially lower than per diem rates. Our findings caution against relying solely on hospital data in assessing total economic costs of any diagnostic subset of patients.

Canada↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatitis B prenatal screening survey, Nova Scotia, 1990-1991.

We conducted a study in which 5,754 pregnant women who delivered at the Grace Maternity Hospital in Halifax were screened for HBsAg. There were five who were found to be seropositive for the first time (a screening yield for seropositivity of 8.7/10,000). Overall six were seropositive for a prevalence rate of 10.4/10,000. These rates are above the 6.0/10,000 level at which routine prenatal screening is considered to be cost-effective. Screening based upon risk factors would have identified only two of the five women who were found for the first time to be HBsAg seropositive. Based upon the results of this study, we recommend that routine screening for HBsAg be performed on all prenatal women in Nova Scotia.

Female↗