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Biomedical subjects

M Fuss

Publications and source records attributed to M Fuss.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Parathyroid hormone plasma level in untreated chronic renal failure and in hemodialyzed patients.

In 42 untreated patients at various stages of chronic renal failure, plasma level of parathyroid hormone was directly proportional to the degree of renal failure and inversely proportional to the serum calcium level. Plasma parathyroid hormone levels were frequently elevated in 21 patients undergoing regular dialysis treatment, in spite of normal levels of serum total calcium and magnesium. Serum-ionized calcium levels measured in dialyzed patients were usually reduced and inversely correlated with the creatinine levels. Parathyroid hormone levels were correlated with the creatinine levels, but the inverse relationship with ionized calcium was not significant.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fast fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) MRI in the assessment of intraaxial brain tumors.

This study demonstrates the value of a fast fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) technique in the assessment of primary intraaxial brain tumors. Twenty-one patients with primary intraaxial brain tumors were examined by T2-weighted, proton-density-weighted fast spin echo, fast FLAIR, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted spin echo using identical slice parameters. The images were evaluated using quantitative and qualitative criteria. Quantitative criteria were tumor-to-background and tumor-to-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contrast and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). The qualitative evaluation was performed as a multireader analysis concerning lesion detection, lesion delineation, and image artifacts. In the qualitative evaluation, all readers found the fast FLAIR to be superior to fast spin echo in the exact delineation of intraaxial brain tumors (P < .001) and the delineation of enhancing and nonenhancing tumor parts. Fast FLAIR was superior in the delineation of cortically located and small lesions but was limited in lesions adjacent to the ventricles. Fast FLAIR provided a significantly better tumor-to-CSF contrast and tumor-to-CSF CNR (P < .001). The tumor-to-background contrast and tumor-to-background CNR of the fast FLAIR images were lower than those of T2-weighted spin-echo images but higher than those of proton-density-weighted spin-echo images. FLAIR images had more image artifacts influencing the image interpretation in only two patients. Signal hyperintensities at the ventricular border were present in 92% of the patients. They are common findings in fast FLAIR and should be included into the image interpretation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential diagnosis between secondary hyperparathyroidism and aluminum intoxication in uremic patients: usefulness of 99mTc-pyrophosphate bone scintigraphy.

Forty-one patients in chronic end-stage renal failure and 4 patients with a functioning kidney transplant presented with spontaneous hypercalcemia or intolerance to vitamin D3 sterols and/or oral calcium supplements. Bone iliac crest biopsy with aluminum staining and Tc-pyrophosphate bone scintigraphy with determination of Fogelman score were performed in all cases. Two patients had aluminum-induced osteomalacia (AL O). Thirty-eight biopsies showed renal osteodystrophy (secondary hyperparathyroidism or various combinations of osteitis fibrosa and osteomalacia): 19 with positive staining for aluminum (RO + AL) and 19 without aluminum deposits (RO). The series also comprised 2 cases of pure osteomalacia (OM), 2 cases of osteoporosis (OP), and 1 case of osteoporosis with aluminum accumulation (OP + AL). Mean Fogelman score in RO patients (9.1 +/- 0.3) was significantly higher than in all other categories (5.9 +/- 0.5 for RO + AL, and scores ranging from 0 to 8 in the last 7 patients, p less than 0.01). Patients with massive aluminum accumulation in bone (greater than 75% of the total trabecular surface) showed no or very low uptake of the isotope by the skeleton. Fogelman scores of 9 or higher were always associated with histological secondary hyperparathyroidism. 99mTc-pyrophosphate bone scintigraphy is helpful to distinguish aluminum intoxication from secondary hyperparathyroidism in uremic patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of zinc deficiency and its clinical relevance among hospitalised elderly.

Zinc is an essential trace element, and constituent of many metallo-enzymes required for normal metabolism. Age may be associated with altered metallothionein metabolism related to changes in zinc metabolism. The objectives of this study were: (i) to assess the prevalence of zinc deficiency among hospitalised elderly patients; (ii) to define the social, functional, pathological and nutritional characteristics of zinc deficient elderly hospitalised patients; and (iii) to assess the relationship between the zinc status and humoral immune function among hospitalised elderly patients. Fifty consecutive patients underwent comprehensive geriatric assessments included evaluations of the medical (index of the severity of the disease(s)), psychiatric (Geriatric depression scale (GDS)), therapeutic, social, functional (Katz's scale), and nutritional problems (Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and biochemical markers (zinc, albumin, prealbumin (PAB), cholesterol) before their discharge. Fourteen patients (28%) presented a zinc concentrations lower than 10.7 micromol/l, this value is usually considered as the cut-off level below which a zinc deficient status is possible. Higher proportions of respiratory infections, cardiac failure, and depression were observed among zinc deficient patients as compared with the group of patients with normal zinc status. The other parameters of comprehensive geriatric assessment did not allow to discriminate the zinc deficient patients. The only slight differences (which remained unsignificant) concerned the prealbumin levels which tended to be higher in the group of patients presenting normal zinc status than in the group with poor zinc status (0.208+/-0.062 versus 0.171+/-0.068 g/l respectively, P=0.06), and the IgG2 levels which tended to be lower in the group of patients with normal zinc status than in the group presenting poor zinc status (2.77+/-1.91 versus 4.06+/-2.56, respectively, P=0.057). A negative correlation was observed between the Zn concentrations and the IgG2 levels (Spearman R=-0.311, P=0.028). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study presenting zinc status according to a comprehensive geriatric assessment among European hospitalised geriatric patients. We decided to perform this study to known whom of our patients needed to be supplemented with zinc administration. Considering the low energy intake of hospitalised patients (confirmed here in regards of the nutritional assessment), and the insufficient trace element density in European foods, the relevance of providing medical supplements or enriched foods to this population has to be evaluated. Although most of the current diseases may be relevant to long-term interactions between nutrition and ageing, certain states observed in the elderly, like impaired immune and cognitive functions, could still benefit from an appropriate nutritional supplementation.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Medical-insurance aspects of atlantoaxial instability in children].

INTRODUCTION: An os odontoideum is mostly diagnosed coincidentally on the basis of neurological symptoms or painful movement of the cervical spine. Diagnostic work-up and therapy are currently subjects of controversial discussion in the literature. CASE: Our report is about an eleven-year-old boy with an unknown os odontoideum, who developed neurological symptoms with tetraparesis after a fall from 1.5 m height. Conventional X-ray examination resulted in the diagnosis of a suspected dens fracture, MRI showed atlanto-axial instability and an os odontoideum with significant dural sack compression but no signs of acute bony or ligamentous lesion. CONCLUSION: Because of the importance concerning not only medical but also legal/insurance aspects, a possible coincidental finding of an os odontoideum versus a dens fracture must be included in the differential diagnosis. In the case of an os odontoideum without instability in children, conservative therapy is justified after due enlightenment regarding possible risks. In the event of neurological symptoms and/or persistent instability the authors advocate early surgical stabilization even in patients with little infirmity, particularly in view of the possible consequences.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Advantages of biomatrices in chondrogenesis of pluripotent mesenchymal stem].

AIM: The autologous in vitro expansion of chondrocytes is a new method for the treatment of localized cartilage defect zones in humans. In the past several investigators have shown the occurrence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in human bone marrow, periosteum and somite mesoderm. Moreover it has been shown that these progenitor cells are able to differentiate into chondral tissue under special in vitro conditions. The following study shows current possibilities and borders of a chondrogenetic stem cell therapy. Furthermore advantages and disadvantages of different cellular biomatrix carriers are described, cartilage tissue engineering-related problems are discussed and possible solutions were pointed out. METHODS: A literature investigation served for evaluation of the present clinical and experimental data. Furthermore our own cell culture experiences were considered. RESULTS: Until now there exists no clinical concept using the potential of MSC for cartilage tissue engineering. Reasons are the lack of biomechanical and histological stability and handling problems of the cultivated cartilage tissue, especially the difficulties to fix and secure the transplant in the cartilage defect zones in situ. CONCLUSION: The systematic investigation of biomatrices by chondrogenic progenitor cell culture systems may lead to important data for the evaluation of the chondrogenic potency biomatrices.

Cell Differentiation↗