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Biomedical subjects

M Furuse

Publications and source records attributed to M Furuse.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Medium-chain triacylglycerols enhance release of cholecystokinin in chicks.

Whether medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCT) affect the plasma concentration of cholecystokinin (CCK) and crop-emptying rate in chicks was investigated after 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 or 180 min of diet intubation. Triacylglycerol sources used were corn oil [containing long-chain triacylglycerols (LCT)], glyceryl tricaprate and glyceryl tricaprylate at a level of 200 g/kg diet. Plasma CCK concentration was significantly enhanced in chicks given the two MCT treatments, but not in those given the LCT treatment, after 30 min feeding relative to the initial level. At all time points, chicks fed the diet containing LCT had significantly lower plasma CCK concentrations than those fed MCT, and chicks fed glyceryl tricaprate had higher concentrations than those fed glyceryl tricaprylate. Dietary MCT sources significantly delayed diet passage from the crop compared with dietary LCT. These results indicate that MCT are more potent stimulators of CCK secretion in chicks than LCT.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Identification of membrane antigen C33 recognized by monoclonal antibodies inhibitory to human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-induced syncytium formation: altered glycosylation of C33 antigen in HTLV-1-positive T cells.

We isolated four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), M38, M101, M104, and C33, which were capable of inhibiting syncytium formation induced in a human T-cell line, MOLT-4-#8, by coculture with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-positive human T-cell lines. The MAbs had, however, no inhibitory activity on syncytium formation induced in a human osteosarcoma line, HOS, by HTLV-1-positive T-cell lines. They also did not inhibit syncytium formation induced in MOLT-4-#8 by human immunodeficiency virus type 1-positive MOLT-4. All MAbs reacted with various human cell lines of lymphoid and nonlymphoid origins, including HTLV-1-positive T-cell lines. Furthermore, they all reacted with a murine A9 clone containing human chromosome 11 fragment q23-pter. Two MAbs, M104 and C33, immunoprecipitated a membrane antigen with the same molecular size. The antigen (henceforth called C33 antigen) was about 40 to 55 kDa in HTLV-1-negative Jurkat, CEM, MOLT-4, and normal peripheral blood CD4-positive human T cells and about 40 to 75 kDa in HTLV-1-positive C91/PL, TCL-Kan, MT-2, and in fresh HTLV-1-transformed CD4-positive human T-cell lines. Pulse-chase experiments revealed that C33 antigen was synthesized as a 35-kDa precursor that was then processed to 41 to 50 kDa in MOLT-4 and to 44 to 70 kDa in C91/PL. In the presence of tunicamycin, a 28-kDa protein was synthesized. The conversion from 35 kDa to 41 to 50 kDa in MOLT-4 and to 44 to 70 kDa in C91/PL was inhibited by monensin. Treatment with N-glycanase alone, but not with sialidase and O-glycanase in combination, completely removed the sugar moiety of C33 antigen from both HTLV-1-negative Jurkat and HTLV-1-positive C91/PL. Therefore, C33 antigen has only N-linked carbohydrates, the modification of which appears to be substantially altered in the presence of the HTLV-1 genome.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

Long-term survival in aged patients with corrected transposition of the great arteries.

Corrected transposition of the great arteries is a rare condition, and few patients with this abnormality survive past 50 years of age because of associated congenital defects or the subsequent development of atrioventricular valvular insufficiency or heart block or both. We describe four men with uncomplicated C-TGA. Our patients are of interest for the following reasons: (a) their condition is very rare; (b) the diagnosis of C-TGA traditionally has been verified through invasive cardiac catheterization procedures; however, in our latest two patients, recently developed noninvasive diagnostic techniques played the decisive role in the diagnosis of C-TGA; (c) in these modalities, they presented as a "natural experimental model" that the right ventricle submitted to a high systemic pressure load is capable of increasing muscle mass over long-term adaptation. Our four patients illustrate that patients with C-TGA, even with the associated cardiac anomalies, may live a normal life span with proper management.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Determination of diborane by adsorption sampling using modified silica gel and the chromotropic acid-HPLC method.

A method for determining atmospheric diborane in concentrations higher than 1/10 of TLV, i.e., 0.01 ppm, has been developed using the adsorption sampling method. Silica gel impregnated with potassium permanganate, synthetic resin activated carbon impregnated with or without mercury(II) chloride and activated carbon impregnated with chromate salt showed adsorption capacities larger than 18 l of 3 ppm diborane test gas when the test gas was drawn at 300 ml/min. Complete desorption of the adsorbed diborane was possible only from silica gel impregnated with potassium permanganate into a hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution. As methods for determining the desorbed boron, both the chromotropic acid-HPLC method and ICP-AES were applied. The former was more sensitive, but the latter was less influenced by coexistent substances. The most sensitive and reproducible procedure for diborane determination was as follows: diborane is collected with silica gel impregnated with potassium permanganate (0.05% (w/w)) and desorbed into hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution (400 micrograms/ml) followed by the determination of boron by the chromotropic acid-HPLC method. When diborane in 3 l of 0.1 ppm test gas was collected, the desorption efficiency was 105.3% with an RSD of 13.5%. The limit of quantitation of this method was 0.0026 ppm in 3 l air. Much lower concentrations can be determined by sampling larger amounts of air.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1992

[Magnetic resonance angiography in 12 patients with Wallenberg's syndrome].

Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was performed in 12 patients with Wallenberg's syndrome (WS) in chronic stage to investigate the lesion of the vertebral artery (VA). The laterality of infarction in the medulla oblongata was confirmed with MRI: the right in four patients and the left in eight. In this study, time-of-flight MRA was evaluated. Coronal and OM sections in MRA were examined, because the former is useful to observe asymmetry and curve of the cervical VA, and the latter is useful to observe asymmetry and stenosis of the intracranial VA. In nine out of 12 patients, the ipsilateral VA was rather hypoplastic compared to the contralateral VA, and the flow of the hypoplastic VA stopped before and after entering the intracranial region. The contralateral VA of the hypoplastic cases showed curve in the neck in five patients and stenosis in the intracranial portion in one patient. A comparative study was conducted between vertebral angiogram (VAG) and MRA in four patients. Both VAG and MRA were useful in detecting hypoplasia and stoppage of the flow. It was considered that VA hypoplasia is frequently responsible for WS, and that MRA is useful in screening the vascular lesion as a non-invasive procedure to reveal changes of the bilateral VA.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[MRI of the thorax; clinical application and efficacy in 100 thoracic diseases].

We carried out a retrospective analysis of about 100 surgical cases of mediastinal, pleural, chest wall and pulmonary disorders in order to determine the clinical application and efficacy of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) of the thorax. Coronal and/or axial image of T1-weighted images were obtained in all cases, and T2-weighted or gadolinium-DTPA contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images were additionally obtained in several selected cases. All MR images were compared with findings of chest X-ray, CT and IVDSA (intravenous digital subtraction angiography) as appropriate. As a result, MR images were considered to provide additional information to that obtained by conventional techniques of chest X-ray and CT, in demonstrating chest wall invasion of pulmonary carcinoma, detecting hilar masses, which were difficult to distinguish from vessels, and in defining mediastinal masses. The anterior segment of the diaphragm is clearly depicted, aiding the differentiation of Morgagni hernia from other entities. Tuberculoma showed peripheral enhancement in Gd-enhanced T1 WI, which was distinctly different from the enhancing pattern of carcinomas. With the use of surface coil, the pleura and chest wall anatomy were clearly demonstrated. It is hoped that the wide application of this technique will increase the diagnostic accuracy of chest wall tumor invasion.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Changes in body composition of germ-free and conventional chickens during starvation.

1. Changes in body composition during starvation were compared between germ-free (GF) and conventionalized (CVL) chicks in experiment 1. At 8 days of age, the GF birds were divided into two groups, i.e. GF and CVL groups. The CVL birds were inoculated with faeces from conventionally reared birds. Until 14 days of age, both birds were fed a diet ad lib. and thereafter starved for 6 days. 2. Nitrogen loss during starvation was significantly lower in CVL birds, though the reverse was true for water loss. Fasting heat production was comparable between two environments. 3. Influence of the gut microflora on body weight and nitrogen losses during starvation was investigated in birds prefed diets high or low in dietary protein in experiment 2. 4. No significant effect of the gut microflora was observed in body weight and nitrogen losses. Body weight was severely reduced in birds prefed the high protein diet and nitrogen loss was lower in birds prefed the low protein diet.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Gut microflora can modify fatty acid composition in liver and egg yolk lipids of laying Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).

1. The influence of the gut microflora on lipid metabolism was investigated in germ-free (GF) and conventional (CV) laying Japanese quail. 2. Serum and egg yolk cholesterol concentrations showed comparable values in both GF and CV environments. 3. The fatty acid composition of liver lipids was modified by the presence of gut microflora. Notably, in the presence of the gut microflora, proportion of oleic acid was reduced and conversely, stearic and linoleic acids were enhanced. 4. In egg yolk lipids, the proportion of myristoleic and palmitoleic acids was significantly lowered and that of stearic acid was significantly enhanced by the presence of the gut microflora, though the difference was very small. 5. It was suggested that oleic acid could be easily either hydrogenated to stearic acid or desaturated to linoleic acid by the action of the gut microflora in Japanese quail.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Feeding behavior in growing rats fed diets containing sorbose.

The effect of dietary sorbose on food and water consumption was investigated in growing rats. Rats (26-day old) were fed diets containing 0, 100, 200 or 300 g sorbose/kg diet for 5 weeks in Experiment 1. Daily food and water intakes were measured at day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. Absolute food intake (g) until day 21 decreased linearly with increasing sorbose levels and so did relative food intake (g/100 g b.wt.) until day 7. In contrast, relative water intake (ml/100 g b.wt.) and water:food intake ratio (ml/g) remained high by day 7 with increasing sorbose levels. In Experiment 2, the effect of sorbose on the short-term food intake was compared with those of glucose, sucrose and maltitol in growing rats (25-day old) at a level of 100 g/kg diet in order to investigate how quickly reduced food intake would be induced by sorbose consumption. Cumulative food intake was determined every hour for the first ten hours, then at two-hour intervals thereafter during the 24-hour period that followed feeding. As rapid as 6 hours after feeding, cumulative food intake significantly decreased in sorbose-fed animals compared with other dietary groups. It was concluded that sorbose consumption decreased the food intake of growing rats from 6 hours to a few weeks after feeding, but this inhibitory effect disappeared afterwards.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Enhanced release of cholecystokinin in chickens fed diets high in phenylalanine or tyrosine.

1. Whether the ingestion of excess phenylalanine (Phe) or tyrosine (Tyr) in diets alters the release of cholecystokinin (CCK) into the blood was investigated in chickens. A single meal of control, Phe excess, or Tyr excess diets was given through a stomach tube, followed by the CCK determination with specific CCK-8 antibody. 2. Plasma CCK level increased significantly at 30 min after feeding the diets: about 2.5 times the basal level in the control group and about 3 times the basal level in both of the experimental groups. 3. The Phe excess diet significantly delayed crop emptying rates compared to the control diet, while the Tyr diet on the contrary enhanced the emptying rate. 4. Enhanced plasma CCK levels and delayed crop emptying by Phe excess diet are suggested to be associated with depressed food intake.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Lipogenesis depending on sexual maturity in female Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).

1. Lipid biosynthesis in the liver as well as transport into the follicles in Japanese quail were investigated depending on sexual maturity at 5, 7, 9 and 11 weeks of age. Lipogenesis of the liver and incorporation of lipid into the follicles were determined by administering [1-14C]sodium acetate. 2. Body weight increased up to 9 weeks of age, whereas the weight of the liver and follicle did not alter after 7 weeks of age. 3. Fatty acid synthesis in the liver was at its highest at 7 weeks of age. Incorporation of 14C into non-saponifiable lipid and glyceride-glycerol fractions in the liver was not influenced by aging. 4. The labelled fatty acids in the follicle increased linearly as the birds became sexually mature.

Acetates↗
PubMed1991

Effect of short chain fatty acids on the performance and intestinal weight in germ-free and conventional chicks.

1. In experiment 1, the performance and tissue weights of germ-free (GF) and conventional (CV) chicks fed on diets containing 25.4 g acetic acid/kg diet (AD) or 25.4 g kaolin/kg diet (KD) were investigated. Body weight gain in GF chicks was significantly higher on the AD, but significantly lower on the KD compared with their CV counterparts. The values for food efficiency, protein retention and energy retention followed a similar pattern to that of the body weight gain. 2. The weights of all sections of the intestine except the colon were significantly greater in CV chicks. In CV but not in GF birds the jejunum and ileum were heavier from birds fed on the AD than from those on the KD diet. 3. In experiment 2, the influence of butyric acid administration on the weight of some organs in chicks was investigated. The weight of duodenum, jejunum and ileum was significantly increased by intraperitoneal administration of butyric acid (2 ml of 100 mM solution/d) for 4 d, but no significant effect was observed by oral administration. 4. It might be suggested that short chain fatty acids such as acetic and butyric acids formed by bacterial action in the crop and subsequently absorbed are at least partly responsible for the heavier gut weight in CV birds.

Acetates↗
PubMed1991

Energy utilisation in germ-free and conventional chicks fed diets containing sorbose.

1. In experiment 1, growing conventional (CV) chicks were fed on diets containing graded amounts (0, 100, 200 and 300 g/kg diet) of sorbose from 4 to 14 d. Protein, fat and energy deposition were determined after carcase analysis. The values for growth, food efficiency, metabolisable energy (ME) and fat and energy depositions declined as the dietary sorbose content increased. 2. In experiment 2, the performances of germ-free (GF) and CV chicks fed on diets with (100 g sorbose/kg diet) or without sorbose were investigated. On both diets, body weight gain, food consumption and protein accumulation in GF chicks were significantly higher than those in CV birds. No significant differences were observed between the dietary treatment except for ME values, which were significantly lower for the sorbose diet. 3. It is suggested that dietary sorbose decreased energy utilisation, and that the microbial contribution to the utilisation of dietary sorbose was negligible in the chicken.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Effect of dietary sorbitol on the performance of broilers.

1. The effect of dietary sorbitol on the performance of broilers was investigated. Male and female broilers were given a control diet or a sorbitol diet (100 g/kg diet) ad libitum from 29 to 57 d of age. 2. Body weight gain, food intake, food efficiency and the ME values of the diets were not significantly different. Absolute and relative weights of abdominal fat were significantly reduced in birds given the sorbitol diet. 3. Compared to the control diet, the diet containing sorbitol lowered the serum glucose, total cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein concentrations.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1991

Prevention of the incidence of diabetes by dietary sorbose in nonobese diabetic mice.

The effect of dietary sorbose on the prevention of the incidence of diabetes in the nonobese diabetic mouse was investigated in animals from 5 to 11 wk of age. When sucrose (200 g/kg diet) in the control diet was replaced by sorbose, body weight was significantly reduced. The blood glucose level also was lowered in mice fed sorbose, but the serum insulin level was unchanged. Glucose was not detected in the urine of mice fed the sorbose diet during the experiment, but some mice in the control group excreted glucose in urine. Relative weights of the heart, liver and left kidney were significantly higher in mice fed the sorbose diet vs. those fed the control diet. The results suggest that dietary sorbose would benefit patients with diabetes by lowering blood glucose and inhibiting urinary glucose excretion.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Effect of dietary sorbose on lipid metabolism in male and female broilers.

Male and female broilers were given diets (6 males and 6 females per diet) containing varying percentages of sorbose (0, 3, 6, and 9%) and fed for ad libitum access from 28 to 56 days of age. Body weight gain and feed intake were decreased with increasing dietary sorbose, particularly in male birds fed diets containing 9% sorbose, although feed efficiency and N retention rate were not influenced by dietary treatments. Absolute and relative abdominal fat weights were higher in females than in males and decreased with the increasing levels of dietary sorbose in both sexes. Fat content in the pectoral muscle also decreased as dietary sorbose increased. Dietary sorbose did not have significant effects on serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, and chylomicron levels in either male or female birds. The ME values of diets decreased as dietary sorbose increased. Palmitic acid content of abdominal fat was significantly lower in birds fed the 9% sorbose diet than in birds fed the control diet. The reverse was true for linoleic acid content. It was concluded that dietary sorbose can be used as a potential regulator of lipid deposition in broilers.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1991

Nitrogen and energy utilization in germ-free and conventional chicks at early stages of growth.

Influence of aging on N and ME utilization in germ-free and conventional (CV) chicks was investigated at Stage 1 (2 to 6 days old) and Stage 2 (10 to 14 days old). Chicks were fed diets for ad libitum consumption with protein concentrations of 116, 220, or 445 g/kg diet. The N utilization was not affected by the gut microflora at either stages, but it significantly decreased for chicks on the high-protein diet compared with those on the low-protein and adequate-protein diets. The ME values of diets were not influenced by treatments, except for the high-protein diet at Stage 1, in which ME was significantly reduced.

Animals↗