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Biomedical subjects

M Fukui

Publications and source records attributed to M Fukui.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Patient survival and microsatellite instability in gliomas by high-resolution fluorescent analysis.

Deficient repair of nucleotide mismatches in the genome is considered a major factor in tumorigenesis. Such deficiency is evidenced by alterations in dinucleotide repeats of microsatellite sequences, specifically microsatellite instability (MSI) or replication errors. We investigated the frequency of MSI in human gliomas in terms of patient outcome. Frequency of MSI was estimated by examining five loci on chromosomes 2, 5, 10, 11, and 13 in 31 gliomas using high-resolution fluorescent microsatellite analysis. MSI was found at all loci in only 2 malignant gliomas (6.5%). MSI was detected at the D10S197 locus in 3 of 11 glioblastomas (27.2%) and 4 of 8 anaplastic astrocytomas (50%), while no MSI was detected in low-grade gliomas. Among patients with anaplastic astrocytoma, the 4 with MSI at D10S197 died from local recurrence less than 18 months after surgery, while 3 of the patients without MSI survived for more than 20 months. MSI at D10S197 may be a prognostic marker for patients with anaplastic astrocytomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The tumor-preventing effect of a mixture of several lactic acid bacteria on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis in mice.

The anti-tumor effect of a dietary supplement obtained from mixed cultures of several lactic acid bacteria was examined in the colon of tumor-inducing ICR male mice by use of a carcinogen, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH, 20 mg/kg body weight, 1 intra-muscular injection per week for 10 weeks). The animals were sacrificed either 15 weeks or 24-26 weeks after the first carcinogen injection. Macroscopically, the incidence of colon tumors at a 24-26 week period of tumor induction was apparently lower in mice treated with both the DMH and dietary supplement (76%) than in those treated with DMH alone (100%). Histologically, microadenomas were induced predominantly in the anal half of the total colon, and large lymphoid aggregates were often associated with dysplastic crypts in the distal colon. Apoptotic cell masses were shed into the distended lumen of the involved crypts. The statistical analysis at a 15-week period of tumor induction indicated that the incidence of microadenomas per tumor-induced mouse was lowered significantly by use of the dietary supplement. From the present results, it is suggested that the intake of the dietary supplement inhibits the early development of colon adenomas, and the inhibition of microadenomas results in a reduction of subsequent polyp and tumor yield in the mouse colon.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary choroid plexus carcinoma producing carbohydrate antigen 19-9.

An autopsy case of primary choroid plexus adenocarcinoma arising in a 40-year-old female, who was associated with a high serum level of a carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), is herein presented. After a subtotal removal of a tumor in the left lateral ventricle, the serum level of CA19-9 decreased rapidly, and immunohistochemical examinations of tumor tissue specimens obtained at surgery revealed intense reactivity for CA19-9. The present case may be the first example in which a primary choroid plexus carcinoma was shown to produce CA19-9.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of single-bolus vs. frequent low-dose treatment with nitrosourea in experimental gliomas.

BACKGROUND: Malignant glioma remains a fatal disease. Continuous or frequent low-dose (FLD) chemotherapy with nitrosoureas reportedly causes fewer side-effects than single-bolus therapy without decreasing the antitumour effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To study the effect of FLD treatment with nimustine (ACNU) in rats with glioma, we intracerebrally inoculated with C6 glioma cells. We began the ACNU treatment 5 or 8 days later (total dose, 25 or 40 mg/kg) i.p. as either one bolus or smaller doses spread over 5 days week. RESULTS: At a total dose of 25 mg/kg beginning at day 8, survival duration did not differ between untreated controls and the FLD group, while the bolus significantly prolonged survival; the FLD group showed some improvement beyond control survival at 40 mg/kg (each p <0.001). Beginning treatment after 5 rather than 8 days prolonged survival somewhat further. CONCLUSION: FLD treatment with ACNU is less effective against experimental glioma in rats than bolus treatment.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A lateral ventricular gliosarcoma arising in an ependymoma.

OBJECTIVE: We describe a 29-year-old man with gliosarcoma in the lateral ventricle. CASE: The patient presented with headache and impairment of consciousness. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging localized the tumor to the right lateral ventricle and showed heterogeneous enhancement with administration of contrast agents. The tumor was partially removed via a transcallosal approach. Histologic examination disclosed gliosarcoma arising by malignant transformation of an ependymoma. POST-OPERATIVE COURSE: The patient died of tumor progression 78 days after admission, despite intensive radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis and treatment of pituitary adenoma with adjacent carotid artery aneurysm.

We present three cases of pituitary adenoma with adjacent carotid artery aneurysm. The three adenomas are HGH-producing, prolactinoma and non-functioning tumors. Two of these 3 patients showed signs and symptoms of adenoma, while the other one showed a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The presence of the aneurysm adjacent to the pituitary adenoma was strongly suspected by the MRI finding, and the flow void signal sign just attached to the carotid artery in acromegalic patient. In a case of recurrent pituitary adenoma, development of the aneurysm was observed at a 17 year interval between angiography. Although the etiology of these lesion is not yet known, the change of hemodynamism seemed to have a major role in producing the aneurysm in all cases. The simultaneous treatment of the pituitary adenoma with aneurysm produced good results in all patients by the frontotemporal approach. MRI proved to be quite a useful tool in the management of cases of pituitary adenoma with adjacent carotid artery aneurysm. Cerebral angiography should also be performed without hesitation in such cases in which the MRI shows a significant finding of aneurysm. Simultaneous treatment of these lesions by a frontotemporal approach is recommended.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neuronal and glial proteins in medulloblastomas. I. Immunohistochemical study.

Neuronal and glial specific proteins were studied in 35 cases of medulloblastomas, using immunohistochemical methods and antibodies to neurofilament triplet proteins (NF68Kd, NF160Kd, NF210Kd), gamma-enolase, GFAP, S-100 protein, and myelin basic protein. NF160Kd positive cells were observed in 12 of the 35 cases. NF160Kd positive cells were noted in 2, but NF210Kd positive cells were not detected. Gamma-enolase positive cells were observed in 23 cases. GFAP and S-100 protein positive cells were seen in 25 and 28 cases respectively; many of these cells were reactive astrocytes. The myelin basic protein positive cells could not be identified. The expression of neuronal and glial proteins had no relation to the postoperative survival of patients with medulloblastoma, but gamma-enolase may be one factor for evaluating prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gd-DTPA administered MR imaging of intracranial mass lesions: a comparison with CT and precontrast MR.

Magnetic resonance (MR) images of 13 intracranial mass lesions taken with the intravenous administration of gadolinium-DTPA were evaluated in comparison with precontrast computed tomography (CT), postcontrast CT, and precontrast MR. In the MR images taken with Gd-DTPA, tumor delineation improved in eight of 13 cases (62%) in comparison with precontrast MR images, and in seven of 13 cases (54%) in comparison with the overall evaluation of precontrast CT, postcontrast CT, and precontrast MR images. Tumor demarcation was unchanged in the remaining cases; no deterioration was observed with Gd-DTPA administration. MR imaging with Gd-DTPA should be performed to better evaluate the extent of intracranial mass lesions and to provide additional information.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ruffling membranes in cultured human and rat glial cells.

We have previously described how mouse monoclonal antibody Mab S-11E10 specifically stained ruffling membranes and filopodia of cultured human glioma cells. We found that this antibody stains ruffling membranes, not only of human astrocytes and glioma cells, but also of rat astrocytes and rat C6 glioma cells. In addition, we newly prepared rabbit polyclonal antibody for the antigens, which were eluted by Mab S-11E10 affigel 10 (Bio Rad) affinity column chromatography from cultured rat C6 glioma cells. The polyclonal antibody detects 65KDa, 57KDa, 46KDa, 43KDa bands in Western blotting analysis and specifically stained ruffling membranes of human glioma cells on cell spreading. Using the polyclonal antibody, we studied the change of the distribution of the antigens during cell spreading and in fully spread cells. At the beginning of cell spreading, ruffling membranes were specifically stained, but 72 hours after plating the immunofluorescence was localized in membranes of supranuclear regions and small protuberances. Furthermore, we semi-quantitatively measured the contents of the antigens detected by the polyclonal antibody, using dot blotting immunoassay. The contents of the antigens rapidly increased at the beginning of cell spreading and thereafter gradually reduced. The change of the contents seemed to be time--and cell density--dependent and to relate to the extent of cell spreading. These results suggest that the antigens may play an important role in cell spreading of glial cells.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemangiopericytoma of the meninges: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study.

This clinicopathologic study concerns 15 cases of hemangiopericytoma of the meninges (so-called hemangiopericytic meningioma) among approximately 300 examined cases. Ages of the patients at the first surgery ranged from 25 to 67 years, with a median of 44 years. According to follow-up information, 9 of the 15 died between 1 year and 15 years after the initial treatment. Histologically, the tumor was indistinguishable from the hemangiopericytomas in other tissues and was characterized by a homogeneous vascular pattern, a uniform cell population and a wide range of cellular anaplasia. The presence of prominent mitotic activity suggested a highly active biological behavior. Immunohistochemical analyses for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) were done in 35 various meningiomas, 12 meningeal hemangiopericytomas, and three extracranial hemangiopericytomas. Most of the meningiomas of meningotheliomatous, transitional, fibroblastic, papillary, angiomatous, and anaplastic types showed a positive immunoreactivity for EMA, while all of the meningeal hemangiopericytomas and extracranial hemangiopericytomas examined were negative for EMA. Our immunohistochemical study may support the concept that the meningeal hemangiopericytoma is composed of poorly differentiated cells which may originate from a perivascular mesenchymal cell of the meninges but not from the arachnoidal cap cell.

Endothelium, Vascular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neuronal and glial proteins in medulloblastomas. II. Heterotransplantation of human medulloblastoma.

Seven resected medulloblastomas were inoculated into hereditary athymic (nude) and asplenic athymic (Lasat) mice. From these, only one transplantable tumor line was obtained, in nude mice. We studied the transplanted medulloblastoma immunohistochemically and by electron microscope. In addition, using enzyme immunoassay, the gamma-enolase contents of the transplanted medulloblastomas were measured and the results were compared with those of transplanted glioblastomas. Neurofilament proteins (NF68Kd, NF160Kd) and gamma-enolase positive cells were maintained in the successful transplants of medulloblastomas, but the GFAP positive cells were lost. Under the electron microscope, a few cells with ten nanometer intermediate filaments and microtubules were observed in the transplanted tumor. The medulloblastoma possesses some of the neuronal characteristics which are maintained in the transplants in nude mice.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anaplastic evolution of childhood optico-hypothalamic pilocytic astrocytoma: report of an autopsy case.

A 19-month-old boy was found to have an optico-hypothalamic tumor with obstructive hydrocephalus, and received a ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunt followed by irradiation to the hypothalamic area. Although his visual disturbances continued, general conditions improved subsequently and he enjoyed normal life with only a visual disturbance. Four years later, however, he developed vomiting, left hemiparesis and dysuria, and died at the age of 6.5 years. Autopsy revealed a huge tumor occupying the hypothalamus, thalamus, basal ganglia and the right temporal lobe. Histologically, the tumor was composed of pilocytic astrocytes with Rosenthal fiber in the hypothalamus, where the tumor is considered to have developed initially, and poorly differentiated cells with some astrocytic and neuronal differentiation in other areas. Dissemination of the tumor was extensive in the whole CSF spaces, and in the peritoneum through the V-P shunt. We consider this a rare case of a childhood hypothalamic pilocytic astrocytoma undergoing delayed malignant evolution.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Angiographic observations in idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia.

Twenty-four patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia were treated by neurovascular decompression surgery. All patients underwent preoperative vertebral angiography. After surgery, the vertebral angiograms of these patients were retrospectively reviewed. In 23 of the 24 patients, the superior cerebellar artery (SCA) and/or the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) compressed the trigeminal nerve. In the remaining case, no such compression by vessels was observed. On review of the angiograms, most of the compressing arteries, and the sites and numbers of compression points could be identified. Most of the caudal points of the SCAs which did not compress the trigeminal nerve were located higher than the compression points of the SCAs. It was therefore concluded that vertebral angiography is useful in the preoperative evaluation of compressing arteries. Since superimposition of arteries could be avoided, the straight AP projection was the most valuable of the three projections employed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In situ hybridization of type I collagen mRNA in puromycin aminonucleoside-induced glomerulosclerosis.

In puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced focal glomerulosclerosis (FGS), the accumulation of type I collagen has been reported to be observed immunohistochemically in the sclerotic area. The present study was designed to identify the cell type involved in the synthesis of type I collagen in glomerulosclerosis. Tissue sections obtained from rat kidneys with PAN-induced FGS were hybridized with digoxigenin-labeled alpha 1(I) collagen anti-sense and sense cRNA probes. Hybridization signals of alpha 1(I) collagen mRNA were mainly detected in adhesive lesions on the glomerular capillary loop, suggesting that alpha 1(I) collagen mRNA-positive cells were visceral or parietal epithelial cells and did not have a mesangial distribution. Signals were also detected in interstitial cells. The alpha 1(I) collagen mRNA expression, however, was not observed in ED-1-positive cells. It is likely that intrinsic glomerular cells and interstitial cells, but not macrophages, synthesize type I collagen in sclerotic glomeruli.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determinations of marine toxins in foods.

Prospects of new analytical methods for determining marine toxins in foods are described. The methods discussed include fluorometric liquid chromatography, cytotoxicity assays, channel binding assays, and enzyme-immunoassays. Emphasis was laid on assay methods for ciguatoxins and diarrhetric shellfish toxins.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microcystic meningioma: tumors of arachnoid cap vs trabecular cells.

Three unusual meningiomas with extensive microcystic formation were studied by light- and electron-microscopy. The tumor cells in the first and second cases had many morphological characteristics in common with the arachnoid cap cells: prominent and complex interdigitation of the fine cytoplasmic processes, numerous well developed desmosome attachments, and intracytoplasmic microfilaments. The prominent features of these tumors were a marked vascularization and hyaline thickening of the vessel walls, and the microcystic formation was considered to be related to these changes. In contrast, the tumor cells of the last case had characteristic structures in common with trabecular arachnoid cells. They were stellate in shape, and had only a small number of intracytoplasmic filaments. Arborizing relatively thick and long cytoplasmic processes showed simple junctions with occasional desmosomes, and delimitated microcysts. The tumor cells in this case were considered to recapitulate the subarachnoid structure and formed microcysts. Although the histogenesis of microcysts in meningiomas is not considered to be uniform, the biological behavior of these 3 tumors corresponded to those of meningiomas in general.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging compared with CT, angiography, and myelography supplemented with CT in the diagnosis of spinal tumors.

To clarify the significance of MR imaging and the present status of CT, angiography, and myelography supplemented by CT (M-CTM), the radiological findings of 50 spinal tumors were reviewed and analyzed. MR imaging was most effective for visualizing morphological features such as the margins and/or inner structures of the tumors. CT was also effective for imaging "dumbbell" neurinomas and extradural tumors. Angiography was necessary in one hemangioblastoma and in cervical extradural tumors. M-CTM visualized the morphology of intradural extramedullary tumors and extradural tumors, but provided no new information in most of these cases. It was concluded that when using MR the indications for CT, angiography, and M-CTM are limited and that CT or angiography should be performed only in selected cases. M-CTM appeared to be unnecessary.

Adolescent↗