Biomedical subjects

M Fukui

Publications and source records attributed to M Fukui.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

Altered response to histamine in brain tumor vessels: the selective increase of regional cerebral blood flow in transplanted rat brain tumor.

The authors studied the effect of intracarotid administration of histamine on the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in transplanted rat C6 glioma by the hydrogen clearance method. Histamine infusion at doses of 1 and 10 micrograms/kg/min produced an increase of rCBF in the tumor (24.6% +/- 16.4%, p < 0.002, and 37.6% +/- 18.2%, p < 0.0001, respectively) and also in brain surrounding the tumor (26.8% +/- 16.2%, p < 0.002, and 34.9% +/- 9.2%, p < 0.0001, respectively) without any significant changes in the ipsilateral hemisphere. Intravenous administration of pyrilamine (H1 antagonist) and cimetidine (H2 antagonist) reduced blood flow responses to histamine; cimetidine was a more effective blocking agent than pyrilamine. Intracarotid infusion of histamine (1 and 10 micrograms/kg/min) with intravenous injection of Evans blue dye disclosed the selective extravasation of dye in the tumor and the brain surrounding the tumor. These results indicated that brain tumor vessels could respond to histamine differently than normal brain capillaries. The mechanism of selective response to histamine could be explained either by increased permeability or by altered characteristics of histamine receptors in the tumor vessels.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

PC-766B, a new macrolide antibiotic produced by Nocardia brasiliensis. I. Taxonomy, fermentation and biological activity.

An actinomycete strain SC-4710, a new soil isolate, was found to produce a new macrolide antibiotic, PC-766B. Chemotaxonomic analysis of the producing organism revealed that the cells of SC-4710 had type IV cell wall, type A whole cell sugar pattern, type PII phospholipids, menaquinone MK-8(H4), cellular fatty acids comprising straight-chain saturated, unsaturated and tuberculostearic acids, and mycolic acids. The strain was identified as Nocardia brasiliensis (Lindenberg) Pinoy. The antibiotic, PC-766B, was active against Gram-positive bacteria, and some fungi and yeasts, but inactive against Gram-negative bacteria. It also showed antitumor activity against murine tumor cells in vitro and in vivo, and a weak inhibitory activity against Na+, K(+)-ATPase in vitro.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Low-protein diet attenuates increased gene expression of platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta in experimental glomerular sclerosis.

The present study was designed to assess whether platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A and -B chain and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) mRNA expression in glomeruli are affected by a low-protein (6%) diet during the course of focal glomerulosclerosis (FGS). Puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) was injected intraperitoneally in rats, and the right kidney was removed on day 22. The nephrotic rats received successive intraperitoneal injections of PAN on days 27, 34, and 41. Control rats were subjected to a sham operation on day 22. The PAN-injected rats were divided into two groups. Group 1 rats were fed a standard diet containing 22% protein, whereas group 2 rats were fed a low-protein diet containing 6% protein, starting on the same day as the first PAN injection. Rats were killed on days 0, 48, 60, and 80 after the initial PAN injection. The percentage of sclerotic glomeruli in group 1 rats increased markedly with time, reaching 73% on day 80. The PDGF-A and -B chain and TGF-beta mRNA levels increased significantly as glomerulosclerosis progressed. A positive correlation was noted between the PDGF and TGF-beta mRNA levels and the incidence of glomerular sclerosis. The low-protein diet reduced the prevalence of glomerular sclerosis (10% on day 80) and attenuated the abnormally high expression of PDGF-A and -B chain and TGF-beta genes in FGS glomeruli. These findings suggest that PDGF and TGF contribute to glomerulosclerosis and that a low-protein diet attenuates markedly the increased glomerular expression of the PDGF and TGF-beta genes in glomerular sclerosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Intraventricular hemorrhage and cerebral ischemic attacks in the presence of lupus anticoagulant mimicking moyamoya disease.

A case of an 18-year-old female, who developed an intraventricular hemorrhage and recurrent cerebral ischemic r attacks with Moyamoya like angiographical findings was reported. Lupus Anticoagulant (LA) was present in the patient's plasma. Cerebral angiography demonstrated stenosis and occlusion of the intracranial major arteries. Hemorrhagic episodes in patient's with LA is quite rare. The mechanism of intraventricular hemorrhage and the significance of LA in the differential diagnosis of Moyamoya disease are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Specialty service contracting.

Package pricing of specific services and procedures can be an effective cost-containment and marketing tool for payers and providers. Payers can secure fixed prices at discounted rates, and hospitals and physicians can retain and gain market share in an increasingly competitive health care market. Successful implementation of a package pricing strategy, however, requires a careful assessment of both market and operational factors. This chapter outlines how to identify opportunities for package pricing and how to establish rates and procedures.

Contract Services↗

PubMed1993

Gene expression for endothelins and their receptors in glomeruli of diabetic rats.

The present study was designed to assess levels of messenger RNA encoding for endothelin-1, endothelin-3, and endothelin receptors A and B in glomeruli of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes at 4, 12, and 24 weeks of age. In addition, streptozotocin-induced rats with diabetes were either treated with 8 to 14 units neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin daily to maintain moderate hyperglycemia (approximately 200 mg/dl) or left untreated to produce severe hyperglycemia (more than 400 mg/dl) during the 4-week study period. The messenger RNA levels for endothelin-1 in glomeruli of diabetic rats increased with the progression of diabetic nephropathy (4 weeks, 2.5 times control level, p < 0.01; 12 weeks, 3.8 times, p < 0.01; and 24 weeks, 5.3 times, p < 0.001. In contrast, messenger RNA levels for endothelin receptors A and B were not altered in glomeruli from diabetic and control rats throughout the experimental period. Messenger RNA for endothelin-3 in glomeruli from diabetic and control rats was not detected until 24 weeks of age. Insulin treatment partially ameliorated the increase in messenger RNA for endothelin-1 in the glomeruli of diabetic rats (0.3 times compared with diabetic rats without insulin treatment, p < 0.01), whereas insulin treatment did not affect messenger RNA for endothelin receptors A and B in diabetic glomeruli. These findings indicate that increased endothelin-1 messenger RNA in glomeruli may be a manifestation of diabetic nephropathy, and hyperglycemia or insulin-deficiency may play a role in abnormal endothelin-1 gene regulation.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

[Hemi-ballistic involuntary movement manifested as an parietal lobe syndrome].

A 28-year-old man had a asymptomatic meningioma in right parasagittal parietal lobe. At surgery, the parietal lobe remarkably swelled before completion of total removal of the tumor, although any suggestive factor causing brain swelling was not found intraoperatively. CT scan was examined immediately after surgery and only revealed a small hematoma in the tumor bed without any additional lesion in thalamus or basal ganglia. It was inexperienced post-operative complication that involuntary hemiballistic movement of left limbs appeared immediately after recovery from general anesthesia, although the post-operative complications of right parietal lobe syndromes, such as left hemi-anesthesia, hemi-agnosia, hemiparesis and hemi-ataxia were predictable. The hemiballistic movement persisted for 2 days postoperatively and the other complications completely recovered in the next 3 months. MRI, taken at post-operative 14th day, did not detect any abnormal lesion in well-known responsible areas for hemiballismus such as subthalamus, thalamus and basal ganglia. We suppose that the parietal lobe, especially Broadmann's area 7 may be one of the responsible areas for provoking hemiballistic involuntary movement.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Akin moyamoya disease in children].

Moyamoya disease is characterized by bilateral involvement of the internal carotid arteries. The etiology of this involvement is unknown. However, we previously reported two pediatric cases of moyamoya disease that progressed from unilateral to bilateral involvement. Some cases of unilateral occlusion in the carotid fork seem to have occurred at an early stage of definite moyamoya disease. In the present study, we examined five pediatric patients showing bilateral and/or unilateral occlusion of the internal carotid artery. In each case, the etiology was known. They included Apert syndrome, radiation therapy for pilocytic astrocytoma, systemic lupus erythematosis, von Recklinghausen disease and Down syndrome. The clinical manifestations, EEG, CT, MRI, PET, and angiographic findings in these patients were presented in comparison with those of definite moyamoya disease. This comparison led us to suggest that definite moyamoya disease might be included in these cases, and we emphasize the importance of precise examination in each case.

Acrocephalosyndactylia↗

PubMed1992

Rolling mouse Nagoya as a mutant animal model of basal ganglia dysfunction: determination of absolute rates of local cerebral glucose utilization.

In order to elucidate the neuronal mechanism of the motor disturbances of the Rolling mouse Nagoya (rolling), a neurological mutant mouse (genotype rol/rol) showing frequent lurching and falling over on walking, we determined absolute rates of local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) with the [14C]deoxyglucose method. The rates were compared with those of heterozygote (+/rol) with normal behavior, and of normal mice (+/+) of the same strain (C3Hf/Nga). Rolling showed marked and significant increases in LCGU in the structures of the basal ganglia such as the globus pallidus, entopeduncular nucleus, substantia nigra pars compacta and pars reticulata, and subthalamic nucleus, confirming our previous finding with semiquantitative LCGU determination. Additional significant but much less marked increases in LCGU of rolling were found in some structures of the brainstem and limbic system, such as the pedunculopontine nucleus, red nucleus, ventral tegmental area, lateral habenula, and CA1 and CA3 of the hippocampus. Although rolling has been regarded as an animal model of cerebellar ataxia, rolling showed no alterations of LCGU in the cerebellum. The heterozygote showed intermediate increases in LCGU between rolling and normal mice in the basal ganglia structures such as the globus pallidus, substantia nigra pars reticulata and subthalamic nucleus. Our findings indicate that rolling has a definite, genetically determined dysfunction of the basal ganglia. The primary site of the basal ganglia dysfunction might probably be in the striatum, involving both the neostriatum and limbic striatum, and resulting in secondary dysfunction in their target structures.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[MR imaging of stereotactic thalamotomy using radiofrequency methods].

Sixty-eight stereotactic radiofrequency (rf) thalamic lesions in 57 patients with movement disorders were evaluated by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Postoperative periods ranged from 5 days to 4 years and 9 months. All 68 rf lesions were clearly detected on T2-weighted images (T2WI). Changes in signal intensity on T2WI were classified into five patterns, as follows: Pattern I: lesions with three concentric zones consisting of an inner hypointense, middle hyperintense and outer hypointense zone (31 lesions); Pattern II: lesions consisting of an inner hypointense and outer hyperintense zone (4 lesions); Pattern III: lesions consisting of an inner hyperintense and outer hypointense zone (27 lesion); Pattern IV: lesions of a hyperintense area alone (2 lesions); Pattern V: lesions of a hypointense area alone (4 lesions). The outer hypointense rim in Patterns I and III is thought to represent hemosiderin deposition. The abnormal signal intensity on T2WI caused by rf ranged from 2 to 12 mm in diameter, and lesions in the late phase were smaller than lesions in the early phase.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Cerebral neurocytoma. A new subset of benign neuronal tumors of the cerebrum.

Three cases of patients with unusual neuronal tumors in the cerebral hemisphere are reported. All were associated with long-standing epileptic seizures. Computed tomography disclosed low-density lesions without contrast enhancement, which were interpreted as either arachnoid cysts or a cerebral infarction at initial diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging scans, however, revealed the lesions to be solid tumors. At surgery, the tumors were found to be relatively well demarcated, soft, and gelatinous. Histologically, all tumors were composed of small uniform stellate cells, which proliferated in a loose myxoid fibrillary matrix and resembled either oligodendroglial or astrocytic tumors. Ultrastructurally, however, all tumors showed neuronal differentiation, including numerous clear and occasional dense-core vesicles, microtubules, and a number of synapses. A review of the literature uncovered no other such cases, and therefore it was decided to classify these tumors as a distinct group of benign neuronal tumors, designated as "cerebral" neurocytoma compared with "intraventricular" neurocytoma. Related nosologic problems of neuronal tumors of the central nervous system and their possible histogenesis are also discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with translocation t(1;22)(p13;q13) in a 10-week-old infant.

A 10-week-old girl without Down syndrome developed an acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL). Bone marrow aspirates and biopsy showed megakaryoblastic infiltration with myelofibrosis. The diagnosis was made based on the findings that the positive reactions of leukemic cells to platelet peroxidase and to monoclonal antibodies which recognize platelet-specific surface glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa and GP78. The blasts also showed myeloid and monocytoid differentiation antigens. The leukemic cells had a karyotype of 46,XX,t(1;22)(p13;q13). Our case and two other infantile cases reported by other investigators establish the novel association of the t(1;22) with AMKL.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1992

Liquid chromatographic/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometric analysis of synthetic elastase inhibitor peptide.

A liquid chromatographic/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometric method for the determination of tert-butyloxycarbonyl-Tyr-Leu-Val-CH2Cl (Boc-YLV-CH2Cl) was investigated. Boc-YLV-CH2Cl was eluted from a Cosmosil 5C8 column in a solvent system of 0.1% acetic acid-methanol (30: 70, v/v). The positive ion spectrum of Boc-YLV-CH2Cl showed a quasi-molecular ion at m/z 526 with fragment ions which provided structural information. Boc-YLV-CH2Cl was purified from blood and tissue samples with Sep-Pak C18 cartridges. The analysis in biological samples was performed by focusing the characteristic ion at m/z 526. The calibration graphs were linear over the concentration range studied (injected amounts of 9.5-190 pmol). The method was applied to the determination of Boc-YLV-CH2Cl in biological samples.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1992

Oxidative metabolism of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in patients with IgA nephropathy.

The production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) after stimulation and the infiltration of PMN in glomeruli were determined in 20 patients with primary IgA nephropathy. The H2O2 production of PMN after the stimulation was measured with a spectrophotometer using horseradish peroxidase as substrate. The results were as follows: 1) when PMN were pretreated with cytochalasin B, H2O2 production after stimulation with heat-aggregated IgG (IgG) or serum-treated zymosan (STZ) was significantly higher in patients with IgA nephropathy than in controls, and 2) there was an increased amount of PMN localized in glomeruli in patients with IgA nephropathy using immunofluorescence of monoclonal anti-PMN antibody. It appeared that the increased renal infiltration of PMN which have a high potential for production of reactive oxygen species might induce the glomerular injuries in patients with IgA nephropathy.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

The 56 kd platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-related protein is phosphorylated and the most stable form in human glioma cells.

We report herein the presence of a 56 kd platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-related protein as a phosphorylated form in human glioma cells. The phosphorylation of the 56 kd form was found to be the longest of all PDGF-related proteins. By Western blotting using a monoclonal anti-PDGF B-chain, the 80 kd, 56 kd, 40 kd, 28 kd and 17 kd PDGF-related proteins were detected, while after treatment among the nitrocellulose membrane transblotted cell extracts with alkaline phosphatase, 40 kd was the most densely observed while the 56 kd and 80 kd PDGF-related proteins were also detected. In a 32P flush labeling study, it was revealed that PDGF-related proteins incorporated with 32P were detected at 28, 32, 35, 40, 56 and 80 kd but the 17 kd monomer was not labeled. Among the labeled PDGF-related proteins, the 56 kd PDGF-related protein alone remained intracellularly for at least 16 hours. These results indicated that the PDGF-related proteins in human glioma cells are synthesized in a phosphorylated form and partly remain in a 56 kd phosphorylated form intracellularly. The 56 kd form may thus be the most stable form and likely has a substantial biological effect.

Glioma↗

PubMed1992

Hypophyseal metastatic hypernephroma mimicking a pituitary adenoma. Case report.

A patient with a remote history of nephrectomy for hypernephroma presented a visual field defect with hypopituitarism. Neuro-imaging studies showed a highly vascularized sellar mass with suprasellar extension. Surgery, which was performed via the subfrontal approach, disclosed the pituitary tumor to be a hypernephroma. Although anterior pituitary involvement is rare, chiasmal compression is much rarer in metastatic pituitary carcinomas, a review of previously reported cases of metastatic pituitary hypernephroma and our own case indicated that pituitary metastasis from this carcinoma, in contrast to other metastatic pituitary tumors, often mimics pituitary adenoma.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1992

Anaplastic large cell Ki-1 lymphoma in the central nervous system: report of an autopsy case.

A 45-year old immunocompetent man presented with multiple lesions in the brain. A histological examination of the tumors showed a diffuse infiltrate of lymphoid cells with cellular polymorphism and of multinucleated giant cells. These cells were immunolabeled with antibodies against B cell lineage and with a monoclonal antibody, Ber-H2 (CD30), which showed the presence of Ki-1 antigen. Recently, among systemic non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, attention has been given to Ki-1-positive lymphomas, which have been incorporated in the up-dated Kiel classification. We report here a case of Ki-1-positive lymphoma arising in the CNS and review previously reported cases.

Humans↗

PubMed1992

MR imaging and angiography of cerebral venous angiomas associated with brain tumors.

MR study of 6 patients with concurrent venous angioma and brain tumor revealed that in 2 of the 6 cases, the draining vein of the venous angioma was located near to the tumor and was displaced by the tumor. Two of the 6 venous angiomas were too small to visualize prior to contrast enhancement, but could be detected following administration of Gd-DTPA. Angiography was required for definitive diagnosis of the venous angiomas. When a venous angioma is suspected or is detected incidentally, especially when very near a brain tumor, angiography should be considered before performing surgery to avoid surgical complications. Otherwise, ligation of the vein draining the venous angioma may lead to venous infarction.

Adolescent↗