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Biomedical subjects

M Fukuda

Publications and source records attributed to M Fukuda.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Effects of mercury compounds on growth, cell composition and glucose uptake in Tetrahymena pyriformis].

The effects of the mercuric compounds methylmercuric chloride (MMC) and mercuric chloride (MC) on growth, cell composition, and glucose uptake were studied in the ciliate protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis GL. MMC was the most effective growth inhibitor of Tetrahymena among mercuric compounds and sulfhydryl inhibitors; it completely inhibited growth of Tetrahymena at concentrations of 1/30-1/3000 of the others. The growth inhibition of Tetrahymena was inversely proportional to concentrations of chemicals in medium. Particularly in the case of MMC and MC the relationship between the concentrations and growth were S-curved in shape. Contents of RNA and DNA in cells were shown to accumulate proportionally to the MMC concentration. Cell division was probably delayed by MMC. The value of the ratio of RNA to DNA content shown by DNA synthesis was inhibited more strongly than RNA at MIC/4 of MMC. MMC inhibited glucose uptake, and the inhibition was likely due to altered permeability of cell membranes. However, no difference was found in lipid compositions between control and MMC cells by thin-layer chromatography.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Effects of methyl mercuric chloride on growth inhibition and the cell membrane of Tetrahymena].

The effects of methylmercuric chloride (MMC) on the growth and cell membrane of the ciliate protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis GL were studied. The compositions of fatty acids in the cell membrane lipids, which were extracted from cells cultured in medium containing MMC at 30 and 20 degrees C, were examined. As compared with control cells, 30 degrees C-cells were richer in saturated fatty acids than 20 degrees C-cell, indicating that the cell membrane of 30 degrees C-cells was rigid and that that of 20 degrees C-cells was mobile. When MMC was added to the culture media, the amount of unsaturated fatty acid in the cell membrane tended to decrease, resulting in an increase of rigidity of the cell membrane. When ergosterol was added to the media, the cell membrane became more rigid, and lipids were richer in saturated fatty acids. Ergosterol contributed to reduce the composition change due to addition of MMC to the media.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Novel N-terminal sequence of a glycine-rich protein in the aleurone layer of soybean seeds.

Glycine-rich protein (GRP), a cell wall protein, was extracted with hot water from the aleurone layer of soybean seeds. GRP was purified by adsorption on DEAE-Sephadex, Sephadex G-100 gel chromatography, and anion exchange HPLC. The estimated molecular size of GRP was approximately 30 kDa and GRP contained 59% glycine and 15% serine. The N-terminal amino acid sequence was a novel Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Intratumoral administration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha for malignant gliomas--two case reports.

Two patients with histologically verified glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma were treated with four courses of intratumoral administration of human natural tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) (specific activity 2.0 x 10(6) Japan reference unit [JRU]/mg protein) at intervals of 3-5 months. Each consisted of eight to 10 serial injections, ranging from 5 x 10(3) to 10(4) JRU/injection, at intervals of 3-5 days. There was no simultaneous administration of steroids. Serial neurological examinations and neuroimaging studies with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated partial responses ranging from 28 and 36 months in duration. No significant TNF-related brain edema, intracerebral bleeding, or neurotoxicity occurred. Local immunotherapy with TNF may be used safely to contribute to therapeutic efficacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Effects of dietary short-necked clam, Tapes japonica, on serum and liver cholesterol levels in mice.

Male mice were fed cholesterol-supplemented diets containing short-necked clams or defatted short-necked clams for 2 weeks under the dietary regimen of the same dietary level of protein (20%), fat (5%), and cholesterol (0.5%). Casein was used as a control protein. Similar results were obtained in two separate experiments with either boiled (Exp. 1) or steamed (Exp. 2) short-necked clams. The concentration of serum cholesterol in mice fed a clam diet was lower than in those fed control and defatted clam diets. Delipidation of clam raised the concentration of serum triglyceride. Both clams and defatted clams markedly reduced the concentration of hepatic cholesterol. Fecal excretion of neutral steroids was significantly increased by clam but not defatted clam, whereas the excretion of acidic steroids was stimulated by both specimens, in particular defatted clam. The results suggest that the hypocholesterolemic effect of short-necked clams is attributed to its lipid fraction, whereas non-lipid components contribute to the reduction of hepatic cholesterol and increased fecal excretion of bile acids.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Early progression stage of malignancy as revealed by immunohistochemical demonstration of DNA instability; I, Human gastric adenomas.

The degree of DNA-instability as revealed by the immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal anti-single-stranded DNA antibody after acid hydrolysis (DNA-instability test) was used as the marker of malignancy. This was applied to human gastric regenerative epithelium in chronic peptic ulcer (5 cases), adenoma (35 cases), and well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma (5 cases). Proliferative activity was evaluated by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry, and the quantitative analyses of the mean number and mean area of silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) per one nucleus were performed for all these cases. All cancers and adenomas were positively stained by the DNA-instability test diffusely, indicating the malignant character of the latter from the view point of DNA-instability, in contrast to the negative stainability of all regenerative epithelium. The percent number of PCNA-positive cells and mean number and mean area of AgNORs tended to be larger in adenoma and cancer than in regenerative epithelium, although the differences were not usually statistically significant. Supporting the malignant character of adenoma, single cell necroses and abnormal mitoses were almost always present in the lesion. In conclusion, all adenoma lesions were regarded as malignant in nature, namely, in-situ carcinoma, existing at an early stage of progression of malignancy.

3,3'-Diaminobenzidine↗
PubMed1994

Early progression stage of malignancy as revealed by immunohistochemical demonstration of DNA instability; II, Otorhinolaryngeal border-line neoplastic lesions.

The degree of DNA-instability as revealed by the immunohistochemical staining with anti-single-stranded DNA antibody after acid hydrolysis (DNA-instability test) was used as a marker of malignancy. This was applied to benign, border-line, and malignant neoplastic lesions found in the otorhinolaryngeal regions (31 cancer, 22 leukoplakia, 10 nasal inverted papilloma, 33 salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma, and 7 Warthin's tumor cases). Proliferative activity and polarity of the proliferative cell distribution were evaluated by PCNA-immunohistochemistry, and the quantitative analyses of the number, mean size, largest size, and maximum shape-irregularity of AgNORs in a nucleus were performed for all these cases. As the results, 31 cancer (100%), 20 leukoplakia (90.1%), 10 nasal inverted papilloma (100%), and 21 pleomorphic adenoma (63.6%) cases were positively stained by the DNA-instability test diffusely or sporadically, indicating their malignancy. Reflecting the malignant character, these cases showed a remarkable increase in the PCNA-index with the loss of polarity of PCNA-positive cell distribution, and also increased number, mean and largest sizes, and maximum shape-irregularity of AgNORs. These results indicate that all nasal inverted papillomas are malignant in nature, namely, in situ carcinoma, and the majority of leukoplakia is also regarded as in situ cancer, although a certain percentage of simple hyperplasia may be included. Furthermore, the pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland can be regarded as an "unstable tumor" which often contains or predisposes to bear malignant subclones with occasional capsular or extracapsular invasion, reflecting the progression of malignancy. In the present study, no sign of malignancy was detected in Warthin's tumor.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

[Exertional hypoxemia evaluated by pulse oximetry in patients with interstitial lung diseases].

The pattern of change in arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2) measured by pulse oximetry (PO) during exercise, including daily activities, was studied in 23 patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), 19 of whom had idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 3 collagen vascular disease, and 1 BOOP. Hypoxemia, as detected by PO appeared without dyspnea at the beginning of exertion or at a mild workload. Exercise usually induced significant changes in the same fashion first in heart rate, then in SpO2, and then in dyspnea, but stair climbing had a different pattern. Workload at the lactate threshold (LT) and symptom-limited maximal exercise (SL) in a bicyclergometer incremental exercise test correlated well with distance walked in a 10-minute walking test (10-eMD) (p < 0.01). Similarly, the degree in desaturation in each exercise test was closely correlated (p < 0.01). Exertional hypoxemia was more prominent in patients with ILD than in those with chronic pulmonary emphysema. Nevertheless, dyspne changed less per change in SpO2 in ILD patients. We conclude that prolonged monitoring of SpO2 by PO will disclose the presence of exertional desaturation in ILD patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

[A case of pulmonary tuberculosis developed immediately after a chest wall injury].

A 75-year-old female was admitted to our hospital for further examination of the cause of blood-stained sputum and abnormal shadow on chest radiogram which had developed immediately after an injury of right chest wall. The bacteriological examination of sputum on admission revealed negative Gaffky score, but positive PCR, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated by culture. Her symptoms and chest radiogram were improved by the administration of isoniazid, ethambutol and rifampicin. Although development of pulmonary tuberculosis induced by chest wall injury is rare, in case of the aged persons such possibility should be considered. PCR may be useful for rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis, even in such case.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Universal probe system for DNA fingerprinting.

A universal probe system is a combination of an unlabeled primary probe that has been inserted in a cloning vector and a labeled secondary probe that is specific to the vector. This system is time- and labor-saving in that one does not need to label probes every time one uses them, so long as they are inserted in the same vector. As a first step in the preparation of a universal probe system for DNA fingerprinting, we isolated multi-locus probes from a subgenomic library that had been constructed by insertion into the phagemid pUC118 of 1-2 kb fragments of DNA from human myeloma cells. Next, we isolated single-stranded DNAs of recombinant phagemids, and hybridized them with Southern blots of DNAs from mother-child-father trios or unrelated individuals. As with double-stranded DNA probes, we were able to detect DNA fingerprints, with a commercially available, alkaline phosphatase-labeled secondary probe or a digoxigenin-labeled universal sequencing primer.

DNA Fingerprinting↗
PubMed1994

[Empiric therapy with fluconazole in granulocytopenic patients with carcinoma or leukemia].

We performed a randomized clinical trial in granulocytopenic patients with carcinoma or leukemia. Patients with persistent fever for more than 2 days despite antibiotic therapy were randomized to antibiotic plus fluconazole therapy group (FLCZ group) or antibiotic therapy only group (antibiotic group) by the envelope method. It was possible to evaluate clinical efficacies in 62 patients (37 patients in FLCZ group and 25 patients in antibiotics group). In patients whose neutrophil counts were less than 100/microliters on the initial day of therapy, clinical efficacy rates were 72.0% (18/25) in FLCZ group and 57.1% (8/14) in antibiotics group. In patients whose neutrophil counts continued to be less than 100/microliters during therapy, clinical efficacy rates were 64.3% (9/14) and 50.0% (3/6), respectively. Further, in patients whose neutrophil counts continued to be less than 500/microliters during therapy, they were 76.9% (20/26) and 53.3% (8/15), respectively. No severe side effects nor severe case of abnormal change in laboratory test values due to fluconazole were observed in this trial. These data suggest that empiric antifungal therapy with fluconazole is effective for fungal infections in granulocytopenic patients with carcinoma and leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Dynamics of fluoroquinolone agents in tear fluid--a comparison of the dynamic in tears of human and rabbit eyes].

We compared the dynamics of fluoroquinolones administered either systemically or locally, in the tears of human and rabbit eyes. The concentrations of locally administered ofloxacin (OFLX) in the human and rabbit tear fluid were similar. However, there was a difference between the norfloxacin (NFLX) concentrations in human and rabbit tear fluid measured after instillation. The NFLX concentrations in the tear fluid were significantly higher than the OFLX concentrations and they were retained longer with oral administration. On the other hand, the drug dynamics depended on the concentrations of the drug in the serum, and were better in the rabbit eyes than in the human eyes. Knowing the correlation of drug dynamics in rabbit and human eyes may supply useful information about drug dynamics in human eyes, and may be a useful index for clinical treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

A case of chronic pancreatitis with pseudocysts complicated by infection and obstructive jaundice.

We report a case of chronic pancreatitis with pseudocysts complicated by infection and obstructive jaundice. A 49-yr-old male was admitted with the complaints of fever and jaundice. Laboratory findings included high biliary tract enzyme values and normal serum amylase value. Ultrasonography and computed tomographic scan demonstrated a cyst, 4 cm in diameter, in the pancreas head. Cholangiography revealed a long, tapered obstruction of the common bile duct which was apparently compressed by the cyst. Although the jaundice improved after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, fever continued, and the cyst was aspirated. Bacteriological examination of the contents revealed infection. The symptoms disappeared rapidly and the cyst decreased in size soon after aspiration. The stenosis of the common bile duct showed improvement for several weeks but then regressed. In a patient with secondary pancreatic infection or obstructive jaundice following pancreatic disease, distinguishing the condition is an important aspect of accurate diagnosis and therapy.

Cholestasis↗
PubMed1994

[Outcome of treatment protocol 8704T for childhood T cell leukemia and lymphoma].

We reported the treatment outcome of Protocol 8704T, which included repeated L-asparaginase, for childhood T cell malignancies. Fifteen cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and 11 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (T-NHL), aged 3 to 14 yrs (median 6 yrs), were enrolled. Twelve T-ALL had mediastinal mass. Murphy's stages of T-NHL were 6 with III and 5 with IV. Types of histology consisted of 8 lymphoblastic and 3 large cell. Treatment was performed for 2 years. Observation periods were from 14 months to 78 months (median 42 months). Twenty-three achieved remission and 6 of them were transplanted with bone marrow or peripheral stem cells in the first remission. The protocol was continued in 17 cases. Fourteen of them remain in first remission, but one died of measles and 2 died of relapse. The 5-year event-free survival was 76.1% for ALL and 65.5% for NHL. In terms of histology, it was 87.5% for lymphoblastic NHL and 33.3% for large cell NHL (p = 0.19). In terms of phenotypes in ALL, it was 88.7% for ALL positive to CD2, 5 and 7, while 2 ALL positive to CD7 alone both failed. Therefore, it was shown that this treatment protocol is very effective for T-lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Report of two cases with idiopathic true exfoliation of the lens capsule--histopathological and electron microscopical study].

True exfoliation is a delamination of the superficial or all layers of the anterior lens capsule, appearing as a transparent membrane in the anterior chamber. It is a rare occurrence and most of the reported cases have been associated with histories of exposure to excessive heat, ocular trauma, or intraocular inflammation. We report two cases of idiopathic true exfoliation without any contributory history. In one case, the lens was surgically removed intracapsularly, and served for histological study and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The anterior fourth of the capsule was delaminated. Underlying epithelial cells showed nonspecific senile changes.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia developed 9 years after the diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in a child].

A 5-year-old girl was diagnosed as having idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) based on symptoms of nasal bleeding and purpura. The platelet count was 35,000/microliters without anemia or leukopenia. Micromegakaryocytes were observed in normocellular bone marrow without dyserythropoiesis or dysgranulopoiesis. She had periosteal fibroma of the rib and atopic dermatitis with elevated serum IgE. Prednisolone and azathioprine were administered but with no response. The cumulative dose of azathioprine was 20 g for 28 months. Nine years after the diagnosis of ITP, she was admitted because of dyspnea and anemia. The white cell count was 26,900/microliters with 17% monocytes. The hemoglobin was 3.9 g/dl and the platelet count was 9,000/microliters. Dyserythropoiesis, dysgranulopoiesis and micromegakaryocytes were observed in hypercellular bone marrow. The chromosome analysis demonstrated 47, XX, +21. She was diagnosed as having chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL) and received bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from an HLA-identical sibling conditioned with high-dose busulfan and melphalan. After 17 months of remission, the disease recurred with an abnormal karyotype of 47, XX, +21, 7q+. Despite a second BMT conditioned with high-dose etoposide, cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation, she died of the disease. Refractory thrombocytopenia as a subgroup of myelodysplastic syndrome, rather than ITP, might have preceded the development of CMMoL, with the possibility of azathioprine-induced leukemia.

Adolescent↗