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Biomedical subjects

M Fukazawa

Publications and source records attributed to M Fukazawa.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Efficacy of cyclosporin A for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

In an 11-year-old girl with severe dyspnoea and cyanosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) was diagnosed. The PaO2 of blood could be maintained between 50 mm Hg and 70 mm Hg with a high dose pulse corticosteroid therapy, although this dose could not be reduced. Azathioprine in addition to prednisolone provoked deterioration. Twelve weeks after admission, cyclosporin A (Cs A), a known immunosuppressant, was started together with prednisolone. The PaO2 reverted to normal within 1 month and prednisolone could be tapered off within 6 months. Two years after admission, the patient is free of symptoms on continuous Cs A therapy. This case seems to be the first case successfully treated with Cs A.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

The biological characteristics and chemosensitivity of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma transplanted into nude mice.

Three xenografts established from three patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma were investigated for their biological characteristics and chemosensitivity. The histological and immunohistochemical findings of these tumors were almost the same as those of the original tumors. Although the growth rate of each xenograft was constant, the tumor doubling time varied from 4.8 per 9.0 days, and the labeling indexes, determined using bromodeoxyuridine pulse labeling, varied from 11.4 to 25.1 per cent. The chemosensitivity tests were performed according to the Battelle Columbus Laboratories Protocol, with adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, mitomycin C and tegafur administered intraperitoneally to tumor-bearing nude mice in maximum tolerable doses. Tumors with slower growth rates tended to be sensitive to more drugs. Furthermore, cyclophosphamide showed antitumor effects against all the tumors tested. Although previous treatments of the original tumors may have affected the results, our results suggest that a more suitable chemotherapy for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma could be developed.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The mechanism for erosion of glass-ionomer cements in organic-acid buffer solutions.

The behavior and mechanism for erosion of glass-ionomer cements in organic-acid buffer solutions were studied as a function of time, pH, and citric-acid concentration. In acidic solutions, the dissolution of the cement was controlled by the diffusion of the eluted species in the cement matrix, which depended on H+ ion concentration. In citric-acid solutions, the dissolution of the cement was controlled by both the diffusion and the surface reaction between the acid anion and the eluted species. Contribution of the latter reaction was larger with the increase in the acid concentration.

Acetates↗
PubMed1990

[Two cases of wedge pneumonectomy in primary lung cancer involved into carina].

Right wedge pneumonectomy was performed on two cases of primary lung cancer involved into carina. A 59-year-old male involved with primary lung cancer was found with bloody sputum. Preoperative data confirmed as the superficial spread type of squamous cell carcinoma in carinal lesion and tumor was resectable with wedge pneumonectomy. In the second case, abnormal shadow was pointed out on chest X-ray film of a 61-year-old male patient. Preoperative examination defined as primary lung cancer of rt-S6 with subcarinal lymph node metastasis. The operation indicated wedge pneumonectomy with patch plasty using the wall of right main bronchus. Although wedge pneumonectomy is not common compared to sleeve pneumonectomy, if available this procedure is technically easier and post-operative management may be more successful. Wedge pneumonectomy limits resectable area, because the continuation of tracheo-bronchial wall must be remained in part. Therefore, the indication of this procedure for surgical treatment of lung cancer is limited. However, when this procedure indicates to selected case with limited lesion of carina, this may be an useful procedure as surgical treatment of primary lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Study of cell kinetics in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma transplanted to nude mice.

The cell kinetics of the transplantable human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma were studied in athymic nude mice using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) pulse labeling. In order to estimate the cell cycle time in this study, the percent labeled mitosis curve was prepared with immunoperoxidase staining using monoclonal antibody to BrdU instead of 3[H]thymidine autoradiography. This technique was considered to be very useful because it can be done for a short term and can still be changed to the autoradiographic method. Comparing the results in this study with already reported data on various xenografts of human carcinomas in nude mice, the tumor doubling time (117.5 hr) and the cell cycle time (23.5 hr) were rather short, but the growth fraction (54%) and the cell loss factor (68%) were nearly equivalent to the median value. These findings suggest that the very rapid growth rate of this tumor was mainly due to the shortness of the cell cycle time.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A case of VACTEL syndrome with antenatally diagnosed duodenal atresia.

A rare case of VACTEL syndrome with antenatally diagnosed duodenal atresia is reported. We performed one-staged radial surgery for the esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula and duodenal atresia. The prognosis of VACTEL syndrome with duodenal atresia is very poor. This is the first reported case cured operatively.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1989

Exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmia after repair of tetralogy of Fallot.

Treadmill exercise electrocardiography (TE) was recorded in 50 patients to evaluate the incidence of exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) in a group of patients who underwent corrective surgery of tetralogy of Fallot (TF) more than four years previously. The results of rhythm evaluation were correlated with cardiac catheterization data as well as clinical information such as the age at surgery and the interval from surgery. Of the 50 patients tested, ventricular premature contraction (VPC) was confirmed in 12 patients (24%) on TE, while five patients (10%) demonstrated VPC on the standard ECG. The interval from surgery was significantly longer in those patients with VA (Group 1) than those without VA (Group II) on TE (p less than 0.05). There was no significant difference of the age at corrective surgery between the two groups. In group I, the preoperative hemoglobin level was higher (p less than 0.05) and the right ventricular ejection fraction was lower (p less than 0.01). Exercise-induced VAs are closely related to the length of period after surgery and the depressed right ventricular function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Atrial septal defects in neonates with reference to spontaneous closure.

Early diagnosis of atrial septal defects (ASDs) by means of two-dimensional echocardiography has facilitated studies on the natural course of this lesion. Among 12 Japanese infants in whom a diagnosis of opening of the atrial septum was made in the neonatal period, eight had spontaneous closure at age 2 to 16 months, as shown by two-dimensional echocardiography. To study the exact incidence and natural course of atrial openings in the neonatal period, another 102 consecutive infants from two neonatal care units were followed prospectively with the use of two-dimensional echocardiography. Atrial openings were evident in 24 infants (24%) within the first week of life, in 13 (13%) older than 1 week, in seven (7%) older than 1 month, in five (5%) older than 6 months, and in two (2%) older than 1 year. Twenty-eight of the 30 infants with spontaneous closure in both groups had valvelike openings of the atrial septum that closed by fusion of the valves. ASDs that closed spontaneously in infants with clinical signs and symptoms of atrial shunt may be the same clinical entity as the valvelike openings of the atrial septum frequently observed in neonates with few clinical symptoms and may be differentiated morphologically from ASDs with openings without valve formation, which have little tendency to close.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1988

Incidence and severity of ventricular arrhythmia in patients after repair of tetralogy of Fallot.

To evaluate the incidence and severity of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) in a large group of patients who underwent corrective surgery for tetralogy of Fallot (TF) more than 4 years previously (mean age at surgery: 6 years 5 months), cardiac catheterization and cineangiography as well as 24 hour ambulatory Holter electrocardiography (HE) were performed in 45 patients. Fifteen (33%) of the 45 patients had VA of Lown grade 2 or greater. Patients with VA (group I) were found to be significantly older at surgery than patients without VA (group II) (p less than 0.05). There were no significant differences in the ratio of postoperative right and left ventricular systolic pressures (RVSP/LVSP), and also right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) between the 2 groups. As far as we know, none of our patients has suffered a sudden late death after repair of TF. Still, the overall incidence of VA was significantly high.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

To what extent does the size of a ventricular septal defect correlate with haemodynamic data derived from cardiac catheterisation?

A simplified model based on Gorlin's formula was used to derive an index of the cross sectional area of ventricular septal defects from commonly used cardiac catheterisation data. This index was compared with the area of the defect measured during operation and expressed as a ratio to the cross sectional area of the aorta. The highly significant linear relation (r = 0.94) between this index of the defect area and the size of the defect measured at operation means that the severity of a ventricular septal defect can be assessed from haemodynamic data obtained at cardiac catheterisation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Mechanism for erosion of glass-ionomer cements in an acidic buffer solution.

In order to clarify the mechanism for erosion of glass-ionomer cements, we immersed two commercial luting cements in an acidic buffer solution under various conditions. The amounts of F, Al, Si, and Ca eluted from the cement were (1) in proportion to the square root of immersion time, (2) unrelated to shape or volume of the sample, (3) dependent on its surface area, and (4) not affected by shaking of the solution. It was concluded that the dissolution was controlled by the diffusion of those species in the cement matrix, which was influenced by the structure of the matrix and the concentration of H+ ion at the cement surface. The unreacted glass particles near the cement surface were dissolved by the long immersion, and many pores were left in the surface region.

Acids↗
PubMed1986

Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral condyle--a clinical study of eighteen knees in ten patients.

Clinical feature of rarely occurring steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral condyle was analyzed in 10 patients. Patients' ages at onset ranged from 19 years to 43 years. The patients consisted of 2 cases affected unilaterally and 8 cases affected bilaterally. In two knees lesion developed in the medial condyle, but it involved the lateral condyle of 11 knees or both the medial and lateral condyles of 5 knees. Mean period from the start of steroid therapy to manifestation of lesion was 79 months and mean total dose was 29.0 g. Subjectively, knee pain was not so severe and ADL was not so limited in most cases. Radiographically, lesions which were located solely in anterior area or posterior condyle belonged to the initial or moderate stage. However, the majority of those lesions which were located mainly in the central area was medium or large in size belonged to the advanced stages.

Adult↗