Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Fujishita.
Thrombocytopenic purpura developed in a 64-year-old woman seropositive for human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). She had no underlying disorders and HTLV-I is suggested as a possible cause of her thrombocytopenia.
The mode of vertical transmission of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) was investigated by foster-nursing in rabbits. Two of five rabbits born to noninfected mothers and fostered by virus-infected females seroconverted for HTLV-I after 7 weeks, whereas all seven rabbits born to virus-infected mothers and fostered by noninfected females remained seronegative for the observation period of 6 months. Culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes gave rise to an HTLV-I-carrying T-cell line from each of the two seroconverted rabbits. These findings suggest that HTLV-I is transmitted through milk from mother to offspring.
Trisomy 4 in a Japanese patient with type M2 acute nonlymphocytic leukemia is reported. Karyotypic analysis was unsuccessful at diagnosis and complete remission lasted 4 years. The cytogenetic change was detected in the first and second relapses as the only chromosome abnormality. Unusual nuclear irregularities were found in many leukemic cells.
An indirect immunoperoxidase method capable of identifying an opportunistic fungus, Trichosporon beigelii, in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue has been developed. The authors studied autopsy materials from 19 patients with various fungal infections, including 3 patients with disseminated T. beigelii infection, 8 patients with localized or systemic candidiasis, 4 patients with invasive aspergillosis, 2 patients with pulmonary mucormycosis, and 2 patients with systemic cryptococcosis. T. beigelii could be successfully visualized in tissue sections from all three patients with this infection and a patient with systemic candidiasis who was found to have concomitant infection by T. beigelii. The capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans was also stained, indicating the presence of cross-reactive antigen between T. beigelii and C. neoformans. C. neoformans-absorbed antiserum was reactive with T. beigelii but not with other fungi, including C. neoformans.
A case of lung cancer in a 78-year-old man who subsequently developed a perianal skin metastasis is herein reported. The metastatic lesion was the fist clinical metastatic sign noticed. Although irradiation therapy reduced the size of the lung tumor, the tumor soon regrew and the patient died of massive hemorrhaging from the perianal mass. An autopsy revealed that the primary tumor and all metastases were, histologically, a mucoepidermoid carcinoma. A metastasis of a lung cancer to the perianal region is extremely rare, only one case involving an anaplastic carcinoma having been previously reported.
We studied the mode of natural transmission of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) in rabbits. Four virus-infected rabbits (2 males and 2 females) were individually mated with 4 noninfected rabbits. Two virus-infected females mated with noninfected males gave birth to 7 offspring, and 2 noninfected females mated with infected males delivered 5 offspring. Four of the seven offspring born to the virus-infected mothers seroconverted for HTLV-I when aged 6 to 13 weeks with antibody titers of 1:40 to 1:160. None of the five offspring born to the noninfected mothers became seropositive during the observation period of 6 months, however. Peripheral lymphocytes were cultured with T cell growth factor, and HTLV-I-carrying lymphoid cell lines were established from the four seroconverted rabbits. All four cell lines were of T cells positive for Ia antigens. In addition, none of five newborn rabbits killed immediately after birth to a virus-infected rabbit was infected with HTLV-I. These findings provide an experimental support for the milkborne transmission of HTLV-I from mother to child in humans and indicate that the virus is tropic for T cells in rabbits as well.
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A 41-year-old woman presented with a gastric lymphoma. A total gastrectomy was performed, and the tumor was found to consist of T cells of the helper/inducer (E+, Leu-1+, Leu-2a-, Leu-3a+) phenotype. The patient was seropositive for T-cell leukemia virus type I, and the tumor cells contained the proviral genome.
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Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) was serially transmitted for 5 passages from rabbit to rabbit by blood transfusion. The virus could be transmitted with 20 ml of whole blood or washed blood cell suspension (fresh or stored for 1-2 weeks at 4 degrees C) but not with cell-free plasma from seroconverted rabbits. Seroconversion occurred 2-4 weeks after blood transfusion and serum anti-HTLV-I titers ranged from 1:20 to 1:640 with the immunofluorescence assay. From transfusion recipients of the 1st to 4th passages, virus-producing cell lines were established by culturing lymphocytes in the presence of T-cell growth factor (TCGF). Three of the 4 cell lines became TCGF-independent after 2-12 months of continuous culture. Blood was transfused between rabbits of opposite sexes and the recipient origin of each cell line was determined by chromosome analysis. We also investigated the effect of X-irradiation (6,000 rad) on blood from seropositive rabbits. Seroconversion likewise occurred in rabbits transfused with blood that had been irradiated immediately before transfusion but not in rabbits transfused with blood that had been irradiated and stored for 1-2 weeks at 4 degrees C. Thus, our rabbit model shows that HTLV-I is serially transmissible by blood transfusion and that this can be prevented by irradiation of blood. The same procedure, therefore, may be useful for the prevention of transfusion-related transmission of HTLV-I in humans.
Four female rabbits were given twice-weekly oral inoculation of 2-4 X 10(7) cells from a male rabbit lymphoid cell line persistently infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). After 8 weeks, one of them was found to be seroconverted for HTLV-I. Peripheral lymphocytes from the 4 rabbits were cultured in the presence of T-cell growth factor, and a lymphoid cell line with a normal female karyotype was established only from the seroconverted rabbit. This cell line was reactive with a monoclonal antibody to rabbit T-cells and expressed HTLV-I antigens and virus particles.
A serological study of antibody to adult T-cell leukemia-virus-associated antigen (anti-HTLV-I antibody) was made in 170 cases of various hematological diseases at Shikoku Cancer Center Hospital. The titer of anti-HTLV-I antibody was determined by indirect immunofluorescence using the MT-2 cell line. Two of two patients with ATL were positive for antibody. In non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, six of 18 cases of T-cell phenotype were positive (33%), while two of 29 cases of B-cell phenotype were antibody-positive (7%). Some cases of leukemia and aplastic anemia, who had received multiple blood transfusions, were found to be seropositive. Our results suggest that anti-HTLV-I antibody may be related to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with T-cell phenotype as well as ATL.
Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 2 normal individuals seronegative for human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) were co-cultured with HTLV-I-producing MT-2 cells that had been heated at 56 degrees for 30 min or exposed to 10,000 rad of X-irradiation. HTLV-I-induced lymphocyte transformation was consistently achieved by co-culture with irradiated MT-2 cells but not by co-culture with heated MT-2 cells. The heat treatment was found to be lethal to both MT-2 cells and the virus. These findings are discussed in terms of their potential clinical application for preventing the transmission of HTLV-I.
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