Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Fujishima

Publications and source records attributed to M Fujishima.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Plasma aldosterone concentration in patients with primary aldosteronism in the last decade].

We analyzed the chronological variation of plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) in 27 surgically confirmed patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) during the period from 1975 to 1984. PAC values in PA-patients were significantly higher than those in 82 age-matched patients with essential hypertension (EHT). However, although average PAC in the PA-patients declined consistently in recent years, no chronological trend of PAC was observed in the EHT-patients. Therefore, the distributions of PAC in the two groups of patients overlapped in the last few years. Such chronological variations of PAC in the PA-patients were not related to serum potassium concentration, blood pressure level on admission, duration of hypertension, or diameter of the adrenal adenomas. In some recently observed cases of PA, not only was the basal PAC relatively low, PAC also responded to either salt depletion or salt loading. These findings could not be explained simply by the change of methodology for PAC determination but rather by the technological advance of diagnostic radiology. As a result, PA might be diagnosed in the early stages or before becoming fullblown. Further study should be necessary to clarify the exact mechanism.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Circadian rhythms of urinary excretions of water and electrolytes in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN).

In order to determine whether the usual feeding pattern actually modifies the circadian rhythms of urinary excretion of water and electrolytes, we compared the circadian rhythm characteristics in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN group) with those in patients on an ordinary hospital diet (control group). Statistically significant circadian rhythms were detected in all of the urinary variables investigated herein by using the population mean-cosinor method in both groups. In addition, there were no statistically significant differences of the mesor, the %-amplitude and the acrophase between the two groups. These results suggest that the usual feeding pattern is not a main determinant in forming the circadian rhythm characteristics of human urinary variables.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1985

Natural history of fundic gland polyposis in patients with familial adenomatosis coli/Gardner's syndrome.

In order to study the natural history of fundic gland polyposis, 23 patients with familial adenomatosis coli/Gardner's syndrome were examined over a follow-up period ranging from 17 mo to 13 yr (average 6 yr). Examinations included gastric radiography and endoscopy with biopsy. Fundic gland polyps were found in 10 individuals. The size and number of polyps varied considerably. During the follow-up period, there was an increase in number or size of polyps, or both, in 5 patients (aged 8-27 yr), a decrease or disappearance in 2 patients (aged 36 and 41 yr), an initial decrease or disappearance followed by a late-occurring increase in 2 patients (aged 28 and 35 yr), In addition, malignant or adenomatous changes of fundic gland polyps were not observed in any patient. Therefore, fundic gland polyposis in patients with familial adenomatosis coli/Gardner's syndrome may appear as early as 8 yr of age. In some patients there is a gradual increase in number and size of polyps, whereas in others, polyp proliferation ceases and polyps may even decrease in number and size. Our findings indicate that the fundic gland polyposis does not require prophylactic surgery and that careful periodic follow-up should suffice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacokinetics of a new angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor (alacepril) after oral dosing in fasting or fed states.

The plasma concentration and urinary excretion of a newly developed angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor, alacepril (which is converted to captopril after absorption), were investigated in seven normal healthy subjects. Fifty milligrams of the drug was administered orally either in the fasting or in the fed state. In the fasting state, the time of maximal plasma concentration (tmax) was 1 hour for free captopril, 1.7 hours for protein-conjugated captopril, and 1.6 hours for total captopril. The biologic t1/2 of free, protein-conjugated, and total captopril was 1.9, 4.2, and 5 hours, respectively. In the fed state, neither tmax nor t1/2 changed, except that the tmax of free captopril was prolonged to 1.9 hours (P less than 0.01). Cumulative urinary excretion of free captopril at 8 hours was 35% of the drug administered in the fasting state and that of total captopril at 24 hours was 59%. These data did not differ significantly from those obtained after food intake. The biologic t1/2 of free captopril after alacepril dosing was longer than in previous studies of captopril per se. Because biologic or clinical effects have not been studied, it should be left conjectural whether alacepril is a longer-acting angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor. A prolonged effect of the drug can be expected by its administration after a meal.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Intestinal anisakiasis: clinical and radiologic features.

We report the clinical and radiologic features of 12 patients with acute intestinal anisakiasis. Diagnosis of anisakiasis was made immunologically by positive antibody to Anisakis larvae and a recent history of raw fish intake. Severe abdominal pain was a major symptom in these patients-half experienced fluid levels indicating ileus on plain x-ray films of the abdomen. Radiologic findings included irregular thickening of the jejunum, ileum, or colon, with mucosal edema and luminal narrowing with dilatation of the proximal intestine. In two cases a thread-like filling defect suggesting a worm was visualized on the x-ray film. These findings were interpreted as anisakiasis. Although ileus developed in some patients, all were treated and cured completely without surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Rapidly progressive renal deterioration in partially nephrectomized rats with experimental membranous nephropathy.

The effects of nephron loss on the clinical and histological picture of experimental membranous nephropathy were examined for 18 weeks in five-sixths nephrectomized rats with Heymann nephritis (HN-5/6N group). Heymann nephritis-induced rats without nephrectomy (HN group), normal rats with 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6N group) and normal rats without nephrectomy (control group) were also examined for comparison. A rapidly progressive increase in urinary protein, BUN and serum creatinine was observed after renal ablation in the HN-5/6N group. Light microscopic study revealed global or segmental sclerosis in most of the glomeruli, crescent formation in some of the glomeruli and marked tubulointerstitial changes. Electron microscopic study demonstrated vacuolation and necrosis of podocytes, detachment of podocytes from the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and fibrin exudation into Bowman's space. Proteinuria was also marked but renal function was not impaired in the HN group. In the 5/6N group, proteinuria was mild and elevation in BUN and serum creatinine was apparent but not progressive. There were no differences in the depositions of IgG, C3 and electron-dense materials on GBM between the HN-5/6N group and the HN group. In conclusion, renal mass reduction associated with high flow and pressure to the remnant glomeruli could lead to extensive glomerular sclerosis and to a deterioration in renal function, in the case of pre-existing nephritic lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Infection and maintenance of Holospora obtusa, a macronucleus-specific bacterium of the ciliate Paramecium caudatum.

The gram-negative bacterium Holospora obtusa is a macronucleus-specific symbiont of the ciliate Paramecium caudatum, which invades the host cell via a food vacuole, infects its macronucleus and grows exclusively in the nucleus. From infection experiments, we showed that a property of the macronucleus that is necessary for it to be recognized and infected by H. obtusa is commonly provided by P. caudatum, P. multimicronucleatum and 14 species of the P. aurelia complex, but not by P. jenningsi, P. bursaria, P. trichium, P. duboscqui, Didinium nasutum, Blepharisma japonicum, Pseudourostyla levis, seven species of Euplotes or Tetrahymena thermophila. Furthermore, it was also shown that the bacteria that infect the macronuclei of P. multimicronucleatum and the P. aurelia species complex always disappear from the nuclei within 5 days and the infected bacteria are maintained stably in the host nuclei in only 13 out of 22 strains of P. caudatum. The results indicate that the species specificity of the habitat of H. obtusa is not simply a matter of its ability to penetrate the host nuclear membrane but depends on unknown factors that exist only in certain strains of P. caudatum.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1985

Neurogenic hypertension in the Guillain-Barré syndrome.

We report a case of Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with hypertension. The hypertension was related to glossopharyngeal and vagal nerve impairment. Plasma noradrenaline concentration (NA) and plasma renin activity (PRA) were elevated. The possible mechanism of the neurogenic hypertension produced by the sino-aortic denervation is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Effect of blood pressure on the progression rate of renal impairment in chronic glomerulonephritis.

An effect of high blood pressure on the progression of renal functional deterioration was studied in 23 cases of chronic glomerulonephritis, which showed progressive renal functional impairments during the long-term follow-up period. The slope-of-regression line, which was obtained from the relation between reciprocal serum creatinine concentration (1/Cr) and observation time, was expressed as a progression rate and was evaluated on an association with blood pressure level. The progression rate was found to correlate significantly with the level of diastolic blood pressure (p less than 0.001). It is concluded that the elevation of blood pressure is one of the factors that contribute to the progression of renal functional impairment in chronic glomerulonephritis.

Adult↗