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Biomedical subjects

M Fujioka

Publications and source records attributed to M Fujioka.

333 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Retroperitoneal squamous cell carcinoma: metastasis from uterine endometrial carcinoma?

A case of a retroperitoneal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in a 61-year-old woman is reported. Imaging studies demonstrated a well-defined solid and cystic mass with suggested inferior vena cava (IVC) invasion. She had had a history of uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EAC) with squamous differentiation (Grade 1) five years previously. Based on the pathological findings, this retroperitoneal neoplasm was thought to be a metastasis from the uterine EAC.

Aortography↗
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Detection of malignant thymoma in primary tumor and metastatic lesions using 99mTc-tetrofosmin scintigraphy.

99mTc-tetrofosmin was developed as a myocardial perfusion imaging agent and can also be used to depict tumors. We have experienced five cases of malignant thymoma delineated on 99mTc-tetrofosmin SPECT. In one case significant activity was clearly detected in the primary tumor and metastatic lesions. In quantitative analysis, similar 99mTc-tetrofosmin and 201Tl-chloride uptake ratios were obtained (1.95+/-0.57 versus 2.27+/-0.85, respectively; n.s.). The ability of 99mTc-tetrofosmin to detect malignant thymoma was comparable to that of 201Tl-chloride. Therefore, 99mTc-tetrofosmin might be a useful tracer for the detection of malignant thymoma, although more studies will be required to evaluate its diagnostic accuracy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism influences methotrexate sensitivity in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

OBJECTIVE: Methotrexate (MTX) is most widely used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it has certain drawbacks with regard to individual differences in its therapeutic effects as well as the differences in the patients' response to MTX therapy. We investigated whether multi-drug resistance-1 (ABCB1) C3435T, reduced folate carrier-1 (RFC1) G80A, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide transformylase (ATIC) C347G and a 6bp-deletion polymorphism in the 3'-untranslated region of the thymidylase synthase (TYMS) gene are predictive of MTX sensitivity and its adverse effects. METHODS: Patients whose last maintenance dosage of MTX was 6 mg/week or those in whom MTX therapy was changed due to poor response to MTX were regarded as non-responders. The data of 124 RA patients who had received MTX treatment were retrospectively analyzed for polymorphisms in the ABCB1, RFC1, ATIC and TYMS genes, MTX sensitivity and MTX toxicity. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in MTX sensitivity among the genotypes of RFC1, ATIC and TYMS genes. ABCB1 3435TT cases included statistically significantly more non-responders than 3435CC cases according to univariate analysis (crude odds ratio (OR) = 8.91, p = 0.001) and multivariate analysis (adjusted OR = 8.78, p = 0.038). There were no significant differences in MTX toxicity among the genotypes of all the genes. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that the genetic diagnosis of ABCB1 C3435T can be applied to determine MTX sensitivity for the treatment of RA patients. However, further pharmacokinetics studies are required in this regard.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preoperative and postoperative assessment of rotational acetabular osteotomy for dysplastic hips in children by three-dimensional surface reconstruction computed tomography imaging.

The three-dimensional relationship between the acetabulum and femoral head was evaluated using three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) reconstruction before and after rotational acetabular osteotomy. This method provides exact anatomic information on acetabular coverage so that precise operative planning is more easily made. Evaluation of six dysplastic hips indicated the possible dangers of anterolateral rotational shift of the acetabulum when there is marked posterior deficiency, such as in the case of a high decree of subluxated femoral head covered by a shallow false acetabulum. In these circumstances, it may be safer and preferable to plan a lateral shift instead of an anterolateral shift.

Acetabulum↗
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Computer-aided interactive surgical simulation for craniofacial anomalies based on 3-D surface reconstruction CT images.

We developed a computer-aided interactive surgical simulation system for craniofacial anomalies based on three-dimensional (3-D) surface reconstruction CT imaging. This system has four functions: 1) 3-D surface reconstruction display with an accelerated projection method; 2) Surgical simulation to cut, move, rotate, and reverse bone-blocks over the reference 3-D image on the CRT screen; 3) 3-D display of the simulated image in arbitrary views; and 4) Prediction of postoperative skin surface features displayed as 3-D images in arbitrary views. Retrospective surgical simulation has been performed on three patients who underwent the fronto-orbital advancement procedures for brachycephaly and two who underwent the reconstructive procedure for scaphocephaly. The predicted configurations of the cranium and skin surface were well simulated when compared to the postoperative images in 3-D arbitrary views. In practical use, this software might be used for an on-line system connected to a large scale general-purpose computer.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isolation, identification, and biological activities of oxidative metabolites of FK506, a potent immunosuppressive macrolide lactone.

To characterize structures and biological activities of FK506 metabolites, FK506 was incubated with liver microsomes prepared from phenobarbital-treated rats in the presence of NADPH generating system under aerobic condition. Oxidative metabolites formed in the reaction medium were isolated and identified. Purified samples were analyzed by HPLC, mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy. M-I, M-II, and M-III were the O-demethylated metabolites at the 13-, 31-, and 15-positions of FK506, respectively, and M-IV was the monohydroxylated metabolite at the 12-position. M-I was the dominant metabolite in this reaction system. M-II and M-III retained the tetrahydropyrane ring in their structures like FK506, but M-I and M-IV had rearranged structures in which the tetrahydropyrane ring was changed to a tetrahydrofuran ring. Measuring the immunosuppressive activity in the mouse mixed lymphocyte reaction system, IC50 values for M-I, M-II, M-III, M-IV, and FK506 were 1.65, 0.23, > 127, 5.52, and 0.15 nM, respectively. Reactivity of the metabolites with mouse anti-FK506 monoclonal antibody was studied and immunocross-reactivity of M-I, M-II, M-III, and M-IV with the antibody were nil, 109.0, 90.5, and 8.8% of FK506, respectively. These results indicate that rat hepatic microsomes oxidatively metabolize FK506 to four metabolites, and some of them exhibit pharmacological activity.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR findings of surgically retained sponges and towels: report of two cases.

MR findings of surgically retained sponges (gossypiboma) in two patients are reported. The sponges were well-encapsulated round masses with a thick wall of low signal intensity on both T1-weighted images (T1WI) and T2-weighted images (T2WI). The signal intensity of the center of the masses varied in both patients on T1WI and T2WI. In one patient, the mass was high in signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images and had a low signal intensity whirl that represented a surgical sponge. The sponge was rich in serosanguinous fluid with a high protein concentration (8.2 g/dl). In the other patient, the mass was low in signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images, and was mainly composed of organized cotton matrix with little fluid. The protein concentration of the fluid was lower than in the former case (6.4 g/dl).

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR appearance at different ages of osteoporotic compression fractures of the vertebrae.

PURPOSE: To elucidate the MR appearance at different ages of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed sequential MR studies of 107 vertebrae in 75 patients with osteoporotic compression fractures. RESULTS: Vertebral deformities comprised 35 anteriorly wedged vertebrae, 65 fish vertebrae, four flat vertebrae, and others. Signal alterations were depicted as geographic areas of low intensity on T1-weighted images (T1-WI) and high intensity on T2*-WI, or linear areas of low intensity on T1-WI and high or low intensity on T2*-WI. In the acute stage, geographic alteration predominated. During a three-month period following the injuries, the extent of the geographic areas increased in 40% of cases on T1-WI. Geographic alteration declined in the chronic stage, whereas the prevalence of linear signals increased. Restoration of fatty marrow was preceded by linear signals without geographic signals on T1-WI (36%). The anteriorly wedged vertebrae collapsed faster than the fish vertebrae. CONCLUSIONS: The acute or subacute stage of compression fractures is characterized by a larger alteration of the geographic signal, whereas the chronic stage was evidenced by a smaller area of alteration of the geographic and linear signals or by restoration of fatty marrow.

Acute Disease↗