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Biomedical subjects

M Fujimori

Publications and source records attributed to M Fujimori.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[RI angiography with 99mTc and 201T1-chloride scintigraphy in determining the effectiveness of intra-arterial infusion in chemotherapy of locally advanced and recurrent breast cancer].

Eleven patients with local advanced and recurrent breast cancer were treated preoperatively with intraarterial infusion of chemotherapeutic agents. After the treatment, nine patients underwent radical mastectomy. RI angiography with 99mTc is a useful procedure for determining the correct position of the tips of an inserted cannula. The results of 201Tl-chloride scintigraphy have been found to be closely consistent with the results of the resected specimen histologically. Therefore, 201Tl-chloride scintigraphy is also a quite useful procedure for determining the effects of intraarterial infusion in cancer chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Maternal mortality and manpower. Comparisons in relation to anaesthetists, obstetricians, and paediatricians in England and Wales and in Japan.

In 1982 maternal mortality in England and Wales was given seven per 100 000 compared to 18 per 100 000 total births in Japan. This represented 160 more deaths in Japan. Perinatal mortality rates were similar in England and Wales and Japan, being 11.3 and 10.1 per 1000 respectively. The prevalence of obstetricians and paediatricians per 100 000 total births are approximately similar in England and Wales and in Japan, whereas the rates for anaesthetists are five times less in Japan. In England and Wales, 13% of maternal deaths were related to anaesthetic misadventures, but the Japanese incidence is not known. However, more than 50% of anaesthetics for Caesarean sections in district hospitals in Japan are administered by obstetricians. A pilot study in Japan would be necessary to determine the precise role of anaesthetic provision on maternal mortality. Maternal mortality may prove a useful indicator of anaesthetic service deficiency.

Anesthesia, Obstetrical↗
PubMed1985

Intravenous lidocaine as a suppressant of coughing during tracheal intubation.

Effects of intravenously administered lidocaine on cough suppression during tracheal intubation under general anesthesia were evaluated in two studies. In study 1, 100 patients received either a placebo or 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 mg/kg lidocaine intravenously 1 min before tracheal intubation. All visible coughs were classified as coughing. The incidence of coughing decreased as the dose of lidocaine increased. A dose of 1 mg/kg or more of intravenous lidocaine suppressed the cough reflex significantly (P less than 0.01). Coughing was suppressed completely by 2 mg/kg of intravenous lidocaine. In study 2, 108 patients received 2 mg/kg lidocaine intravenously or a placebo 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, or 15 min before intubation. The same criteria for determining whether a patient did or did not cough during tracheal intubation were used as in study 1. The incidence of coughing decreased significantly (P less than 0.01) when 2 mg/kg of lidocaine was injected intravenously between 1 and 5 min before our attempting intubation. Cough reflex was suppressed completely by plasma concentrations of lidocaine in excess of 3 micrograms/ml.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Device for determining location of an endotracheal catheter tip.

The location of a catheter's tip in the bronchi may be determined using a stethoscope and an audible sound that has a frequency of 558 Hz and a sound pressure of 136 dB for the adult. The device is easy and safe to use, and has been used in a broad range of patients for over 4 yr without sequelae.

Auscultation↗
PubMed1984

Influence of alpha- and beta-adrenergic blockade on systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics during intravenous administration of local anesthetics.

The effects of alpha- and beta-adrenergic blockade on the systemic and pulmonary circulation during i.v. bolus injection of sub-seizure doses of lidocaine and bupivacaine were studied in dogs anesthetized with nitrous oxide. Pretreatment with hexamethonium or propranolol produced a marked decrease in cardiac output (CO), although pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine inhibited the decrease in CO during i.v. administration of lidocaine. Pretreatment with hexamethonium or phenoxybenzamine attenuated the increase in total peripheral resistance (TPR) following lidocaine 10 mg/kg i.v. In contrast, the propranolol-treated dogs developed a marked increase in TPR. The increases in mean pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) following lidocaine 10 mg/kg i.v. were blocked by pretreatment with hexamethonium. Furthermore, PVR increased markedly with pretreatment with propranolol, although pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine prevented the large increase in PVR. These findings indicate that lidocaine has both a direct depressant effect and an indirect beta adrenergic stimulant effect on the heart. Systemic or pulmonary vasoconstriction following intravenous administration of lidocaine 10 mg/kg is associated primarily with an indirect stimulant effect mediated by alpha-adrenergic mechanisms. Bupivacaine, as well as lidocaine, has an indirect stimulant effect mediated by the autonomic nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Selective bronchial suctioning in the adult using a curve-tipped catheter with a guide mark.

Our results of previous and successive studies indicate that torque control of curve-tipped catheters is easily accomplished by placing a guide mark on the catheter. Thus, a guide mark was made on a curve-tipped 14 FG Portex suction catheter using a felt pen. The efficacy of selective bronchial suctioning using this catheter was studied in 50 patients. Directed suctioning of the left and right bronchial passages was performed in each patient 3 times and once, respectively, with the head in the midline position. The success rate of left bronchial suctioning was 92% (138/150 attempts) and success in right bronchial suctioning 98% (49/50 attempts). The curve-tipped catheter with a guide mark significantly improved the success rate of left bronchial entry over the previous rate from 50% to 92%.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1982

Systematic studies with amoxapine, a new antidepressant.

Amoxapine, a tricyclic dibenzoxazepine is an antidepressant which in the dosage range of 150-300 mg/day is notable for its rapid onset of action. Because of the rather long, approximately 30-hour, half-life of 8-hydroxyamoxapine, the active metabolite of amoxapine, the possibility was raised that amoxapine therapy may be carried out with single daily dosages. Such a dosage schedule may improve compliance and, if appropriately timed, decrease perception of some of the unwanted effects of the drug. To test the hypothesis that there may be no disadvantages and perhaps even advantages of a once-a-day regimen as compared to a divided dosage schedule, a 6-week double-blind clinical trial was carried out in 35 hospitalized patients with major (18 patients) and minor (17 patients) depressive disorders. While no statistically significant difference was found in overall therapeutic and adverse effects between the groups treated with single or divided daily doses, onset of therapeutic effect appeared a bit faster in the group treated with single daily doses. Of particular relevance for drugs which can be given in single daily doses is their effect on psychomotor performance tests. In view of the findings that a once-a-day dosage regimen with amoxapine may have advantages over divided daily doses, a second study was carried out in which the effects of amoxapine (50 and 100 mg) were compared to an inactive placebo and amitriptyline (50 mg) with and without ethanol in 8 normal male volunteers. The study was double-blind and followed a latin square design. Since the effects of amoxapine on motor reflex, visual-motor coordination and depth perception did not differ significantly from placebo, the results suggest that the effects of amoxapine on the performances measured are clinically insignificant. No significant interaction with ethanol was noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Electric birefringence of ionized polypeptides in solution and the effect of high electric fields on the helix-coil transition.

Electric birefringence and circular dichroism measurements have been made on solutions of two po!y (L-lysine) homologs. The specific Kerr constant and the molar ellipticity at 222 nm of poly (L-alpha, gamma-diaminobutyric acid hydrochloride) in methanol/water mixtures underwent an abrupt change between 75 and 80 vol% methanol at 25 degrees C, corresponding to a solvent-induced helix-coil transition. On the helix side of the transition region, i.e., between 78 and 80 vol% methanol, anomalous birefringence transients indicative of field-induced helix-to-coil transition were observed at high fields. In the case of poly (L-ornithine hydrobromide) in methanol/water mixtures, a helix-coil transition was induced between 93 and 98 vol% methanol and anomalous birefringence transients were observed between 96 and 98 vol% methanol. The double logarithmic plots of the steady-state specific birefringence versus the square of field strength for various solvent compositions and polymer concentrations could be superimposed on one another by horizontal and vertical shifts, except for the range where anomalous birefringence transients were observed. This enabled us to estimate the threshold field strength.

Journal Article↗